Classroom Action Research

1. C L A S R O O M A C T I O N
R E S E A R C H
By:
Amik Wulansari (12510174005)
Ariek Wahyuni (12510174008)
Olivia Hajar Assalma (12510174036)

2. WHAT IS CLASSROOM
ACTION RESEARCH ?
• CAR is a research design for improving the quality of
English teachers’ performance in teaching and students’
achievement in learning English in the classroom.
• Teachers evaluate the effectiveness of their teaching
activities and plan the improvement based on the result of
their evaluation.

3. WHAT ARE THE BACKGROUND
REASON FOR CONDUCTING
CAR?
• CAR is a kind of research begins with questions
about classroom experience, issues/problems,
challenges.
• CAR begins with classroom problem identification
and selection of the most prioritized problem to be
solved.

4. WHAT IS THE PRODUCT OF
CAR?
 The product of research is the answer to the research
problems that have been presented at the beginning of
the research.
 CAR always proposes a strategy to solve problems in the
classroom, so product is always an innovative
instructional strategy to solve the problems.

5. HOW TO STATE THE RESEARCH
PROBLEMS IN CAR?
 Research problems are the starting point for the research.
 The criteria of succes in CAR can create based on research problems
 Research problems in CAR reflect two things:
a. Solving the problems
b. Developing an innovative instructional strategy
 The most important part in CAR is the development of the instructional
strategy.

6. HOW MANY RESEARCH
QUESTIONS SHOULD A CAR
HAVE?
 Actually, one research problem is required because CAR has goal to
develop one strategy to solve classroom problems.
 This one research problem can be detailed into sub questions by
describing the stages in using the instructional strategy.
 For instance, “How can movies be used as a strategy in improving
the quality of Junior High School students’ writing skills in SMP 1
Malang?”, this research question may be detailed into sub questions:
1. How can movies be used as a strategy in improving the quality
of the process of activating schemata for Junior High School
students learning writing in SMP 1 Malang?

7. 2. How can movies be used as a strategy in improving the quality
of the process of brainstorming for Junior High School
students learning writing in SMP 1 Malang?
3. How can movies be used as a strategy in improving the quality
of the process of drafting for Junior High School students
learning writing in SMP 1 Malang?
4. How can movies be used as a strategy in improving the quality
of the process of editing for Junior High School students
learning writing in SMP 1 Malang?
5. How can movies be used as a strategy in improving the quality
of the process of publishing for Junior High School students
learning writing in SMP 1 Malang?

8. 1. Emphasizing on the problem solution:
 How can the skill of writing recount texts of the second
year students of SMP Negeri 3 Nganjuk in 2007/2008
academic year be improved through the implementation
of interactive experience?
2. Emphasizing on the development of instructional strategy:
 How can Picture Games strategy be developed to
increase the students’ participation in their learning
speaking?

9. •Classroom Action Research activities
involve repeated cycle. Those are;
Planning
Acting
Observing
Reflecting

10. Planning ObservingActing
Reflecting
Revised
Planning
ObservingActing
Reflecting

11. PLANNING
 Planning is a step to prepare the classroom instructional strategy to
be developed in the study to solve the instructional problems. It is the
first step before doing something.
 The planning is expected to be futuristic and flexible to face some
non-anticipated effects.
 The planning’s Principles;
 Specific
 Manageable
 Acceptable
 Realistic
 Time-bound

12. ACTING
• In this process of actually trying out the strategy to test
how much the strategy can solve the classroom problems.
• Acting can be applied by the persons who are involved in
the teaching method which the result also will be sure for
completing in doing assignment.

13. OBSERVING
• Observing is the process of collecting data indicating the
success of the strategy in solving the classroom
problems.
• In the observation, the researcher should take a note
about;
The process of action
The action’s effects
Environment
Some troubles

14. REFLECTING
• Reflecting is the process of analyzing data to determine
how far the data collected have shown the success of the
strategy in solving the problem.
• Reflecting consists of;
Analysis
Synthesis
Interpretation
Explanation
Conclusion

15. DATA COLLECTION AND THE
INSTRUMENTS IN CAR
• Data collected in CAR are all information related to the criteria
of success targeted in research.
• The data may in the form of numerical data or verbal
information.
• Numerical data include the result of test.
• Verbal data include students’ problem, classroom atmosphere,
students’ motivation, instructional strategy, behavior of students,
etc.
• CAR doesn’t belong to only qualitative or quantitative research,
because both type of data may be collected.

16. • The data on students’ English achievement can be collected using
English achievement tests developed based on the curicular
obejctive.
• The data on studeants’ problems, classroom atmosphere (verbal
information) can be collected using interview, observation,
documents, etc.
• An observation checklist to record the teacher-researcher’s
activities or to record students’ activities is not appropriate,
because teacher-researcher’s activities or students activities do not
always related to the criteria of success.
• The instruments that can be used to collect the data reflecting how
well a strategy can solve the problems is appropriate. It can be
delevoped based on the nature of data.

17. CRITERIA OF SUCCESS
• The success of learning English not only measured with the
achievement in learning skill (show the score), but instructional
strategy that creates classroom atmosphere that gives students joyful
learning experience can motivate the students to sustain life long self
learning.
• Instructional strategy can be called as effective or success if it is
practicality.
• Strategy which has expensive media and complicated procedure may
not attract any other teacher to apply it, but it can attract if it has
similar problems to solve.

18. CAR IS DIFFERENT FROM
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
CAR EXPERIMENTAL
To produce an innovative
instructional strategy.
To see the effectiveness of an
existing strategy.
The process of CAR is repeated
cycle until the strategy solves the
problems effectively.
In experimental there is no revision
on the strategy