agribot synopsis

1. IOT BASED MULTIPURPOSE AGRIBOT WITH FEILD
MONITORING SYSTEM
ABSTRACT:
Agriculture is the science and art of cultivating Plants and livestock.
More than 40 percent of the population in the world choose
agriculture as the primary occupation. In recent years, increased
interest has grown for development of the Autonomous vehicles like
robots in agriculture. The proposed system aims at designing
multipurpose autonomous agriculture Robotic vehicle which performs
the tasks such as ploughing, seed sowing, watering the crops. This
robotic vehicle is an agricultural machine of a considerable power and
great soil clearing capacity.. The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of
interrelated computing devices and it can transfer data over a network
without requiring human intervention. Using this technology, we are
coming up with Agribot which helps to monitor various functions in
the field of agriculture. Agribot is a robotic vehicle of considerable
power and great soil clearing capacity. This multipurpose system
helps to monitor the level of water, temperature, humidity and soil
moisture. This machine is used to cultivate the farm depending on the
distance between the crops. The Agribot is controlled by connecting it
to the Android smartphone through ESP8266. The whole process
calculation, processing, monitoring is designed with motors &
components interfaced with a microcontroller.This multipurpose
system gives an advance method to sow, plow, water the crops with
minimum man power and labor making it an efficient vehicle. The
machine will cultivate the farm by considering particular rows and
specific column at fixed distance depending on crop. Moreover, the
paper aims at making use of evolving technology i.e. IoT which
results in Smart agriculture.

2. INTRODUCTION:
Many countries in Asia including India are agrarian economies and
most of their rural populations depend on agriculture to earn their
livelihood. Aimed at increasing the productivity and reducing the
labor involved, this robot is designed to execute the basic functions
required to be carried out in farms The robot starts its function by
ploughing the field, then sows the seeds in the ploughed area and ends
the process with covering the seeds sown with soil. It uses basic
components like DC motors, stepper motor, relay and PSoC as the
main controller. The mechanical design of the robot is also simple. It
is programmed to carry out the above functions simultaneously. To
perform the function of ploughing it is equipped with spiked wheels
which are fixed in the anterior end of the robot, to sow seeds it has a
container with seeds and its bottom contains a perforation to drop the
seed and finally the posterior end of the robot has a sloping metal
sheet touching the ground to cover the sown seeds with soil as it
moves forward .Robotics in agriculture is not a new concept; in
controlled environments (green houses), it has a history of over 20
years. Research has been performed to develop harvesters for cherry
tomatoes, cucumbers, mushrooms, and other fruits. In horticulture,
robots have been introduced to harvest citrus and apples. In dairy
farming, milking robots are currently commonplace in the
Netherlands. The pinnacle of highly automated crop production is
without a doubt the Japanese ‘‘plant factory,’’ where vegetables are
grown hydroponically under artificial lighting. Computers and robots
control the process from out planting seedlings, to root cutting.. In
this paper autonomous robot for agriculture (AgriBot) is a prototype
and implemented for performing various agricultural activities like
seeding, weeding, spraying of fertilizers, insecticides. AgriBot is
controlled with a Arduino Mega board having At mega 2560
microcontroller. The powerful Raspberry Pi a mini computer is used
to control and monitor the working of the robot. The Arduino Mega is
mounted on a robot allowing for access to all of the pins for rapid
prototyping. Its hexapod body can autonomously walk in any
direction, avoiding objects with its ultrasonic proximity sensor. Its
walking algorithms allow it to instantly change direction and walk in
any new direction without turning its body. An underbody sensory

3. array allows the robot to know if a seed has been planted in the area at
the optimal spacing and depth. AgriBot can then dig a hole, plant a
seed in the hole, cover the seed with soil, and apply any pre-
emergence fertilizers and/or herbicides along with the marking agent.
AgriBot can then signal to other robots in the immediate proximity
that it needs help planting in that area or that this area has been
planted and to move on by communicating through Wi-Fi.
MOTIVATION:
The agriculture has always been the backbone of India’s sustained
growth. As the population of India continues to grow, the demand for
production will also grows. Hence, there is a great need for multiple
cropping in the farms and this in turn requires efficient and time
saving machines. The paper discusses the modern way agriculture
which will be helpful for the agriculture industry to move towards
mechanization.
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
To develop a system which is capable of reducing work of farmers &
increasing yield by proper maintenance using sensors such as soil
moisture, temperature, humidity, water etc.To protect the crops from
fire accidents and preventiong from animals.
LITERATURE SURVEY:
[1].An IoT Based Multifunction Agribot A. R. Uday1 , D. Nisarga2 ,
Syeda Arshiya3 , A. Deepak4 , J. Sudha5 International Journal of
Research in Engineering, Science and Management Volume-3, Issue-
2, February-2020
Agriculture is the science and art of cultivating Plants and livestock.
More than 40 percent of the population in the world choose
agriculture as the primary occupation. In recent years, increased
interest has grown for development of the Autonomous vehicles like

