Reading and Writing

1. The Process Approach to
Writing and the R.A.F.T Writing
Technique
Role, Audience, Focus, and Topic

2. Task 1 Answer the ff:
How do you prepare for a writing task?
What difficulties do you encounter at this stage?
Do you always begin with writing the introduction?
How much time do you normally spend in writing a
draft?
How often do you experience writer’s block? How do
you deal with it?
How often do you revise and edit your work?

3. The Role Audience Format Topic Technique
Experts say that planning is very crucial in writing and
that it should take most of your entire writing
process/activity.
There are experts who even say that more than half
of the writing time should be allotted to prewriting.
Along this line, the RAFT technique asks you to think
about important aspects of writing before you
actually start your first sentence.

4. Role of the Writer: Who are you as the writer? ( A
government official? A commercial model? A tree?)
Audience: To whom are you writing? (A friend? An
employer?)
Format: In what format are you writing? ( A research
paper? A newspaper?
Topic: What are you writing about?

5. In small groups, complete the RAFT table
below.
Role Audience Format Topic
News reporter President’s SONA
School admin letter
City officials Poverty in the
community
Student
brochure

6. Process Approach to Writing
Writing needs planning and several revisions
before the final output is turned in. Feedback
is very important too. You have to hear
people’s opinion of your draft so you could
further improve your work.
Feedback will come not only from the teacher
but from your peers as well.

7. Phases of the Process Approach to Writing
Prewriting: writer uses several
techniques like brainstorming,
freewriting, researching, journaling,
outlining, and using diagrams to list
down and map out their thoughts. Using
RAFt is also done at this phase.

8. 2. Drafting
Initial composition is done at this point. The
writer should not be concerned with
language, grammar, and organization yet,
because the goal in doing the first draft is to
write down all their ideas to convey a
particular idea.
Drafting is often the draft that takes the longest
time to finish. Why do you think so?

9. 3. Securing feedback from peer/s
Guided by a rubric or some questions, writers
exchange work and give comments and suggestions
to improve the draft.
 Have you tried getting feedback from peers? How was your
experience?

10. 4. Revising
Writers review and modify
their work to improve the
draft.

11. 5. Securing feedback from the teacher
Similar to phase 3, only, it will be
the teacher who will give the
feedback at this point.

12. 6. Editing
Writers proofread and correct errors in
grammar and mechanics and edit to improve
style and clarity.
How confident are you in checking your own
grammatical and mechanical errors?

13. 7. Publishing
This is when the writers share their final draft with a
group or the entire class.
Have you experience sharing your writing output to
others?

14. Activity (Task 2)
Prepare a R.A.F.T table for the following topics:
A.Same sex marriage
B.A movie you have seen recently
C.A travel destination you want to visit

15. Quiz: Choose a topic from the
previous writing activity and use
the process approach to
produce a writing output.