2. Growth of Urban Population
• Inventions and technological advance allowed
cities to grow
– Factories
– Skyscrapers
• Immigration – Most moved to the cities,
expanding population
– From 10 million to 54 million between 1870 and
1920
3. What is Urbanization?
• The movement of
people from farms
(rural areas) to
cities (urban
areas).
4. This is the topic of this section…
The Challenges of Urbanization
BIG IDEA –
The rapid growth of cities forced people to deal
with problems of housing, sanitation,
transportation, jobs, water, and sanitation.
5. Why did immigrants settle in cities?
• Cities were the cheapest places to live.
• It was closest to where they arrived in the
United States
– Especially in New York (Ellis Island)
• Factories offered many jobs to unskilled
laborers
6. Migration from Rural areas
• Many moved from rural areas because
– Technology reduced number of laborers needed
– Escape racial violence in the South
– Escape political oppression
– To seek better jobs
7. Urban Problems
• Housing – lack of available housing led to many
families living in tenements
• Poor people needed to get around = cities
developed mass transit such as subways and
street cars
• Water – Lack of piping in cities led to little or no
running water
• Diseases – Too many people in a small space, lack
of sanitation, medical care
• Sanitation = Garbage on streets, outhouses
• Crime
• Fires
17. How did Industrialization lead to
Urbanization?
• People started to move
close to their factory jobs.
This movement led to
bigger cities.
• Urbanization is an effect
of Industrialization.
18. How did Industrialization lead to
Pollution?
• Early factories polluted a
lot.
• Cities in the 1800s were
incredibly polluted.
• Living conditions were
usually very bad.
19. How did Industrialization lead to
Consumerism (Shopping)?
• Machines make things
faster and cheaper.
• Steamboats, trains, and
canals mean they are
moved faster and cheaper.
• People can now buy more.
