UN SDG # 3 : Good Health and Well being The goal III, aims to address all the major health priorities with regard to child and maternal health, end of communicable diseases, reducing the number of non-communicable diseases cases, ease of access to safe and affordable medicines and vaccines and ensure universal health coverage (UHC), to help build productive and resilient communities. Despite making rapid strides in improving the health and well being through innovation, new drug discoveries and R&D, health care inequality does persist over access. Earlier Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) from 2000-2015, focussed on specific health conditions of maternal and child health, communicable diseases viz; HIV/AIDS, other diseases like Tuberculosis, vector borne diseases like Malaria. What MDGs lacked was focus with regard to entire health system and how they cater to health services for overall health and wellbeing. SDGs 2030 agenda from 2015-2030 , has set the target towards focus on Universal Health Coverage (UHC), which includes access to health services and with financial risk protection.

1. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all
at all ages
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In Spotlight :
United Nations
Sustainable Development
Goal -III
Treatise
One Planet-Common Future
In Focus - United Nations
Sustainable Development Goals
Eco Endeavourers Network
Striving for the planet in peril
Image Source : UN SDGs
Volume 1, Issue 2 15th October, 2017
Images Source : Google
Contact Focal Point :
 Dr. Prachi Ugle Pimpalkhute,
Founder & Citizen Outreach, EEN
 Mr. Sachin Pimpalkhute,
Co-Founder, EEN
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2. What does the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 Say :
The UN SDG # III is all about ensuring healthy lives
and promoting wellbeing for all at all ages.
The goal III, aims to address all the major health priorities
with regard to child and maternal health, end of communi-
cable diseases, reducing the number of non-communicable
diseases cases, ease of access to safe and affordable medi-
cines and vaccines and ensure universal health coverage
(UHC), to help build productive and resilient
communities. Despite making rapid strides in improving the health and wellbeing through
innovation, new drug discoveries and R&D health care inequality does persist over access.
Accordingly to UN SDGs more than six million children still die before they reach 5 years of
age, and only half of all women in developing regions have access to the health care they
need. Earlier Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) from 2000-2015, focussed on specific
health conditions of maternal and child health, communicable diseases viz; HIV/AIDS, other
diseases like Tuberculosis, vector borne diseases like Malaria. What MDGs lacked was focus
with regard to entire health system and how they cater to health services for overall health
and wellbeing. SDGs 2030 agenda from 2015-2030 , has set the target towards focus on Uni-
versal Health Coverage (UHC), which includes access to health services and with financial
risk protection.
“Access to health services to ensure good health and wellbeing is a basic human right,
and so Sustainable Development Goals agenda ensures access to highest standards of
health services and health care”.
The most notable provision included in the SDG 2030 agenda is inclusion of
non-communicable diseases, mental health, substance abuse, addiction and injuries. Various
mechanism and framework as a part of implementation of health interventions are available
across the world viz; the WHO framework convention, World Bank UHC monitoring frame-
work. These frameworks are based on varied case studies and technical reviews, consultation
and discussion with country representatives, experts, global health care providers who help
in coming up with policy interventions, basic health services of quality to the population and
also covering the population with financial protection / health insurance. In order to moni-
tor the progress of SDG # III in terms of equitable health care outcomes and wellbeing,
global public health and sanitation to help build resilient and healthy, liveable societies -
data, indicators and health statistics are required to monitor, measure and compile the over-
all goal progress and efforts. For example WHO has considered various indicators such as
“life expectancy”, “healthy life expectancy” and “number of deaths before the age of 70”.
Such indicators help in knowing the progress towards not just goal 3 but in an indirect way
contribute in knowing and striving to achieve the agenda targets of other goals as well, for
example : SDG # 2 zero hunger, along with ending hunger and achieving food security,
improved food safety and nutrition are important for overall health and development, while
goal #6 provision of clean water and sanitation would reduce the number of deaths each year
caused by diarrhoeal diseases.
“The WHO Constitution has stated that the right to the highest attainable standard of health
is a fundamental right of every human being”.
WHO has grouped health-related indicators into the following seven areas :
Image Source : Google
Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health Infectious diseases
Non-communicable diseases and mental health
Injuries and violence
Universal health coverage and health systems
Environmental risks
Health risks and disease outbreaks

