12. Traditional Contemporary
• Focuses on the formal
logic or art of
reasoning through the
medium of language.
• Includes both symbolic
and informal logic.
• Formalized artificial
language or symbolic
calculus.
• Studies the structural
patterns of reasoning.
and starts with premises
that are assumed to be
true.
• Use only logical
rationales to derive a
conclusion.
and obey formal rules and
bivalent.
• involves the study of
classical syllogism.
• Uses Christian truth and
traditional views.
• Rhetorical and
dialectal
• Capture the
intricacies of
human statements
in a formal scientific
system.
• Modern views
about reality
• Both lead to a
conclusion and the
conclusion built
from premises.