CONGENITAL MALFORMATION OF UTERUS AND VAGINA 2.pptx
1.
2. INTRODUCTION
• UTERUS:-The hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's
pelvis.
SIZE:- 8 cm long, 5 cm across, and 4 mm thick.
FUNCTION :- nourish the developing fetus prior to birth.
• VAGINA:- The muscular canal that goes from the uterus to
the outside of the body.
SIZE:- 2.75 inches to about 3¼ inches.
FUNCTION :- 1. Passageway for blood and mucosal tissue.
2.Help in Capacitation.
3. Passageway for childbirth.
3.
4. ORIGIN
The uterus forms
during Mullerian organogenesis accompanied
by the development of the upper third of the
vagina, the cervix, and both fallopian tubes.
5. CONGENITAL MALFORMATION
OF UTERUS
• Congenital uterine anomalies are malformations of the
uterus that develop during embryonic life.
• It may be either hereditary or occuring during gestation and
evident at the time of birth.
• Development of female genital tract is a complex process
depend upon a series of event involving cellular
differentiation, migration , fusion and canalization. Failure of
any of these processes result in a congenital anomaly.
6. TYPES OF ANOMALY IN
UTERUS
Anomalies include:
• Septate: A normal external uterine surface but two endometrial
cavities
• Bicornuate: An abnormal, indented external uterine surface and
two endometrial cavities
• Arcuate: A normal external uterine surface with a 1 cm or less
indentation into the endometrial cavity
• Unicornuate: Only one half of the uterus has developed
• Didelphys: The two halves of the uterus remain separate
NOTE:-The septate uterus and bicornuate uterus are the most common
congenital uterine anomalies.
7.
8. CONGENITAL MALFORMATION
OF VAGINA
• Vaginal anomalies are a category of disorders occurring before
birth and involving abnormally formed or absent vaginas (the
closed muscular canals that extend from the outside of the
female genital area to the cervix, the neck of the uterus.) These
occur in about 5% of females
9. TYPES OF ANOMALY IN VAGINA
• Vaginal agenesis/atresia is a disorder present before
birth in which the vagina stops developing.
• Transverse vaginal septum is a wall of tissue that
blocks the vagina and is formed while a fetus is
developing in the womb.
• Longitudinal vaginal septum is a condition where
there is a wall of fibrous tissue that divides the vagina
into two halves.
10. ETIOLOGY OF ANOMALY IN
UTERUS AND VAGINA
• Failure of development.
• Failure of fusion or septal reabsorption of the Mullerian
ducts.
• Single-gene defects and chromosomal abnormalities.
• Exposures to medicines, chemicals, or other toxic
substances.
• Infections during pregnancy.
• Lack of certain nutrients.
11. DIAGNOSIS OF ANOMALY IN
UTERUS AND VAGINA
• Medical History.
• Physical Examination.
• Ultrasound screening.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
12. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
• Infertility.
• Dyspareunia:- Painful intercourse.
• Dysmenorrhoea :- Painful periods.
• Menorrhagia :- Prolonged bleeding.
• Cryptomenorrhoea :- Menstruation occurs but is not visible
due to an obstruction of the outflow tract.
13. MANAGEMENT
UTERUS ANOMALY :-
• Rudimentary horn excision to reduce ectopic pregnancy
risk.
• Unification operation in bicornuate and septate uterus.
• Hysteroscopic metroplasty- resection of an intrauterine
septum.(80-90% success rate)
VAGINA ANOMALY :-
• Spontaneous escape of dark tarry colored blood following
incision.
• Antibiotics should be given.
• Analgesics should be given.
14. NURSING MANAGEMENT
• Assess the condition of the women by collecting health
history, menstrual history and obstetrical history.
• Based on the of the condition plan for interventions.
• Educate the couple about the best possible treatment
of congenital malformation of vagina and uterus.
• Assure the couple about chances of fertility or
pregnancy.
• Educate about medication intake as prescribed by
doctor.
