3. Nursing diagnosis
� Actual or potential health problems that can be prevented or
resolved by independent nursing intervention are termed as
nursing diagnosis.
� NANDA-I North American Nursing Diagnosis Association-
International
4. Purpose o diagnosing
� Identify how an individual, group, or
community responds to actual or potential
health and life processes,
� Identify factors (etiologies), and
� Identify resources or strength the individual,
group or community can draw on to prevent
or resolve problem
5. Diagnosis:
� Interpret and analyse patient data
� Identify patient strength
� Formulate and validate nursing diagnosis
� Develop a prioritized list of nursing diagnosis
� Detect and refer signs and symptoms that
may indicate a problem beyond the nurses’
experience
6. Difference between the Medical and
Nursing diagnosis
MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS:
� Identification of disease condition based on a
specific evaluation of physical signs and symptom,
a patient’s medical history, and the result of
diagnostic test and procedure
� A medical diagnosis stay constant as a condition
remains.
� Physicians are licensed to treat disease and
condition described in medical diagnostic
statements.
� An advanced nursing practitioner can also perform
medical diagnosis
7. Nursing Diagnosis
� It is clinical judgment concerning a human
response to health conditions life processes or
vulnerability for that response by an individual,
family of community that a nurse is licensed
and competent to treat. – Herdman and
Kamitsuru, 2014
� For example, acute pain is a response to an
injury such as a surgical procedure or chemical
burn.
� Nurses are licensed to treat acute pain .
8. Collaborative diagnosis
� It is an actual or potential physiological
complication that nurses monitor to detect the
onset of changes in a patient’s health status.
� When collaborative problem develops, nurses
intervene in collaboration with personnel from
other health care disciplines.
� Example: nurses manage the collaborative
problems such as hemorrhage, infection and
paralysis using medical, nursing and allied
(e.g: physical therapy) interventions
9. Medical Diagnosis Nursing Diagnosis
Identify disease
Focuses on unhealthy response to health and
illness
Describes problem for which the physician directs
the primary treatment
Describes problems treated by nurses within the
scope of independent nursing practice
Remains the same as long as the disease present May change from day to day
Example: Myocardial infarction
Same patient with MI the nursing diagnosis are:
1. Fear
2. Altered health maintenance
3. Knowledge deficit
4. Pain
5. Altered tissue perfusion
10. Unique focus of Nursing Diagnosis
� In the diagnosing step of the nursing process,
the nurse identification nursing’s unique
concern for a patient
� Nursing diagnosis are written that nurse can
treat patient independently
� Alfaro - LeFevre (2006) in her book describes
the shift diagnosis and treat (DT) to predict,
prevent, manage and promote (PPMP)
� It requires three main nurses activity
11. Nurses Role in Nurse Diagnosis
In the presence of known problem
• Prevent them
• Manage them in case they cannot be prevented
Whether the problem present are not
• Identify the risk factors
• Aim in reduce and control them, thereby preventing the
problem themself
In all situation encourage behaviour
• That promote optimum function, independence
• Sense of wellbeing
12. Type of Nursing Diagnosis
Types
of
nursing
diagnosis
Problem
focused
Risk
Health
promotion
13. A problem focused nursing diagnosis
� Describes a clinical judgment concerning an
undesirable human response to a health
condition/life process that exists in an individual,
family or community
14. � 1. Defining characteristics: observable
assessment cues such as patient behaviour,
physical signs that supports each problem-
focused diagnostic judgment
� 2. Related factor: is an causative factor for the
diagnosis
� Example: S/N. Tina assessed Mr. Rajeev
having discomfort in the colectomy incision. He
rated pain 7 out of 10 in pain scale and was
grimacing. He guarded incision area that was
tender.
� NURSING DIAGNOSIS: Acute pain related to
trauma of incision site
15. Risk Nursing diagnosis
� It is a clinical judgment concerning the
vulnerability of an individual, family, group or
community for developing an undesirable
human response to health condition/ life
process
� There is no related factor or defining
characters
� Instead it has risk factors (environmental,
physiological, psychological, genetic or
chemical)
16. Health promotion nursing diagnosis
� It is a clinical judgment concerning a patient
motivation and desire to increase wellbeing
and actualize human health potential
� Example:
� 1. Readiness for enhanced family coping
� 2. readiness for enhanced nutrition
