A Territorial Approach to the SDGs
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•64 views
Ms Aziza Akhmouch, OECD
Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (19)
Similar to A Territorial Approach to the SDGs
Similar to A Territorial Approach to the SDGs (20)
More from OECDregions
More from OECDregions (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
A Territorial Approach to the SDGs
- 1. Aziza Akhmouch Head of Division, CFE/CITY 13th Meeting of the OECD Water Governance Initiative, 9 January 2020 A Territorial Approach to the Sustainable Development Goals
- 2. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) A Global Agenda for 2015-2030
- 3. Key objectives Province of Córdoba | Argentina Region of Flanders | Belgium Region of Southern Denmark | Denmark City of Kitakyushu | Japan City of Bonn | Germany Municipality of Kópavogur |Iceland County of Viken | Norway City of Moscow| Russian Federation State of Paraná| Brazil • Where cities and regions stand for relevant SDGs against national average • How cities & regions compare against peers (standardised, comparable framework) MEASURE SHARE & GUIDE • Multi-stakeholder dialogues across 9 pilot regions and cities • OECD Roundtable on Cities and Regions for the SDGs • Checklist for public action LEARN • How SDGs are used as a means to reshape policies from the ground up • How SDGs help manage trade-offs, plan, prioritise investment & allocate budget • How SDGs help strengthen multi-level governance and coordination
- 4. WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED?
- 5. A Territorial Approach to the SDGs From “compliance” to “place-based” innovations ! Urbanisation Climate change Migration Geography of discontent Ageing Digitalisation TERRITORIALISATION WHAT HOW WHO People Peace Partnership Prosperity Planet OUTCOMESACTIONS Evaluating Actors Policies & strategies Tools MEGRATRENDS • Setting a vision • Planning • Budgeting • Sharing data • Building capacity • Engaging • Evaluating Global National Regional Local
- 6. Select examples from pilot cities & regions Shaping a new regional development strategy in Southern Denmark Assessing Inter-linkages & synergies in Córdoba, Argentina Linking Planet to People & Prosperity in Kitakyushu, Japan
- 7. Source: CoR-OECD Survey (2019) The key contribution of regions and cities to sustainable development Environment-related SDGs are the top priorities for European Cities & Regions 73% 67% 63% 56% 54% 54% 47% 45% 42% 39% 20% Environment, green infrastructure, sustainable management of forests (SDGs 6, 15) Renewable energy (excluding incineration, and using waste-to-energy process as a last resort), local energy (SDGs 7, 13) Clean/soft mobility, air pollution (SDGs 13, 11) Sustainable consumption, food waste, behavior change (SDGs 2, 12) Social policies, poverty, malnutrition, well-being for all at all ages, healthy living (SDGs 1-6, 8,10) Participative projects, budget (SDGs 10, 11, 16, 17) Agriculture, sustainable food production, resilient agricultural practices (SDGs 3, 15) Sustainable food, healthy diets (SDGs 2, 3) Development cooperation, to help cities and regions from developing countries (all SDGs) Economic policies (bioeconomy, economic action integrating SDGs) (SDGs 8, 9, 10, 15) Marine pollution, sustainable tourism and fishing practices, ocean conservation (SDG 14) Sectoral Priorities Environment, green infra, sustainable management of forests Renewable energy, local energy Clean/soft mobility, air pollution Sustainable consumption, food waste, behaviour change Social policies, poverty, malnutrition, well-being Participatory projects, budget Agriculture, sustainable food production, resilient agricultural practices Sustainable food, healthy diets Development cooperation Economic policies Marine pollution, sustainable tourism & fishing practices, ocean conservation
- 8. WHAT HAVE WE MEASURED?
