Major project report on MEASUREMENT, PROTECTION, SPEED CONTROL AND GRAPHICAL OBSERVATION OF DC MOTOR PARAMETERS BY ATMEGA-16 USING EMBEDDED SYSTEMS.

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SUBMITTEDBY:-
N.SAROJAKUMAR(1201210503)
DIGVIJAYKUMAR(01210537)
MANIKANAYAK(1201210527)
22nd APRIL 2016
Measurement,protectionand graphical observationof dc motor parameters
by atmega-16 using embedded system
1
GUIDEDBY:-
MR.MANOJ Kumar SWAIN
ASST.PROFFESSOR
departmentof EEE

2. CONTENTS:-
• ABSTRACT
• INTRODUCTION
• COMPONENTS USED
• ATMEGA16
• CURRENT SENSOR
• IR SENSOR
• WORKING PRINCIPLE
• BLOCK DIAGRAM
• CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• SOFTWARE USED
• APPLICATION
• ADVANTAGES
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
• THANK YOU
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ABSTRACT-
•The objective of the present paper is to design a
circuit which is applicable for multiple purposes of a
dc motor.
•DC motors are widely used not only in the industries
but also in daily life applications like drills, shapers,
vacuum cleaner, spinning and weaving machines etc.
So it is required to observe the basic parameters like
voltage, current, speed and torque by measuring the
values of those parameters.
• The experimental values are measured using
different techniques and displayed in a 16x4 LCD.
• Two graphs have been plotted in graphical LCD by
taking the respective parameter values.

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INTRODUCTION-
•The main objective of this project is to measure, protect, speed control and
graphical observation of different parameters of a DC motor with a minimum
cost,portable, reliable, easy operation and low power application.
•Large scale industries use different electric panels for controlling and smooth
operation of high voltage DC motors. But it is difficult to invest that much of huge
amount in small industrial labs, institutional labs, research centers, robotics clubs
etc.
•It is neither affordable to use for daily life appliances like drills, hair driers, mixer,
sewing machines, vacuum cleaners nor in small business purposed motor
applications like lathes, boring mills, spinning and weaving machines, elevators,
etc.
•So power electronics components and technology can be used both for
improving the performance of the motor and implementation in its practical fields
with the protection of the motor.

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COMPONENT USED-
•ATMEGA16 microcontroller
•IR sensor
•Current sensor
•Motor driver
•DC motor
•16X4 lcd
•Graphical lcd
•Voltage regulator
•Led
•Capacitor
•Resistor
•LCD Preset

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ATMEGA16-
ATMEGA16 PIN DESCRIPTION

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ATMEGA16 DESCRIPTION-
•The AVR architecture was conceived by two
students at the Norwegian Institute of
Technology (NTH), Alf-Egil Bogen and Vegard
Wollan.
•The AVR is a modified Harvard architecture
8-bit RISC single-chip microcontroller, which
was developed by Atmel in 1996. The AVR
was one of the first microcontroller families to
use on-chip flash memory for program
storage, as opposed to one-time
programmable ROM, EPROM
or EEPROM used by other microcontrollers.

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•A current sensor is a device that
detects electric current(AC or DC) in a
wire, and generates a signal proportional
to it.
• The generated signal could be analog
voltage or current or even digital output.
• It can be then utilized to display the
measured current in an ammeter or can
be stored for further analysis in a data
acquisition system or can be utilized for
control purpose.
CURRENT SENSOR-

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IR SENSORS-
•An infrared sensor is an electronic
instrument which is used to sense certain
characteristics of its surroundings by either
emitting and/or
detecting infrared radiation. Infrared
sensors are also capable of measuring the
heat being emitted by an object and detecting
motion.
•An IR sensor consists of an emitter, detector
and associated circuitry.
•The circuit required to make an IR sensor
consists of two parts; the emitter circuit and
the receiver circuit.

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WORKING PRINCIPLE-
The total project consists of four sections i.e.
A. Measurement of Parameters(V,I,N,T) of a DC Motor
• Voltage- Voltage divider circuit
• Current- ACS712 current sensor
• Speed- IR sensor
• Torque- Power (HP) = Torque x Speed (RPM) / 63,025
Power (kW) = Torque x Speed (RPM) / 9.548
B. Giving limit values for protection purpose
C. Displaying the values- 16x4 LCD
D. Graphical observation of respective
parameters(N~I, V~t)

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BLOCK DIAGRAM-

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM-

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SOFTWARE USED-
•AVR STUDIO 4
•SINA PROG
•WINAVR 2010
•USPasp DRIVER

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AVR STUDIO 4-
AVR STUDIO 4 is used for writing the program and compilation of the program.

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SINA PROG-
SYNAPSE PRO is used for the burning and simulation of the program.

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APPLICATION-
•ROBOTIC CONTROLS.
•SWING MACHINES.
•ELECTRONIC BIKES.
•WINDING MACHINES.
•DC OPERATED DRILL MACHINES.
•CNC MACHINES.
•MOBILE AIR CONDITION FANS.
•TOYS.
•ELCTRONIC DOOR CONTROLLERS.
•ELECTRONIC CHAIRS(beauty parlor etc.)

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ADVANTAGES-
•The voltage,current, torque and speed is measured
and shown on the display which gives us a better
option for using different devices.
•The different electronics curves like V~T curve,I~T
curve and N~T curve is shown on a graphical display.
•You can set the values for cut off of different
parameters like current,voltage etc and accordingly use
the devices.

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CONCLUSION-
•DC motors are the most important machines of
industries as these are used for the applications
starting from toys to the tracking system.
•So it is required to measure the different parameters
of dc motor like voltage, current, speed of dc motor.
•In this project the parameters will be measured
automatically by a microcontroller instead of
measuring manually by attaching the circuit to the
shaft of the motor. Also a graph will be taken with the
measurement for some observations.

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REFERENCES-
•Gopal K. Dubey, “Fundamentals of Electric Drives”,.Narosa Publishing House New
Delhi,1989.
• S. M. Bashi, I. Aris and S.H. Hamad “Development of Single Phase Induction
Motor Adjustable Speed Control Using M68HC11E-9 Microcontroller,” Journal of
Applied Sciences 5 (2), pp. 249-252 .
• Kumara MKSC, Dayananda PRD, Gunatillaka MDPR,Jayawickrama SS, “PC
based speed controlling of a dc motor”, A fmal year report University of Moratuwa
Illiniaus USA, 2001102.
•J Nicolai and T Castagnet , “A Flexible Microcontroller Based Chopper Driving a
Permanent Magnet DC Motor”, The European Power Electronics Application. 1993.
• J. Chiasson, Nonlinear Differential-Geometric Techniques for Control of a Series
DC Motor, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.vol 2, pp.35-42,1994.
• Yodyium Tipsuwan and Mo-Yuen Chow “FuzzyLogic microcontroller
implementation for DC motor speed control”, IEEE Transactions on Power
Electronics, V0l.11

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