KWASHIORKOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY PPT

1. KWASHIORKOR
RED BOY
By
Bhukya . NOM KUMAR NAIK.
2nd PHARM . D

2. A DEFINITION
B PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
C ETIOLOGY D PRECIPITATING FACTORS
E ASSEMENT (Signs & Symptoms) F CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
CONTENTS
G LABOURATORY FINDINGS

3. A DEFINITION
Protein deficiency with sufficient calorie
intake.
Or
a form of malnutrition caused by protein
deficiency in the diet, typically affecting
young children in the tropics.
1st described by "Cecily william "

4. B PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
2. Decreased in visceral protein Hypoalbuminemia.
3. Hypoalbuminemia Contributes to extra vascular
fluid accumulation. Impaired synthesis of beta -
lipoprotein.
4.Impaired in beta - lipoprotein Produced of fatty liver
.
1. Decreased in protein intake Decreased in
synthesis of visceral protein.

5. C ETIOLOGY
1. Dietary inadequancy .
2. Socio-economic status .
A. Poverty .
B.Ignorance .
C.Inadequate wearing practice .
D. Lack of basic health education .
E. Lack of nutritional knowledge .
F. Chaild abuse.

6. D PRECIPITATING FACTORS
1. Acute infections like "Acute infatile diarrhea".
2. Malaria and sever parasitic infections .
3. Aflatoxin (by MOULDS) poisoning (Damage liver
DNA )

7. E ASSESSMENT (Signs and Symptoms )
Clinical assessment of 'KWASHIORKOR' is devided into 3
types
They are : - 1. Constant manifestations
2. Usual Manifestation .
3. Occasional manifestation .
1. Constant manifestation : -
a). Growth retardation .
b). Edema .
c). Psychomotor changes.
d). Disturbed muscles (Muscle wasting ) / Fat
ratio.

8. 2.Usual manifestation : -
a). Hair changes .
b). GI Manifestation .
3. Occasional manifestation : -
a).Skin changes (Dermatosis).
b). Anemia .
c). Hepatomegly.
d). Poor resistance to liability to infection .
e). Associated deficiency of several type of
nutrition.
-- Riboflavin , Niacin , Thiamine
etc.....

9. F CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
Clinical manifestation is affected by
(i).The degree of deficiency .
(ii).The duration of deficiency .
(iii).The speed of onset.
(iv).The age of onset.
(v).The presence of conditioning factors .
(vi).The genetic factors .

10. G LABOURATORY FINDINGS
1. Reduced total plasma protein (<4mg/dl).
2. Reduced level of serum albumin (<2mg/dl).
3. Low total body potassium due to potassium losses by diarrhea
5. Total body Sodium is higher than normal serum sodium may be low
due to the excessive amount of water extracellular fluid compartment .
4. Urea in blood and urine is markedly reduced Bcz of deficient intake
of exogenous protein .

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