3. What does the UN SDGs targets set say
According to UN SDGs :
 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical
diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable dis-
eases
 By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases
through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being
 Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic
drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol
 By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents
 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services,
including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of re-
productive health into national strategies and programmes
 Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to qual-
ity essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable
essential medicines and vaccines for all
 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous
chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination
 Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Con-
vention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate
 Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communi-
cable and non-communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries,
provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the
Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which affirms the
right of developing countries to use to the full the provisions in the Agreement on
Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights regarding flexibilities to pro-
tect public health, and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all
 Substantially increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training
and retention of the health workforce in developing countries, especially in least
developed countries and small island developing States
 Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early
warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks.
By 2030 global maternal
mortality to be less than 70%
per 100,000 live births
Reduce neonatal mortality to
as low as 12 per 1,000 live
births and under 5 years of
age to at least as low as 25
per 1,000 live births
About 830 million die
each day due to complica-
tions in pregnancy and
child birth, though WHO
data mentions 43% reduc-
tion in maternal mortality
between 1990 - 2015.
1990 - 532 000
2015—303000
Ensuring every child
survive and thrive.
Since 2000, 48 million
children lives under 5 yrs
of age have been saved
from preventable causes.
Image Source : Google
Image Source : Google

4. Europe
Western Pacific
America
South East Asia
Eastern Mediterranean
Africa
0 20 40 60 80 100
Mortality Rate (per 1000 live births)
Under five mortality rate by age at death, WHO region,2015
Post-Natal
Neonatal
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0-4 5 -14 15-29 30-59 60+
MortalityRate(per100000population)
Age (in years)
Global Mortality Rate due tounintentional poisoining,, by age and
sex, 2015
Male
Female
Indicators for health services coverage
 Diabetes caused 1.6 million (2.8%) deaths in 2015, up from 1.0 million (1.8%) deaths in 2000.
 Globally injuries continue to kill 5 million people each year.
 Road traffic injuries have claimed about 3700 lives each day in 2015.
 Child Care : < 50% of children with suspected pneumonia in low income countries are taken to an
appropriate health provider.
 Health Worker Density : About 44% of WHO Member States report to have less than 1 physician
per 1000 population.
Data Source : WHO
Data Source : WHO

5. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Europe
Western Pacific
America
South East Asia
Eastern Mediterranean
Africa
Global
Mortality Rate (per 100 000 population)
Homiciderateby WHO region, globally, 2015
Female
Male
0 100 200 300
Africa
America
South East Asia
Europe
Eastern Mediterranean
Western Pacific
Global
TB and Malaria Incidence (per 100 000 population)
Malaria Incidence (per
100000 population)
TB Incidence (per 100
000 population)
76.0
91.0 87.0
93.0
80.0
94.0
52.3
67.3
60.5
68
60.1
68.7
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
Africa America South East Asia Europe Eastern
Mediterranean
Western Pacific
DPT Immunization coverage and Healthy life expectancy at birth
Diphtheria-tetanus-
pertussis (DTP3)
immunization
coverage among 1-
year-oldsi (%)
Healthy life
expectancy at birth
(years)
As per the UN SDGSs : The health goal (SDG 3) comprises 13 targets, including four listed as “means
-of-implementation” targets. Each target has one or two proposed indicators, with the exception of
SDG Target 3.3: “By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical
diseases and combat hepatitis, waterborne diseases and other communicable disease” which has five
indicators; and SDG Target 3.9: “By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses
from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination” which has three. With
a total of 26 indicators, the health goal has the largest number of proposed indicators of all the 17
SDGs.
Status : Key points
 Adequate sanitation :
68 % of the world’s popula-
tion had access to improved
sanitation facilities in 2015 .
 Access to skilled care :
78% is the estimated per-
centage of deliveries
attended by a skilled birth
attendant in 2016.
 Family planning
77% of women of reproduc-
tive age who were married
or in-union had their need
for family planning met
with a modern method met
in 2016.
 Life Expectancy
71.4 years was the average
life expectancy at birth of the
global population in 2015.
Data Source : WHO
Data Source : WHO
Data Source : WHO

