Atherosclerosis ( heart Disease , blood vessel narrow )

1. P R A G N E S H PAT E L
ATHEROSCLEROSIS

2. • Ather means “vessels” , sclerosis means “hardening “.
Therefore it is known as hardening of blood vessels .
• It is number one killer in the world. 20 % death due to
this condition by 2010.
• Here the wall of blood vessel become ( Thick , loose )
elasticity & become hard.
• The rate is a high in India , US , UK & Africa.
• It is a slow disease progress for 2-3 decade without any
symptoms suddenly comes out in the form of high blood
pressure, heart disease , hemorrhage .

3. PLAQUE FORMATION
• Cholesterol can combine with fat, calcium, and other
substances in the blood to form plaque.
• Plaque then slowly builds up and hardens in
the arteries, causing them to narrow.
• This buildup of plaque, a condition called
atherosclerosis, can lead to heart disease, heart attack,
and stroke.

4. DIAGNOSIS
In the laboratory following test are perform:
• Total cholesterol TG – Na+ , K+
• HDL cholesterol (ApoA1)
• LDL cholesterol (ApoB)
• Fasting sugar
• postprandial sugar

5. RISK FACTORS
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Smoking
• Lack of physical exercise
• Kidney failure
• Alcoholism
• Obesity
• Stress
• Hyper Tension
• High lipid diet

6. • HDL more than 60 mg % ( should be high )
• LDL more than 160 mg % is the major risk factor.
(Should be low)
• Precaution
• Reduce & Dietary cholesterol
• Include MUFA in the diet.
• Take leafy vegetables
• Regular exercise , avoid risk working (Increase HDL &
decrease LDL )
• Avoid Cigarette , alcohol & sucrose
• Include fibers in the diet & vitamin- E
• Drugs like Aspirin