Robotics in Agriculture

1. WELCOME

4.  Introduction
 Topic Covered
 How Robots Work
 Need of Robotic Agriculture
 Types of Robots
 Robots used in Agriculture
 Future Scope
 Advantages and disadvantages
 Conclusion

5. Introduction
Robots:-
The word robot was derived from the Czech word
robota – forced labor orwork.
A robot is a mechanical, artificial agent and is usually an
electromechanical system. It is a device that, because of software
programming, makes complicated tasks easy to perform.
Robots
The word robot was derived from the Czech word
robota – forced labor or work.
A robot is a mechanical, artificial agent and is usually
an electromechanical system. It is a device that, because of
software programming, makes complicated tasks easy to
perform.
INTRODUCTION

6. Agriculture robots
 Agricultural Robotics is the logical proliferation of automation
technology into bio systems such as agriculture, forestry, green
house, horticulture etc.
 In agriculture, the opportunities for robot-enhanced productivity are
immense and the robots are appearing on farms in various guises and
in increasing numbers

7.  To Study focus on the economic feasibility of applying
autonomous robotic vehicles.
 To review of robot usage and outcome of using robots in
agriculture.
 To know how crop production could be automated in the
future.

8.  Robots can move and sense.
 They require multiple sensors and controls that allow them
to move in an unknown environment.

9. Robots usually have five parts
1) Sensors
2) Controller/Computer
3) Drive/Actuator
4) Arm
5) End-effectors

10.  The sensors send information in the form of electronic signals
back to thecontroller.
 Sensors can give the robot controller information about its
surroundings.

11.  It is also called as computer.
 The controller functions as the "brain" of the robot.
 The controller also allows the robot to be networked to
other systems, so that it may work together with other
machines, processes, or robots.

12.  The drive or actuator is the “engine” of the robot.
 An actuator is defined as “a mechanical device that
produces motion.”

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Hydraulic motor
Pneumatic motor
Stepper motor
Dc motor
Servo motor

13.  Usually, a robot’s arm is like a human arm with a
shoulder, elbow and fingers.
 The arm is the part of the robot that positions the end-effectors
and sensors to do their pre- programmed business.

14.  The end effectors means the last link (or end) of the robot.
 At this endpoint the tools are attached. In a wider sense, end effectors can
be seen as the part of a robot that interacts with the work environment.
Gripper Vaccum pump

15. Difference between automized
and conventional techniques
Conventional techniques depend on
human power and old techniques
Robots can work non stop, humans need
rest
Human may not be able to work in
hazardous environments
large sized wheels required in muddy soils,
robots small sized wheels perform well.
Robot scouts get detailed info about crop
Robots can detect presence of diseases,
weeds, insect infestations and other stress
conditions.
The lightweight of the robots do not
compact the soil as larger machinery does

16. Power Machinery power Human power and old
techniques
Work Capacity High Low (Human need
rest)
Time Less More
Product Quality High Low
Cost of Cultivation Initially high but in
long run low
Initially Low but In
Long run High
Yield High Low

17. Spraying Robot
Techniques involving
Agricultural Robots
 Processes like
ploughing, seeding, fertilizing, weeding, harvesting, spraying etc.
require large amount man power. Hence in order to reduce this
need, and save time and money, robots are employed.
MF- Scamp robots for scouting,
weeding and harvesting

18.  Speed
 Can work in hazardous/dangerous
 Can do repetitive tasks
 Can do work with accuracy
 Sustain domestic agriculture
 Facilitates 24 hr operations
 Improves safety
 Reduces labour needs
 Reduces chemical usage

20. Autonomous robots
 Work completely under the control of a computer
program.
Tele-controlled robots/ Remote-controlled
 Work under the control of
humans or computer
programs.
 Robots are controlled by
humans with a controller
such as a joystick or other
hand-held device.

21. 1. Demeter
2. Weed control robot
3. Forester robot
4. Robot in horticulture.
5. Fruit picking robot
6. Drones

22.  Demeter is capable of planning harvesting operations
for entire field and driven by remote control.
 Demeter is a robot that can cut crops it looks like a
normal harvester, but can drive by itself without any
human supervision.
Source: Tom Pilarski et al.,(2002)

23. Source: David Slaughter et al.,(2008)
 Weed identification is based on color
photography.
 A four-wheel-drive weed-seeking
robot was developed by the Danish
Farm Research Authority.
 The task of the weed removing
device is to remove or destroy the
weed.
 An intelligent hoe uses vision
systems to identify the row of crops,
and steer itself accurately between
them, considerably reducing the
need for herbicides.