- 9. 120+ indicators to measure 61/103 targets identified as place-relevant (cities/regions) and OECD-relevant % of OECD-relevant SDGs Targets with indicators for Regions and Cities
- 10. • Regional Explorer https://stats.oecd.org/OECDregionalstatistics/#story=0 • Regional Well-being http://www.oecdregionalwellbeing.org • Metro Explorer http://measuringurban.oecd.org/ Where did we get the data? OECD Regional and Metropolitan databases (but not only) Regional- covers first and second administrative tiers of subnational government Metropolitan- covers functional urban areas of more than 250k inhabitants
- 11. Additional local & regional data sources to bridge identified gaps A Questionnaire to National Statistical Offices Obesity rate Pupils and students enrolment Women victims of physical or sexual violence (%); and Women Mayors (%) Population connected to at least secondary wastewater treatment (%) Final energy consumption per capita Municipal waste that is recycled (%) Data from other sources or modelled • GHS Grids: Built-up area growth relative to population growth • Gallup World Poll: Feeling of Safety (%) (among others) • World Database on Protected Areas: Protected terrestrial and coastal areas • OECD-ITF Database: Performance of public transport network (among others) • Global Database of Power Plants: Percent of electricity that comes from coal (among others)
- 12. Spotlight on preliminary (aggregate) results for “TL2 regions” Distance of OECD Regions to the end values for 2030, by Goal Share of regions that have not achieved the end values for 2030, by goal
- 13. A new OECD online tool on Localising the SDGs data
- 16. • SDG 6 acknowledges that the protection of water-related ecosystems is crucial for a sustainable water supply management • Challenges – Total lack of harmonised/comparable data at the subnational level – Overall lack of disaggregate territorial data in national voluntary reviews / reporting mechanisms • Indicator(s) for cities and regions – change in water bodies (rivers, lakes or dams) from 1992 to 2015 (%) that captures the change in availability of water supplies. – (forthcoming) % of population connected to at least secondary wastewater treatment (low coverage) • Findings – Large disparities across cities and regions (within a same country, and across OECD countries) – 96% of Cities have experienced an important decline in the availability of their water bodies in the last 20 years – Turku (Finland), Stockholm (Sweden), Antwerp (Belgium), and Tokushima (Japan) are the most affected in the sample – > 90% of regions in OECD countries have not met SDG 6 yet SDG 6 – Clean Water and Sanitation
- 17. Large disparities in connection to wastewater infrastructure of quality Vienna Seoul Region Kansai region Madrid, Murcia, La Rioja, Navarra Prague Lisbon Metropolitan area Île-de-France Central Hungary Pomerania Bratislava Region Oslo and Akershus Bolzano-Bozen Province Upper Austria Gyeongbuk Region Shikoku Asturias Northeast Azores Mayotte Southern GreatPlain Lublin Province West Slovakia Northern Norway Sicily 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Austria (9 regions) Korea (7 regions) Japan (10 regions) Spain (17 regions) Czech Republic (8 regions) Portugal (6 regions) France (17 regions) Hungary (7 regions) Poland (16 regions) Slovak Republic (4 regions) Norway (7 regions) Italy (21 regions) % Maximumregion National average Minimun region In average 80% of the population is connected to at least secondary wastewater treatment, but in some regions less than 40%
- 18. HOW TO ENGAGE ACROSS LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT FOR THE SDGS TO GUIDE POLICIES EFFECTIVELY?
- 19. A Checklist for Public Action to engage cities & regions in the SDGs Planning, Policies & Strategies Financing and budgeting Multi-level governance Stakeholder Engagement Data & information
- 20. THANK YOU!
