Chapter 4 Programming in ANSI C By Balagurusamy

1. Managing Input and
output operations:
Chapter 4:

2. Un-formatted Input / Output
 Using <conio.h> and <ctype.h>
 Reading a Character from keyboard:
 getch()
 getche() – getche()
 getchar() – variable_name = getchar();
 Writing a character
 putchar() – putchar(‘a’) / putchar(‘n’)
 Reading a String
 gets()
 Writing a String
 puts()

3. Functions used to Test Character:
 islower()
 isupper()
 isdigit()
 isalpha()
 isalnum()
 isprint()
 isspace()
 ispunct()

4. Formatted Input / Output
 Using <stdio.h>
 scanf() and printf() functions
 General Format
 scanf(“control string”, arg1, arg2, …,
agrn);
 printf(“control string / format specifiers/
escape sequence”, arg1, arg2. …, argn);
 Format specifier variations - %wsd, %wc,
%ws
 Reading mix data types.
 Error detection in Input.

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