4. robots in agriculture. The proposed system aims at designing
multipurpose autonomous agriculture Robotic vehicle which performs
the tasks such as ploughing, seed sowing, watering the crops. This
robotic vehicle is an agricultural machine of a considerable power and
great soil clearing capacity. This multipurpose system gives an
advance method to sow, plow, water the crops with minimum man
power and labor making it an efficient vehicle. The machine will
cultivate the farm by considering particular rows and specific column
at fixed distance depending on crop. Moreover, the paper aims at
making use of evolving technology i.e. IoT and Bluetooth which
results in Smart agriculture. The whole process calculation,
processing, monitoring is designed with motors & sensor interfaced
with microcontroller.
[2].AgriBot - An intelligent interactive interface to assist farmers in
agricultural activities Divya Sawant∗ , Anchal Jaiswal† , Jyoti
Singh‡ , Payal Shah§ ,
In India, agriculture plays a predominant role in economy and
employment. The common problem existing among the Indian
farmers today is that they fail to choose the right crop based on their
region specications and yield history. Hence they face a serious
setback in productivity. Agricultural statistics and forecast is an
important resource that the government has not explored
commensurate to its impact. The paper proposes an intelligent
portable system using data mining and analytics which assists farmers
with various farming techniques, helps them decide most suitable
crops as per current climate conditions, soil conditions and
geographical characteristics of the specified region.The farmers do
not have a single source which can cater to all their queries regarding
seeds, fertilizers, market prices, storage facilities, government
schemes,etc. To make this data analysis easily accessible to the
farmers a chatbot is proposed which uses the Natural Language
Processing technique. It helps to get responses of the farmer input
queries regarding agricultural context in audio format, so as to make
farmer interaction more user friendly. If the system fails to answer
any specified query, the query is redirected to helpline centers. The

5. system basically works as a virtual, handy assistant to assist farmers
throughout the year helping them stay notified of any factor that
would affect crop productivity and profit.
[3].Agribot: Arduino Controlled Autonomous Multi-Purpose Farm
Machinery Robot for Small to Medium Scale Cultivation 2018
International Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems
Md. Didarul Islam Sujon, Rumman Nasir, Mahbube Mozammel Ibne
Habib, Majedul Islam Nomaan, Jayasree Baidya, Md. Rezaul Islam
Agribot is a robot deployed for agricultural purposes. This is a robot
that performs the farming techniques. It is an autonomous prototype
robot that will help farmers in the farmland. This is an arduino
controlled robot that will be able to plough, sow and water the
farmland. It can replace traditional farming machinery in third world
country. It can perform all the functions of farming with the click of a
switch. The robot will perform farming using the analogy of
ultrasonic detection in order to change its position from one farming
strip to another within 1s + - 0.05s. At present specifications the robot
can perform on 0.25 acre farm land. There is scope of upgrading the
specs to perform in large scale farmland. The robot Thus, will
contribute greatly in developing the farming strategies and reduce
farmers cost of cultivation and will also increase their profit margins.
[4].AGRIBOT - A MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURAL ROBOT
Akhila Gollakota M.B. Srinivas 2021.
Agribot is a robot designed for agricultural purposes. It is designed to
minimize the labor of farmers in addition to increasing the speed and
accuracy of the work. It performs the elementary functions involved
in farming i.e. ploughing the field, sowing of seeds and covering the
seeds with soil. The robot is autonomous and provides the facility for
optional switching of the ploughing system when required. PSoC
(Programmable System on Chip) controller from Cypress
Semiconductor, USA is used to control the robot.

6. [5].2021 International Conference on Industrial Instrumentation and
Control (ICIC) College of Engineering Pune, India. May 28-30, 2021
Design and Operation of Wi-Fi Agribot Integrated System Gulam
Amer1 S.M.M.Mudassir2 M.A Malik3
Robotics in agriculture is not a new concept; in controlled
environments (green houses), it has a history of over 20 years.
Research has been performed to develop harvesters for cherry
tomatoes, cucumbers, mushrooms, and other fruits. In horticulture,
robots have been introduced to harvest citrus and apples. In this paper
autonomous robot for agriculture (AgriBot) is a prototype and
implemented for performing various agricultural activities like
seeding, weeding, spraying of fertilizers, insecticides. AgriBot is
controlled with a Arduino Mega board having At mega 2560
microcontroller. The powerful Raspberry Pi a mini computer is used
to control and monitor the working of the robot. The Arduino Mega is
mounted on a robot allowing for access to all of the pins for rapid
prototyping. Its hexapod body can autonomously walk in any
direction, avoiding objects with its ultrasonic proximity sensor. Its
walking algorithms allow it to instantly change direction and walk in
any new direction without turning its body. An underbody sensory
array allows the robot to know if a seed has been planted in the area at
the optimal spacing and depth. AgriBot can then dig a hole, plant a
seed in the hole, cover the seed with soil, and apply any pre-
emergence fertilizers and/or herbicides along with the marking agent.
[6].Obstacle Detecting Multifunctional AGRIBOT Driven By Solar
Power Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Trends
in Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI 2020) IEEE Xplore Part
Number: CFP20J32-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-5518-0
This paper aims to design an agricultural robot, which helps the
people to survive where it performs operations such as digging of soil,
sowing of seeds, spraying pesticide, cutting grass and ploughing and
the detection of obstacles. In previous projects the techniques used
were complicated as well as expensive. This AGRIBOT uses the
renewable energy i.e. solar energy obtained from solar panel powered