Editor's Notes
- Which are the opportunities offered by SDGs to cities and regions? The SDGs provide a key framework to re-orient existing strategies and plans as well as to shape new ones towards sustainable development. At the same time, they can help identify place-based priorities for the strategies and plans; The SDGs allow going beyond a silo approach and promote synergies among sectoral policies. The interconnected and indivisible nature of the SDGs can contribute to promote horizontal coordination among sectoral policies and to strengthen the linkages among social, economic and environmental dimensions; The SDGs can help cities and regions improve vertical coordination with other levels of government, in particular with their national governments. They can be used to align priorities – for example some cities and regions are prioritising their goals/targets starting from the prioritisation conducted by their national governments; The SDGs are a powerful tool to strengthen partnership with private sector. Private companies are increasingly integrating the SDGs into their core business, going beyond corporate social responsibility. The SDGs therefore can become a common framework and language to develop private-public partnerships; The SDGs are becoming a tool to engage and institutionalise processes with the civil society and citizens, in particular the youth. This can lead to co-designing visions and strategies with territorial stakeholders. It also enhances accountability and transparency in the policy-making process; The SDGs indicators framework allows pushing forward the statistical frontier. It also provides a common sets of targets and indicators that allow cities and regions for benchmarking with national averages and with their peers; The SDGs are starting to be used as a tool for budgeting, both by national and sub-national governments. Cities and regions are allocating resources based on the prioritised goals/targets. This also allows to allocate resources not only by traditional sectors, but also by integrated multi-sectoral programmes and priorities; The SDGs can represent also a powerful tool to implement national territorial reforms (e.g. merging municipalities and counties) and promote inter-territorial cooperation, going beyond administrative borders and promoting a functional approach to address key local challenges (e.g. transport, mobility, waste management, among others). Cities and regions engaging with the SDGs should not consider the 2030 Agenda as an additional agenda on top of all the others, but as a framework to improve strategies, policies and their implementation. A universal approach : It is no longer about the “West” and “the rest” … A tool for policy making : going beyond the compliance agenda to: Set a vision Plan coherently and consistently Rethink local and regional development priorities Prioritise Investment Allocation budget Manage trade-offs Engage stakeholders A need to go granular: national averages mask disparities within countries A shared responsibility : all levels of government and segments of society
- OECD Action Plan on SDGs: i) key role of subnational governments and ii) need to look beyond national averages Leaving no one behind is a shared responsibility 100 out of the 169 SDGs targets require subnational governments to be achieved Subnational governments responsible for almost 60% of total public investment in 2016 in OECD area and for almost 37% worldwide SDG11 on cities is central, but we need a territorial lens for all SDGs SDGs are a means to promote policy coherence and manage trade-offs A Territorial Approach helps to prioritize, plan and budget
- A Territorial Approach to the SDGs: From “compliance” requirements to “place-based” innovations
- Key findings from pilots Using the SDGs as a checklist for ongoing programmes and activities (e.g. Moscow); Adapting existing strategies/plans to the SDGs (e.g. Flanders, Cordoba, Parana); Developing new plans/ strategies though the SDGs (e.g. Bonn, Southern Denmark, Kitakyushu, Kopavogur, Viken).
- From 13 December 2018 to 1 March 2019, the European Committee of the Regions (CoR) and the OECD carried out an online survey on "The key contribution of regions and cities to sustainable development”. The survey gathered valid answers from 400 respondents Level of Awareness: 59% of respondents are familiar with the SDGs and currently working to implement them. . Among respondents representing regions or large or medium cities (more than 50 000 inhabitants) this share rises to approximately 80% or more, while for small municipalities the share is 37%. In terms of sectors, the most common dimension of the SDGs tackled by respondents is the environment (73%), closely followed by energy (67%) and mobility (63%): environmental bias in EU cities/regions Sustainable consumption, social policies and participative projects also scoring high (more than 50% of respondents). The diversity of sectors receiving high scores highlights that the cross-sectoral and multi-dimensional nature of sustainability and of the SDGs is taken into account
- The OECD estimates that at least 103 out of the 169 SDGs targets require the full engagement and participation of subnational governments to be achieved in all OECD regions and cities. Process to develop the framework: I) What targets and indicators are relevant at the subnational scale? Place-relevant vs. place-neutral ii) What targets and indicators are relevant in OECD countries? Developed vs. developing country At Which Scale? Regions: first administrative tier of subnational government or TL2 Large Regions. Coverage: 600+ TL2 Large Regions of 48 countries (36 OECD and 12 partners): 400 OECD TL2 large Regions + TL2 large Regions of 5 LAC countries, 5 EU28 countries, Tunisia and Russia Cities: Metropolitan areas or Functional Urban Areas of more than 250K people. Coverage: 600+ FUAs of 33 OECD countries and Colombia 628 OECD FUAs + FUAs of Colombia + Combination of Functional and Administrative Data. Figure on % of sub-national targets with indicators for regions and cities -More than 120 indicators that allow to cover at least one aspect of each of the 17 SDGs for both regions and cities -However, the coverage is higher for regions than for cities. While 113 indicators (covering 60% of the SDG Subnational Targets) are available for regions, only 48 indicators (covering 33% of the SDG Subnational Targets) are currently available for cities. -The coverage also varies across goals. Whereas Goals 3, 16 and 8 have indicators for at least 70% of the selected Targets, Goals 12, 13 and 14 have indicators for less than one third of the selected Targets.