6. 8756
6241
3190
3170
1685
Ischaemic heart disease
Stroke
LowerRespiratory Tract Infections
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease
Trachea Bronchus, Lung Cancers
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
Global Death Cause, 2015, WHO
2.72
0.30
0.16
0.47
0.13
0.09
0.50
NewHIV infections among adults 15–49 years old (per 1000 uninfected
population,WHO
Africa
America
SouthEastAsia
Europe
EasternMediterranean
WesternPacific
Global
80.2
20.3
119.9
64.2
58.8
133.5
92.4
43.1
1.5
20.1
0.6
13.1
0.8
12.4
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Africa America South East
Asia
Europe Eastern
Mediterranean
Western
Pacific
Global
Mortality Rate - Attributed to household and ambient air pollution and exposure to unsafe WASH services
Mortality rate attributed to
household and ambient air
pollution (per100 000 population)
Mortality rate attributed to
exposure tounsafe WASH services
(per100 000 population)
Data Source : WHO
Data Source : WHO
Data Source : WHO

7. In Spotlight - India : Progress and Way Forward
In Spotlight - Health and Wellbeing : Policy Interventions
 In March, this year Government of India, envisaged the National Health Policy, 2017 to
strengthen and prioritize health systems and investments in health, organization of healthcare
services, prevention of diseases and promotion of good health and wellbeing, access to technol-
ogy towards progress in ease of medical advancement, strengthening regulation and imple-
mentation framework and health insurance schemes to the people at large.
 The policy principles as per the health policy include : Ethics, integrity, equity, affordability,
patient centric and quality care, being accountable, decentralized, inclusive and adaptive and
dynamic..
 Progressive approach towards achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC).
 Reinforcement of trust in public health care systems.
 Private health care sector growth alignment with public health goals.
 Few of the flagship programmes under which the national policies are aligned to reach the tar-
get of UN SDGs include : National Rural Health Mission, National Urban Health Mission,
Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana, Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi, Rashtriya Swasthaya
Bima Yojna.
 The Health Index of WHO as an indicator for assessing the health outcomes.
 Healthcare infrastructure and systems for access to services for all.
As per achieving the SDGs in India report : Life expectancy at birth in India was at 66.3 years in
2012, which is 14 years lower than the OECD average of 80.2 years (OECD, 2014). India’s Infant
Mortality Rate at 43.2 deaths per 1000 live births in 2012 still lags behind the average of low and
middle income countries at 33 per 1000 in 2010-15(UNDESA, 2015).
 Progress in the number of vaccines under the Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP) and
launch of Mission Indradhanush aimed at expanding coverage reach.
 The proposal of National Health Protection Scheme (NHPS) that aiming at inclusion of pre-
ventive care, robust IT platform, strong grievance redressal mechanism.
 The National Mental Health Policy, 2014, envisaged as a part of implementation of target set.
 Focus on Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs).
 The draft National Indicator Framework (NIF) for SDGs by the Ministry of Statistics
and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) outline full immunisation coverage as a basic
tracking indicator for SDG 3 on health, and related to achievement of UHC for all.
 SDG index, was created by Bertelsmann Stiftung and the Sustainable Development Solution
Network (SDSN) to assist countries in getting started with implementing the new goals.
 Immunization coverage under national programmes as an important indicator to track
advancement towards child health-related SDGs.
Way forward : Right to health for all and ease of access.
Though health innovation has and is being undertaken, there are still wide gaps in health out-
comes between and within countries. Life expectancy variation between rich and poor, poor ac-
cess to healthcare, preventable infectious and chronic diseases.
 As per UN SDGs framework - Health in All Policies (HiAP) - approach that can link the goals,
means and priorities associated with health in the SDGs to those of other policies.
 Financial Policy intervention : Public and private sector employees are covered by payroll-tax
financed contributory schemes, and can often take the form of mandatory social health
insurance.
 Investment policy intervention : Investment and operating costs involved in improving the
functioning of the health systems will be high as external assistance will be critical for coun-
tries.
 Nutrition Policy : Policy intervention with regard to general nutrition strategy.
 Access to safe water and sanitation policy : Direct relation to health and well being.