Cardiotonic

2.  Cardiotonic drugs
 Introduction
 Mechanism of action
 Cardiac glycosides
 Digitoxin, digoxin, gitoxin, Quabain.

3. CVS drugs exert their action on heart or blood
vessels to modify cardiac output or distribution
of blood to certain portion of circulatory
system.

4. 1. Cardiotonic drugs – Eg:Digitoxin(cardiacglycosides)
2. Antiarrythmic drugs – Eg: Quinidine,Procainamide, Amiodarone
3. Antihypertensive agents –
a) Rauwolfia alkaloids- Eg: Reserpine
b) Ganglionic blockers - Eg: Guanithidine
c) Centrallyacting drugs - Eg: Methyldopa
d) ACE Inhibitors- Eg: Captopril,Enalopril
e) Calcium Channel Blockers-Eg: Nifedipine
4. Vasodilators/ Anti-angina drugs – Eg: Glyceryl Trinitrates, Ethyl
nitartes, Tolazoline
5. Lipid lowering agents/ Antihyperlipidemicdrugs – Eg: Clofibrate,

5.  The drugs which increase the force of muscle
contraction of heart without increasing its
oxygen consumption are called cardiotonic
drugs.

7.  These drugs on hydrolysis give a sugar
portion and aglycone portion (genin)
 Cardiotonic drugs = sugar + aglycone part
 The sugar part is linked glycosidically with
aglycone part.
 They contain a steroidal nucleus.

9.  Cardiac glycosides occur naturally in plants
and toad venum.

13. 1. Digitoxin
2. Digoxin
3. Gitoxin
4. Ouabain

14. It is obtained from suitable species of digitalis.
Properties
It occurs as white crystalline powder,
odourless, insoluble in water and slightly
soluble in alcohol.
Its hydrolysis gives aglycone (digitoxigenin) ad
sugar part (digitoxose)

15. Stability Storage
It is affected by atmosphere and light. Hence
stored in tightly closed light resistant
container.
Uses
1. cardiotonic, for congestive cardiac failure,
to treat atrial fibrillation.
2. To cause diuresis.

16. Dosage forms
Tablets and injection
Brand names
Digimerk, Digitox

17.  It is a cradiac glycoside obtained from leaves
of digitalis lanata.
Properties
Occurs as colourless crystals or white
crystalline powder, odourless, insoluble in
water and slightly soluble in alcohol.
Its hydrolysis gives aglycone (digitoxigenin) ad
sugar part (digitoxose)

18. Stability Storage and uses : same as Digitoxin
Dosage forms :
Injection, tablets, elixir, oral suspension
Brand names :
Lanacardin, cardiogoxin

19.  When cold water extract of digitalis purpurea
is purified and evaporated to dryness, the
residue is called getalin. It consists of
gitoxin, digitoxin and gitoloxin.
Properties
It is white to pale buff amorphous powder.
soluble in water and free soluble in alcohol.

20. Stability Storage and uses : same as Digitoxin
Dosage forms :
tablets
Brand names :
Dynocard

21.  It is obtained from the seeds of strophantus
gratus or from wood of Acokanthera
schimperi or A. ouabaio
Properties
Occurs as colourless crystals or white
crystalline powder. Odourless.
Storage : store in well closed light resistant
containers

22. uses : same as Digitoxin
Dosage forms :
injection
Brand names :
Strodival