- 398 Subnational administrations (TL2) 2,251 Tier 3 subnational administrations (TL3) Classification of TL3 regions: Based on rurality Based on relation to a functional urban area 649 Functional urban areas 250k+ inhabitants Coverage from 2000-2016 Coverage 33 OECD countries + Colombia
- Obesity rate is the percentage of population 15 years old or more with a Body Mass Index (BMI)>30 kg/m2. Pupils and student enrolment in public or private institutions by age group (5-14, 15-19, 20-29,30-39, >40, and Total). Share of women aged 15 years old or more who experienced physical and sexual violence within 12 last months. Final energy consumption in households per capita (in kg of oil equivalent). Percentage of population connected to wastewater treatment systems with at least secondary treatment. Recycled waste: waste that undergoes material or other forms of recycling (including energy recovery and composting).
- The average distance of OECD regions to the end values for 2030 varies across the 17 Goals and ranges from 25 to 60% of the total possible distance to achieve the desired outcomes. The average distance of a region or city to an end value is the remaining trajectory the region or city has to travel as a percent of the longest distance a region or city could face in a given indicator or index. While the average distance to achieve Goals 8 “Decent work”, 11 “Sustainable cities”, 16 “Peace and Institutions”, and 1 “No poverty” is on average less than 30% of the total possible trajectory, Goals 13 “Climate action”, 9 “Industry and innovation”, and 14 “Life below water” are, on average, slightly above halfway from the end values. In Goal 10 (Reduced inequalities), Goal 12 (Responsible consumption), Goal 3 (Good health) and Goal 17 (Partnerships for SDGs), regions are, on average, one third of the way to reach the end values for 2030 In all the 17 Goals, at least 75% of OECD regions have not achieved the end values for 2030. Not a single region in the OECD has achieved the end values set for Goal 5 on gender equality (which requires a 0 gender gap in both employment rate and part-time job incidence), and only around 12% of OECD regions have achieved the end values of Goal 11 on “Sustainable cities” and Goal 12 on “Responsible consumption” (both Goals with two indicators). The figure (second figure in the slide) also presents the average distance of the lagging regions – regions that have not achieved the end value – by Goal. Goal 13 (Climate action), 9 (Industry and innovation), 14 (Life below water) and 7 (Clean energy) display the largest distances to the end values for lagging regions, with an average distance above the 50%. Goal 7 about clean energy displays high regional disparities in distances to the objective. While 15% of the regions have completed the Goal’s end value (therefore having a distance to travel equal to zero), the remaining 85% of regions are halfway to the end values for 2030 (i.e., 75% of electricity coming from renewable energy and 0% of electricity coming from coal).
