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Sociology
The study of groups of individuals which form
a society and how they interact and behave
in society and the out comes their interaction.
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Psychology
The study of human behavior of how people
behave and why they behave in just the way
they do.
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Sociology:
The study of groups of individuals which
form the society and how they interact and
behave in the society and the outcomes of
these interactions.
FACTORS:
Affordability to a dental health services
Accessibility to dental health care service,
Acceptability of DHCS
Community participation
Sustainability of program
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Affordability of dental health services
In order to determine if the community can pay
directly or indirectly for the health care services,
there is a need to measure the socioeconomic
status to which the particular community belongs.
Methods are
1) Kuppu swamy’s classification in urban areas &
2) Uday Parekh socioeconomic classification in rural
areas
And another method of determining whether an
individual is above poverty line or below poverty
line.
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Accessibility to dental health care
service
Dental health care services are not easily
available in villages therefore provision of
DHC can be created only if there roads and
better communication for the villagers to
reach the cities this is called accessibility,
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Acceptability of dental health care
service
Even if the community based DHCS are
present then the sociological behavior of the
people is important in accepting this service
for their own use. This is called acceptability
of DHCS
For example: it is wrongly believed that
eating pan cleans the teeth.
This behavior can be changed by promoting
good social behavior.
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Community participation
For any community based dental health
program to remain successful, planning,
publicity, provision of facility for
the program,motivating others to use the
services and finally helping to suggest
methods of making the programs more
practical and useful.
To achieve this local help groups and local
women’s groups are trained.
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Sustainability of program
Most community based dental health
programs are started through external
funding of institutions and when the funding
stops the program is not continuous by the
people due the lack of finance, commitment,
training of local trainers, and lack of
continuous motivation
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In order to continue the program it is
important to train the local groups which will
generate funds for the program .
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Scope and use
Normal behavior.
What society expects from you to do.
And this may conflict with your present
behavior.
If a behavior is good then promote it.
If it harmless then leave it alone.
If it is harmful then you need to change the
behavior to suit a desired health behavior.
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Psychological behavior is different when an
individual is alone as compared to when
he/she is in groups.
For this you have to use different methods
while planning DHP.
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Factors
Age and sex
Skills and habits
Intelligence
Emotions
Beliefs and culture
Past Experience
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Behaviour during illness
Behaviour when healthy
Independent or married
Motivation
Attitude
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1:Age and sex
Children and women are more interested in
health and therefore are good target for
CDHP.
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Skills and habits:
Skills can be modified by training through
demonstrator and giving reasons for the
need to learn the new skills.
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Intelligence
Intelligence is either inborn or developed
through training.
The dental health care provider should also
develop the skills to modify the dental health
care program.
IQ= Mental Age *100
Chronological Age
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Emotion
Emotion is the strong feeling or reaction.
It motivate human behavior
It is characterized by both internal and
external changes.
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Beliefs and culture
Beliefs are what you trust in and these may
be harmful,harmless or beneficial.
The DHP must aim to remove the
harmful,promote the beneficial and leave the
harmless beliefs.
Culture is the behavior which is learnt from
childhood,from others in the community and
from family members.
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Past Experience
Past experience may be bad therefore any
attempt to change the behavior becomes
difficult.
So in any DHP past experience should be
considered. e.g.
Use of different tooth brushing techniques,
tooth powders and pastes,
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Past experience may also be pleasant and
these could be utilized to strengthen health
programs.
For these purpose detailed psychological
survey before planning health programs are
important.
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Behaviour during illness
When a person falls ill his or her Behaviour is
totally dependent on others and his or her
main goal is to remove the sign of illness as
early as possible.
So the dental health program must address
the immediate needs of solving and removing
the illness behavior and then moving the
patient towards healthy behavior.
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Behaviour when healthy
Healthy person gives least importance to any
dental problem as long as there are no signs
and symptoms which trouble him therefore it
is important to create a sense of
responsibilities towards preventive dental
health care in order to maintain healthy
behavior
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Independent or Married
When married the individual tends to be more
responsible and therefore more easily
agreeable to changing towards healthy dental
practice.
Therefore dental health program must aimed
more at their children so that parents
responds more positively toward health
programs because of there greater sense of
responsibility for their children’s health.
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Motivation
Inner face phenomenon
Drives individuals to certain action
May be positive or negative.
Positive motivation is more successful than
negative.
Contagious
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Attitude
The attitude of the community toward any
dental health program should be modified b/c
the community feels that dental health is far
less important then other illness.
This feeling of the community towards dental
health program needs to be modified.
For this the behavioral change method
should be the part of the community dental
health programs.
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Conclusion
The interactions b/w social factors and health
issues is dynamic complex some
unpredictable. Every society has its own
customs ,beliefs traditions and practices
which are important part of our environment.
It is stated generally that social sciences
intern behavioral sciences have been brought
to public health.
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In terms of studying psychology culture and
other aspects of human Behaviour
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References
http://www.ijrdh.com/files/2%20kuppuswamy.p
df
http://www.researchgate.net/post/How_do_yo
u_classify_people_in_regard_to_their_socioec
onomic_status
http://www.google.com.pk/search?
tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=eE0jUqeJJ4qL7Aa784Hg
BQ&q=rab+e+zidni+ilma&oq=rabe+zi&gs_l-
gws-
S S Hiremath
Joseph John
