PPTON METAL BY MEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE AND CLASS 88888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888865555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555202222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222222

1. METALS AND NON-METAL
CLASS 8

2. What are Metals ?
 Metals are minerals or substances that form naturally below the surface of
the Earth.
 Most metals are lustrous or shiny.
 Metals ate inorganic, which means they are made of substances that were
never alive.
 Metals are natural compounds of the earth's crust, in which they are
generally found in the form of metal ores, associated both with each other
and with many other elements. .
 They are also naturally present in the rocks washed by surface water and
groundwater and in atmospheric dust.

3. Examples of Metals :-
Copper
It is used in electrical
equipment .
Tin
It used for plating steel
cans .
Nickel
It is used to make coins.

4. Physical Properties of Metals
 Metals are hard to touch.
 Metals are lustrous ie., freshly Cut surfaces of metals have characteristic
shining.
 Metals are malleable; the property of metals by which they can be beaten
into thin sheets is called malleability.
 Metals are ductile; the property of metal by which it can be drawn into
wires is calledductility.
 Metals are sonorous ie, metals produce a ringing sound when struck on a
hard surface.
 Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.

5. Facts about Metals :-
 Metals like sodium and potassium are soft and can be cut with a knife.
 Mercury is the only metal that is found in the liquid state at room
temperature.
 Lithium metal has the lowest density.
 Platinum is the least reactive metal .
 Aluminium is the most abundant in earth's crust .

6. What are Non-Metals?
 Non-metals are the elements that form negative ions by accepting or
gaining electrons.
 Non-metals usually have 4, 5, 6 or 7 electrons in their outermost shell
 Non-metals are those which lack all the metallic attributes.
 They are good insulators of heat and electricity.
 They are mostly gases and sometimes liquid.
 Some of them are even solid at room temperatures like Carbon, sulphur
and phosphorus.

7. Examples of Non-Metal :-
Sulphur
It is used in the
vulcanisation of black
rubber .
Graphite {carbon}
It is used in pencils,
lubricants, crucibles .
Phosphorus
It is used in the production
of fine chinaware and
special glasses.

8. Physical Properties of Non-Metals
 Non-metals are soft and dull (eg, coal and sulphur).
 Non-metals are generally brittle, i.e., they break down
into a powdery mass on tappingwith a hammer.
 They are not sonorous.
 They are poor conductors of heat and electricity

9. MADE BY
PRABHNOOR KAUR
CLASS – 8TH