26. Source: Pedersen et al., (2006)

27.  Pick ripe fruit without damaging the
branches or leaves of the tree.
 The robot can distinguish between
fruit and leaves by using video
image capturing.
 If a match is obtained, the fruit
is picked.
 Mobility is a priority and the robots
must be able to access all areas
of the tree being harvested.
Source: Ashwini.K (2016)

30.  This is a special type of robot used for cutting
up of wood, tending trees, and pruning of X-
mass tree.
 The forester robot having six legs moves
wonders in the forest.
 It is used for harvesting pulp and hard wood
in the forests.

31. Source: Koteswara et al. (2014)

33. Model : TC-158N
Brand : TIAN CHEN
Origin : Made In China
Category : Horticulture & robotic lawn mower,
robotic grass cutter and auto garden mower
Price : US $534 / pc
Cutting height : 3cm-4cm
Cutting speed : 20m/min
Hill capability : 30degree max slope
Wireless remote
control distance : 6m
Type of battery : lithium and lead-acid
Charging time : 3hours
Average working time : 2-3hours

34.  Robot is used in lawns to cut
the grass in lawns. It can cut
any lawn and maintain of its
geometric shape
 Robot is used to Color, weight,
health and size of fruit or
vegetable are automatically
detected by sensors after
which a robotic arm puts the
right produce in right trey.

35.  To get a bird’s eye view of the land offers a quick and easy
way to check on the progress of crops and determine where
they may need to replant or direct pesticide applications.
 It is also used for weed, pest and disease control.
Source :Anderson,C, (2014)

37. Future Scope

39.  It is expected that it can be used in
agriculture for the control of weed and
insects.

40.  The robot suit is designed specifically to help out with
tough agricultural work like pulling radishes.
 The suit has eight motors fitted over the shoulders
elbows, back and knees to provide a power boost to the
wearer.
 The current model weighs 55 pounds and uses 16
sensors to function.

42. Vitirover solar Robot
 A French company designs a smart autonomous robot called
vitirover.
 Vitirover solar Robot used in Vines to Cuts Grass And Weeds
 The little robot uses the sun power to the electrical motors.
 Using a solar panel this agricultural autonomous machine could work
for hundred hours without rest.
 It could cuts grass and weeds to within 2-3 cm of vine and has a
speed that allows him to work 500 meters per hour.

45. Name of the Company : Green Robot Machinery Private Limited
Name of Founder : Manohar Sambandam
City : Bengaluru
Industry : Agriculture
Crop : cotton
Robot : GRoboMac
Target : 500kg/day
practices : Harvesting,
Pruning and Weeding.

59.  In the fully-automated Farm of the Future, dedicated robots will take
on farming jobs that once could be done only by people.
 It is not just on the ground that technology promises to transform
farming. Unmanned Air Vehicles, or drones, are also coming into play
on farms.

60. Alex Thomasson 2015

62.  Robots can work 24 hours a day, every day without rest.
 Robots don’t need to be paid wage (so money is saved).
 Robots are extremely accurate compared to humans,
so product quality is high.
 Robots can perform tasks more quickly than humans,
so more products can be made.
 Robots can work in very dangerous conditions.
 It can reduce up to 97% of farm’s use ofpesticide.

63.  Energy issues, costly.
 People are made unemployed because robots are doing their
job.
 Robots are very expensive and it can take more time to pay
for them.
 lack of decision-making power.

64.  Agriculture robots can reduce the cost of cultivation by controlling
the high cost of labor, efficient use of fertilizers, pesticides.
 Workload on farmers minimized by using these type of robots, and it
have to complete field operation at the time.
 The higher quality products can be obtained by this technique and
it is best for future farming.

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Stentz, The Demeter System for Automated Harvesting ,robotics Institute, Carnegie
Mellon UniTomversity, autonomous robots 13(1)9-20,july (2002).
2) David Slaughter, Downey, Giles, Autonomous robotic Weed Control System, Computers
and Electronics in Agriculture 61(1):63-78, April(2008).
3) Ashwini.K, Survey Paper on Fruit Picking Robots, International Journal of Computer
Science and Mobile Computing IJCSMC, vol5, issue 1, January 2016, pg 96-101.
4) Anderson,C, Agricultural drones, Technology Review, 117,58-60, May (2014)
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