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©University of Leeds 2019
Smart searching on the internet
When you are researching your extended essay you should start by taking your topic
or research question and breaking it down into the key terms.
You can then use these key terms to think of related words or phrases to use in an
online search.
In this activity you will think about the topic: “Impact of social media on teenagers’
mental health”.
The key terms are: “social media”, “teenagers” and “mental health”. These are the
essential components of the research question.
It is important to consider different ways of phrasing your question as you might miss
out on valuable sources. One way to do this is to use other search terms for your key
words.
As a guide, these alternatives could include:
 Plural versions of words.
 Different spellings of the same words.
 Words with a different, more precise or specific meaning (synonyms).
Depending on the scope of your essay, there may be additional search terms that
you want to include. For example, if you are only interested in researching the UK,
you may want to exclude US spellings or including United Kingdom, UK or Britain in
your search.
Let's see how using different terms can alter your searching.
What would make the best alternativesearch term?
Imagine your topic is: “impact of social media on teenagers’ mental health.” Replace
each of the key terms with an alternative.
Social media
In your search you should replace the words social media with another search term.
You could have searched using these terms:
 Instant messaging
 Whatsapp
©University of Leeds 2019
 Facebook
 Twitter
 Instagram
 Online
 Instant communications
 Personal messaging
 Sina Weibo
 WeChat.
These could help you discover materials related to a range of media types.
Teenagers
In your search you should replace the words teenagers with another search term.
You could have searched using these terms:
 adolescent
 13-19 year olds
 youth
©University of Leeds 2019
 young people
 teens
 minor
 boys
 girls
 youngster
 juvenile.
These are synonyms and key concepts which help you find materials related to a
broad definition of the word ‘teenagers’.
Mental health
In your search you should replace the words mental health with another search
term. You could have searched using these terms:
 depression
 anxiety
 confidence
 sad
 lonely
 self-esteem
 isolation
 behavioural problems
 unhappy
 emotional
 emotional disorder
 emotional instability.
These are synonyms which broaden your search related to the term ‘mental health’.
©University of Leeds 2019
Smartsearching
You have seen how altering your search terms can impact on the materials you find.
You might also use more specific search criteria. Some search engines and online
journals have “advanced search” functions where you can type in your search terms
to get more relevant or specific results.
These features allow you to:
 Search sources produced within a specified time-frame.
 Manage where your search terms appear in the page, for example, searching
only for pages where “tree bark” appears as a phrase, not as separate words.
 Specify which geographical region the results should be from.
 Specify what language you’d like the results in.

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  • 1. ©University of Leeds 2019 Smart searching on the internet When you are researching your extended essay you should start by taking your topic or research question and breaking it down into the key terms. You can then use these key terms to think of related words or phrases to use in an online search. In this activity you will think about the topic: “Impact of social media on teenagers’ mental health”. The key terms are: “social media”, “teenagers” and “mental health”. These are the essential components of the research question. It is important to consider different ways of phrasing your question as you might miss out on valuable sources. One way to do this is to use other search terms for your key words. As a guide, these alternatives could include:  Plural versions of words.  Different spellings of the same words.  Words with a different, more precise or specific meaning (synonyms). Depending on the scope of your essay, there may be additional search terms that you want to include. For example, if you are only interested in researching the UK, you may want to exclude US spellings or including United Kingdom, UK or Britain in your search. Let's see how using different terms can alter your searching. What would make the best alternativesearch term? Imagine your topic is: “impact of social media on teenagers’ mental health.” Replace each of the key terms with an alternative. Social media In your search you should replace the words social media with another search term. You could have searched using these terms:  Instant messaging  Whatsapp
  • 2. ©University of Leeds 2019  Facebook  Twitter  Instagram  Online  Instant communications  Personal messaging  Sina Weibo  WeChat. These could help you discover materials related to a range of media types. Teenagers In your search you should replace the words teenagers with another search term. You could have searched using these terms:  adolescent  13-19 year olds  youth
  • 3. ©University of Leeds 2019  young people  teens  minor  boys  girls  youngster  juvenile. These are synonyms and key concepts which help you find materials related to a broad definition of the word ‘teenagers’. Mental health In your search you should replace the words mental health with another search term. You could have searched using these terms:  depression  anxiety  confidence  sad  lonely  self-esteem  isolation  behavioural problems  unhappy  emotional  emotional disorder  emotional instability. These are synonyms which broaden your search related to the term ‘mental health’.
  • 4. ©University of Leeds 2019 Smartsearching You have seen how altering your search terms can impact on the materials you find. You might also use more specific search criteria. Some search engines and online journals have “advanced search” functions where you can type in your search terms to get more relevant or specific results. These features allow you to:  Search sources produced within a specified time-frame.  Manage where your search terms appear in the page, for example, searching only for pages where “tree bark” appears as a phrase, not as separate words.  Specify which geographical region the results should be from.  Specify what language you’d like the results in.