- Planning, Policies and Strategies Use the SDGs to address concrete local challenges, such as sustainable mobility, housing, provision of green spaces, balanced urban development, waste management, ageing population, among others; Define and shape local and regional development visions, strategies, plans as well as re-orient existing ones using the SDGs as a guiding framework; Identify place-based priorities through the SDGs following a participatory and multi stakeholder process. The number of priorities should be manageable (e.g. not more than 8). The priority targets identified by the national government (when identified) could be a starting point; Use the SDGs to promote synergies and manage trade-offs among sectoral policies to overcome silos and fragmentation, linking social, economic and environmental dimensions either at goal or at target level. Combine stakeholder consultation with scientific evidence through a matrix to prioritise actions to manage synergies and trade-offs in the implementation of the SDGs. Carry out network analyses or analysing “planetary boundaries” are other ways to tackle the interlinked nature of the SDGs. Online information and management systems can help to carry out complex analyses of interlinkages. Design and implement international cooperation activities through the SDGs. The universality of the 2030 Agenda represents a key opportunity to better connect the “internal” activities for sustainability with the international cooperation actions, focusing on the SDGs where the city has a comparative advantage and knowledge/good practices to share with its peers. Multi-level governance Use the SDGS to promote vertical coordination across national, regional and local levels of government and to align priorities, incentives, objectives and resources; Engage regions and cities in the Voluntary National Reviews process to strengthen vertical coordination and monitoring of the goals. Voluntary Local Reviews further provide an opportunity to engage national government locally and to build indicator frameworks that align national and sub-national monitoring of the SDGs. Develop capacity buildings programmes across government levels to build capacity among cities and regions that are less prone to use the SDGs, including small and medium size cities. National enabling frameworks like those in Germany and Japan can help to spread frontrunners’ models that can be replicated across municipalities. Identify and test new governance models to experiment with holistic policy-making processes involving multiple stakeholders. Yet, the tradition of sector-based planning is often deeply rooted in and can be further exacerbated by national sector policies. To realise the transformative potential of the agenda, the SDGs should be promoted as a holistic framework. Use the SDGs to implement national territorial reforms and promote cooperation across administrative borders with a functional approach Financing and budgeting Integrate the SDGs in budgeting processes and management responsibilities to ensure adequate continuity once the SDGs strategy has been developed, beyond political cycles Drive better decisions related to budgeting by national and sub-national governments through allocating resources based on the prioritised goals/targets, fostering integrated multi-sectoral programmes and priorities; Attract new investors using the SDGs to bridge the priorities and communication gaps between public and private actors. Investor perspective is often absent in the process of defining sustainable city plans and strategies. This leads to a mismatch in priorities, creates barriers to implementation, and misses opportunities to create shared value and impact. Including the investor perspective early-on in the development process will help to bridge existing gaps between the public sector and private solution providers. Use sustainable public procurement as a tool to achieve social and environmental outcomes aligned with the SDGs. To maximise this potential, public procurement offices need to be aware of the potential benefits of SPP and the mind-set of “lowest price only” needs to change. In addition, there is need for more market intelligence matching procurers and companies offering sustainable products and services. Networks of champion cities can help to advance this trend. Data and Information Strengthen the indicators system to monitor progress to guide the policies and the actions. The SDGs offer an integrated framework to improve the monitoring and evaluation culture of the city and the baseline information for benchmarking; Combine administrative and functional data and indicators for more comprehensive analyses and policy responses in areas that goes beyond the administrative boundaries, such as Document better local and regional performance, pushing forward the statistical frontier if a common sets of targets and indicators can allow cities and regions see where they stand with national averages and their peers; Use the indicators to “tell a story” about the city/region actions on the SDGs, develop user-friendly Open Data portals can help to increase transparency of the actions towards the SDGs, where contributions by different actors can be showcased Engagement Engage civil society and citizens, in particular the youth, to institutionalise a process towards 2030 and to co-design visions and strategies with territorial stakeholders, enhances accountability and transparency in the policy-making process; Use the SDGs as a tool for “public service motivation” and to attract new staff to services like pre-school education and social welfare Identify and put in place appropriate frameworks to support and scale up initiatives that involves schools, civil society and academia in the implementation of the SDGS in a more systemic way Support private sector contribution to the SDGs incentivising public-private partnerships. Use a combination of various tools, from raising awareness about the SDGs and providing networking opportunities among local business, to de-risking investment in SDG challenges by providing for example grants or loans, or a combination of the two, or through fiscal incentive for innovative solutions towards sustainability