Privately Protected Marine Areas - Why do we need them? Sybille Reidmiller, Founder, Chumbe Island Coral Park (CHICOP), GIZ Blue Solutions Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania

1. Privately Protected Marine Areas –
Why do we need them?
Sibylle Riedmiller, Chumbe Island Coral Park, www.chumbeisland.com

2. • 25% of the world’s
marine fish species
• Livelihood for
500 million people
• < 45% still healthy
…but threatened & disappearing
• ~19% already dead
(coral bleaching, over/destructive fishing,
pollution)
By 2020: at least 10%2020: at least 10% of coastal & marine areas protected
2017:2017: 13.2%13.2% under national jurisdiction covered,
5.3%5.3% of the total global ocean area
Worldwide Coral Reef Crisis

3. States are failing conservation
• Poor PA governancePoor PA governance, “Paper parks“,
PA Degrading, Down-sizing and
Degazettement (PADDD)
• Common myth “PAs are a luxury“Common myth “PAs are a luxury“
that need to be subsidized
• PAs massively subsidize government
budgets, mostly through tourismtourism
• Lack of no-take zones
• Lack of funding
Tourism can directly support coral reef conservation
Most MPAs are not functional
• Poor enforcement
• Lack of community involvement
Balmford / IUCN (2015)
556 state-run PA’s
51 countries

4. Chumbe Island Coral Park - Zanzibar/Tanzania
Privately Protected Marine Park under “MCA”Privately Protected Marine Park under “MCA”
• Not-for-profitNot-for-profit social biz: 100% financed by
ecotourism since 2000
• Management PlansManagement Plans 1995-2027
• Environmental Education programEnvironmental Education program
> 7.200 pupils, 1.200 teachers, 860 community
members
• Multi-Award-winning & certified as GER by TLR
• Recognition as exemplary PES - UN Secretary
Report on Coral Reefs for Rio+20
• Exceptional biodiversity
• Effective management

5. MPA = ‘Spill-over effect’
• TerrestrialTerrestrial (potential human-wildlife conflicts)
versusversus marinemarine: re-stocking adjacent areas,
fishers benefit directly
• Good potential for alliance between fishers &
PPA tourism investors, attractive investmentattractive investment if
conditions favourable
Landmark Resolution 36, 2016
Supporting PPAs
• Include PPAs in reporting about protected area coverageInclude PPAs in reporting about protected area coverage to
WDPA & CBD
• Adopt policies that recognise, encourage and monitor PPAsAdopt policies that recognise, encourage and monitor PPAs as
key contribution to national and international conservation targets
• Integrate PPAsIntegrate PPAs into national, provincial and local PA systems
• Create or promote legal and financial incentivesCreate or promote legal and financial incentives for
maintenance and strengthening of PPAs

6. National policies to be addressed
• Conservation policies, laws & regulationsConservation policies, laws & regulations to allow & encourage
PPAs & Marine Conservation Agreements (MCA)
• Land tenure rightsLand tenure rights: improve security of tenure for PPAs
• Investment policiesInvestment policies: improve biz climate for PPAs
• Tourism policiesTourism policies: Mainstream sustainable & socially responsible
tourism
• Tax lawsTax laws: create incentives for PPAs, e.g. PES
For our Blue Planet
Change the policies,Change the policies,
not the climate!not the climate!

7. National policies to be addressed
• Conservation policies, laws & regulationsConservation policies, laws & regulations to allow & encourage
PPAs & Marine Conservation Agreements (MCA)
• Land tenure rightsLand tenure rights: improve security of tenure for PPAs
• Investment policiesInvestment policies: improve biz climate for PPAs
• Tourism policiesTourism policies: Mainstream sustainable & socially responsible
tourism
• Tax lawsTax laws: create incentives for PPAs, e.g. PES
For our Blue Planet
Change the policies,Change the policies,
not the climate!not the climate!