Made by Muhammad Talha Khan

4. (d) Oil engines(d) Oil engines
 Diesel engineDiesel engine
 Petrol/Kerosene enginePetrol/Kerosene engine
4.Electric power4.Electric power
5.Renewable energy(Bio5.Renewable energy(Bio
Gas+Solar+Wind) Gas+Solar+Wind)

5. Human power is an important
source for operating small
implements and tools.
Stationary work like chaff
cutting, lifting water, threshing,
winnowing and many other
such works are done by
manual labour

6. . On an average a man can
develop maximum power of
about 75 watts or 0.1hp for
doing work. In some
instances manual labor is
still more efficient than
machine.

7. Land preparation, weed management,
crop threshing and transport are
undertaken using animal power. Oxen,
buffalo, horses, mule, donkey and
camel are used as animal power in
agriculture for various purposes. They
can generate about 750 watts or 1hp
for doing farm work.
The advantages of using animals
include:
• Cheap to maintain
• Multi purpose use for meat and milk,
• Self-replacement and
• Manure production

8. Disadvantage of using animals
include:
• Animals have limited daily
working hours
• Animals need feeding and
protection against pests and
disease.
• Slow
• High man/power ratio
• Limited range of working
conditions
• Animals require training

9. The third important source of
farm power is mechanical power
that is available through tractors
and oil engines. The oil engine is a
highly efficient device for
converting fuel into useful work.
The efficiency of diesel engine
varies between 32 to 38 per cent
where as that of petrol engine
varies from 25 to 32 percent.
Diesel engines of larger size are
used on tractors.

10. They are used for pumping water, flour mills,
oil ghanis, cotton gins, chaff cutter, threshing,
harvesting, poughing, tillage, bunds forming,
winnowing, seeding , etc….

12. Its operation and maitenance
needs less attention and care.
It is clean quiet and smooth
running.
Electrical power is used for
water pumping, dairy industry,
cold storage, farm product
processing, fruit industry,
poultry industry, seed
treatments etc…..

14. Solar energy:
sun is the biggest fusion
reactor which radiates
energy in the form of
electromagnetic radiation. To
obtain solar radiation a dark
surface is exposed to it so
that radiation can be
absorbed. Solar energy can
be used for water heating,
space heating, refrigeration,
distillation, cooking and
power generation.

16. . A well drilled to these
locations causes the wet or
dry steam to emerge et the
surface where its energy can
be utilized either for
generating electricity or for
space heating.

18. Tidal energy:
Tides occurs by gravitational attraction
between the earth and the moon. The tidal
power is used to generate electrical energy by
moving electrical generators.

19. Wave energy:
Ocean water is kept under constant motion by the
waves which are seen at surface. The vertical rise
and fall of successive waves is used to sctivate
either a water operaed or air operated turbine