7. battery ,it also consists of a visual obstacle detector and a Bluetooth
module which is paired with a Bluetooth terminal application through
which it is easily controlled and the instructions are given to the
AGRIBOT for the operations to be performed .Hence this is a low
cost AGRIBOT and is easy to operate without the need to go to the
field personally it also helps the farmers to facilitate to ease work by
reducing human effort, saving time and energy. by this farming can be
done easily in any climatic condition irrespective of day and night.
This agribot compared to other robots is very beneficial as it has
multitasking functional system and advanced techniques for smart
farming.
[7].AGRIBOT-A MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURAL ROBOT
1Shinde Shital Balaso, 2Bhoge shraddha vijaykumar, 3Gaikawad
Reshma Babasaheb, 4Bhosale mukesh shantaram,
5S.m.bhadhkumbhe 2020 IJCRT | Volume 8, Issue 4 April 2020
In times, Automation mechanism is employed in several of the fields
like defence, police work, medical field, industries, agricultural so on.
During this project, the mechanism system is employed to develop the
agricultural processes while not the employment of force. It provides
manual management and keeps a track on the humidness with the
assistance of humidness sensors. The most element of our projected
system is that the Advanced Virtual computer architecture (AVR) at
mega small controller that supervises the whole method. For manual
management the mechanism uses the wi-fi affiliation application as
management device and helps within the navigation of the mechanism
within the sector. Solar array is employed for power offer to the
mechanism. This is often particularly necessary for the security and
health of the employees. Automation is that the ideal answer to beat
all the shortcomings by making machines that perform all operations
and automating it to extend yield on an outsized scale.

8. BLOCK DIAGRAM:

9. ADVANTAGES:
 Easy to use. Reduces human efforts.
 Performs all primary functions in agriculture.
 Cost efficient. Increase yield of crops
DISADVANTAGES:
 At present robot is not designed for harvesting and weed control
features.
 Seed container and water container needs to be refilled
frequently.
APPLICATIONS:
1. Ploughing.
2. Sowing seeds.
3. Watering.
4. Soil levelling.
5. Soil Moisture Analysis.
6. Field Analysis.
7.Crop protection.
8.Protection from fire accidents
CONCLUSION:
This systems are more flexible than traditional systems. This
systems helps to reduce human efforts. Thus, it has made possible
to automate the most significant working routines. Multipurpose
autonomous agricultural robot has successfully implemented and
tested for various functions like ploughing, seeding, levelling and
water spraying. The flame sensor detects fire in case of any fire
accidents ,water pumps are turned on using relay & PIR sensor for
detection and alert to protect crop fields from animals by making
buzzer sounds and alerting the user. All the crop field parameters
and farming conditions are monitored through IOT using android
Application.

10. FUTURE SCOPE:
1. A camera can be added for image processing feature.
2. Image processing will help in added functionalities like harvesting,
weed control, disease identification etc.
3. The robot can be also modified in order to spray pesticides.
REFRENCES:
[1].An IoT Based Multifunction Agribot A. R. Uday1 , D. Nisarga2 ,
Syeda Arshiya3 , A. Deepak4 , J. Sudha5 International Journal of
Research in Engineering, Science and Management Volume-3, Issue-
2, February-2020
[2].AgriBot - An intelligent interactive interface to assist farmers in
agricultural activities Divya Sawant∗ , Anchal Jaiswal† , Jyoti
Singh‡ , Payal Shah§ ,
[3].Agribot: Arduino Controlled Autonomous Multi-Purpose Farm
Machinery Robot for Small to Medium Scale Cultivation 2018
International Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems
Md. Didarul Islam Sujon, Rumman Nasir, Mahbube Mozammel Ibne
Habib, Majedul Islam Nomaan, Jayasree Baidya, Md. Rezaul Islam
[4].AGRIBOT - A MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURAL ROBOT
Akhila Gollakota M.B. Srinivas 2021.
[5].2021 International Conference on Industrial Instrumentation and
Control (ICIC) College of Engineering Pune, India. May 28-30, 2021
Design and Operation of Wi-Fi Agribot Integrated System Gulam
Amer1 S.M.M.Mudassir2 M.A Malik3
[6].Obstacle Detecting Multifunctional AGRIBOT Driven By Solar
Power Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Trends

11. in Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI 2020) IEEE Xplore Part
Number: CFP20J32-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-5518-0
[7].AGRIBOT-A MULTIPURPOSE AGRICULTURAL ROBOT
1Shinde Shital Balaso, 2Bhoge shraddha vijaykumar, 3Gaikawad
Reshma Babasaheb, 4Bhosale mukesh shantaram,
5S.m.bhadhkumbhe 2020 IJCRT | Volume 8, Issue 4 April 2020