3. Fast Food
In 2012, fast food restaurants spent $4.6
billion in total on all advertising, an 8%
increase over 2009. For context, the
biggest advertiser, McDonald’s, spent 2.7
times as much to advertise its products
($972 million) as all fruit, vegetable,
bottled water, and milk advertisers
combined ($367 million).
5. Fast Food and Children
89% of parents report taking their child to
a fast food restaurant at least once the
past week
No longer a “special treat”
49% of parents - child asks to go to
McDonald’s at least once a week
15% of preschoolers ask to go McDonald’s
every day
6. Fast Food Facts and Children
In 2011–2012, just over one-third of children and
adolescents consumed fast food on a given day.
In 2011–2012, children and adolescents consumed on
average 12.4% of their daily calories from fast food
restaurants.
Caloric intake from fast foods was higher in adolescents
aged 12–19 years than in children aged 2–11 years.
Non-Hispanic Asian children had significantly lower
caloric intake from fast food compared with non-Hispanic
white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic children.
No significant differences in caloric intake from fast food
were noted by sex, poverty status, or weight status.
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db213.htm
8. Portion Size
Between 1977 and 1996, food portion
sizes increased by about 60% both inside
and outside the home.
Nielson SJ et al, Patterns and trends in food portion sizes, 1977-1998. JAMA 2003; 289(4):450-3
10. Portion Size Matters
Short-term studies show that people eat
more when they are confronted with
larger portion sizes.
11. Portion Size and Snacks
Study
Participants received snacks of potato chips in identical
bags increasing in size (from 28g to 170g)
Men and women, intake increased significantly as
package size increased
Women ate 18% more and men 37% more from the
170g bag than when served an 85g bag
Participants did not adjust their intakes at dinner to
compensate for the differences in snack intake
Combined calorie intake was much greater when they
consumed the larger snack
Rolls et al. Appetite 2004
12. Snacks
Over the last 30 years, the average number of
snacks consumed per day doubled, and the
percentage of adults snacking on any given day
rose from 59 to 90 percent.
Higher snacking frequency is associated with
higher total calorie intake. Adults who have 4 or
more snacks in a day consume almost one and
one-half times as many calories as do adults
who report no snacks
13. Snacks
The average snack has more calories than the
average breakfast
Snacks provide on average about one-fourth of
daily calories, greater proportions of alcohol,
carbohydrates and total sugars, and lesser
proportions of most other nutrients
Snacks 1977-78 to 2007-08
Change
Males 261cal/d 586 cal/d >200%
Females 186 cal/d 421 cal/d >200%
https://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/80400530/pdf/DBrief/4_adult_snacking_0708.pdf
14. Current Sugar Sweetened
Beverage Intake
Heavy total SSB consumption (more than 500 calories per day)
increased among children between 1999-2008, although it
decreased among adolescents and young adults.
Soda was the most heavily consumed SSB in all age groups except
for young children.
While soda consumption decreased, heavy sports and energy drink
consumption tripled among adolescents.
Black children and adolescents were more likely to be heavy fruit
drink consumers versus whites.
Low-income children and adults were more likely to have higher
energy intake from total SSBs and fruit drinks.
Sugar-sweetened beverages make up nearly 16 percent of children
ages 12-19 total caloric consumption.
Han, E., Powell, L.M. (2013). Consumption patterns of sugar sweetened beverages in the US. J Acad Nutr Diet , 113,
43 – 53
Wang YC, Bleich SN, and Gortmaker SL. Increasing caloric contribution from sugar-sweetened
beverages and 100 percent fruit juices among U.S. children and adolescents, 1988-2004. Pediatrics,
121(6): 1604-14, 2008.
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