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Ground Vibration Control Using Signature Hole Method - Thesis BE Mining, Universitas Sriwijaya
- 1. Analysis of Optimum Intershot Delay Arrangement Using Signature Hole Method to Control Ground Vibration at Pit Pinang South , PT Kaltim Prima Coal, Sangatta. Muhamad Rizky 03121402003 Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia muhamad.rizky6694@gmail.com Thesis Bachelor Degree of Mining Engineering Department UNIVERSITAS SRIWIJAYA
- 2. INTRODUCTION
- 3. INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND • The Signature hole method is not only an interesting theory, it works in the field. Combined with electronic detonators and advanced modeling software, it provides a huge benefit in vibration level reduction. Without changing the charge per delay, results between 30% and 70% of PPV reduction can be achieved with an accuracy of prediction of 10%. (THE TRUTH ABOUT SIGNATURE HOLE METHOD 2010 Thierry Bernard Technologie, DNA-Blast Software, Nice, France) Signature hole method Intershot delay
- 4. INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE General Objective : Determining The optimum Intershot Delay using Signature Hole Method combined with electronoc to achieve PPV target max. 3 mm/s in Pit Pinang South. Spesific Objective : • Undertsanding The Technical Planning of Signature Hole Method. • Understanding The Analysis of Signature Waveform to determine The Optimum Intershot delay. • Understanding The Simulation of Intershot Delay in Software Shotplus. • Knowing The Actual PPV of Using the intershot delay from Field Trial. • The Research Location in Pit Pinang South and Lithology assumed Homogen. • Tie up system used with electronic detonator. • The research did not change blasting geometry and charging quantity and hence did not analyze fragmentation and cost. • Method Used in reducing ground vibration level is Signature Hole Method through conducting simulation and field trial toward intershot delay. SCOPE
- 5. INTRODUCTION RESEARCH FLOWCHART Trial Signature Hole Project Data Processing and Analysing Split Signature Hole Wave --- Get Representative Signature Hole Wave Simulate Signature Hole Analysis -- Get PPV result from varians of intershot delay Determine Intershot Delay --- Get Optimum Intershot Delay Simulate in Software --- Get the Timing Design Field Trial of Optimum Intershot Delay Not ValidValid EvaluationRecommendation Conclusion
- 6. S I G N AT U R E H O L E A N A LY S I S ( S H A )
- 7. PROJECT PLANNING SIG. HOLE -1 SIG. HOLE -2 PRODUCTION HOLE
- 8. DATA PROCESSING Blastmate III File of Vibration data Blastware 10 2. Read data Using Blastware 3. Convert to .txt file4. Analyze and process the data in Microsoft ecxcel Split signature wave, analyze with Signature hole analysis, Determine optimum Intershot Delay 1. Record blasting vibration
- 9. SIGNATURE HOLE ANALYSIS 𝑷𝑷𝑽 = (𝑻 𝟐)+(𝑽 𝟐)+(𝑳 𝟐) Note : T = tranversal wave velocity V = vertikal wave velocity L = longitudinal wave velocity Linier superposition theory Analisis signature hole was conducted based on linier superposition theory. Peak particle velocity (PPV) can be determined by this equation: Constructive Interference Destructive Interference Wave Resultant The Sum of each Individual Wave
- 10. SIGNATURE HOLE ANALYSIS (SHA) Simulation of Signature Hole Analysis is based on Linier Superposition Concept (The Sum Of Amplitudes of Velocity at the same time). Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) is determined by this equation: 𝑷𝑷𝑽 = (𝑻 𝟐)+(𝑽 𝟐)+(𝑳 𝟐) Information : T = Velocity Amplitude of Transversal Wave V = Velocity Amplitude of Vertical Wave L = Velocity Amplitude of Longitudinal Wave 1 -0.0159 0 -0.0159 2 -0.0159 0 -0.0159 3 -0.0159 0 -0.0159 4 0.0317 0 0.0317 5 0.0317 0 0.0317 6 0.0794 0 0.0794 7 0.0794 0 0.0794 8 0.0952 0 0.0952 9 0.0952 0 0.0952 10 0.0794 0 0.0794 11 0.0952 0 0.0952 12 0.0476 0 0.0476 13 0.0476 0 0.0476 14 0.0159 0 0.0159 15 0.0159 0 0.0159 16 0.0159 0 0.0159 17 0.0476 0 0.0476 18 0.0635 0 0.0635 19 0.0317 0 0.0317 20 0.0317 0 0.0317 21 0.0635 -0.0159 0.0476 22 0.0476 -0.0159 0.0317 23 0.0159 -0.0159 0 24 0.0317 0.0317 0.0634 25 0 0.0317 0.0317 26 -0.0159 0.0794 0.0635 27 -0.0159 0.0794 0.0635 28 0 0.0952 0.0952 29 -0.0317 0.0952 0.0635 30 -0.0476 0.0794 0.0318 31 -0.0476 0.0952 0.0476 32 -0.0635 0.0476 -0.0159 33 -0.0794 0.0476 -0.0318 34 -0.0794 0.0159 -0.0635 35 -0.0635 0.0159 -0.0476 36 -0.0635 0.0159 -0.0476 37 -0.0952 0.0476 -0.0476 38 -0.0635 0.0635 0 39 -0.0794 0.0317 -0.0477 40 -0.0635 0.0317 -0.0318 41 -0.0317 0.0635 0.0318 42 -0.0159 0.0476 0.0317 43 0.0317 0.0159 0.0476 44 0.0794 0.0317 0.1111 45 0.0794 0 0.0794 46 0.0794 -0.0159 0.0635 47 0.0952 -0.0159 0.0793 48 0 0 0 49 0 -0.0317 -0.0317 50 0 -0.0476 -0.0476 51 0 -0.0476 -0.0476 52 0 -0.0635 -0.0635 53 0 -0.0794 -0.0794 54 0 -0.0794 -0.0794 55 0 -0.0635 -0.0635 56 0 -0.0635 -0.0635 57 0 -0.0952 -0.0952 58 0 -0.0635 -0.0635 59 0 -0.0794 -0.0794 60 0 -0.0635 -0.0635 61 0 -0.0317 -0.0317 62 0 -0.0159 -0.0159 63 0 0.0317 0.0317 64 0 0.0794 0.0794 65 0 0.0794 0.0794 66 0 0.0794 0.0794 67 0 0.0952 0.0952 1 -0.222 0 -0.222 2 -0.175 0 -0.175 3 -0.159 0 -0.159 4 -0.0635 0 -0.0635 5 0 0 0 6 0.0476 0 0.0476 7 0.111 0 0.111 8 0.159 0 0.159 9 0.159 0 0.159 10 0.159 0 0.159 11 0.127 0 0.127 12 0.0952 0 0.0952 13 0.0794 0 0.0794 14 0.0794 0 0.0794 15 0.111 0 0.111 16 0.159 0 0.159 17 0.175 0 0.175 18 0.254 0 0.254 19 0.381 0 0.381 20 0.444 0 0.444 21 0.524 -0.222 0.302 22 0.603 -0.175 0.428 23 0.683 -0.159 0.524 24 0.746 -0.0635 0.6825 25 0.778 0 0.778 26 0.762 0.0476 0.8096 27 0.698 0.111 0.809 28 0.635 0.159 0.794 29 0.54 0.159 0.699 30 0.444 0.159 0.603 31 0.365 0.127 0.492 32 0.302 0.0952 0.3972 33 0.27 0.0794 0.3494 34 0.206 0.0794 0.2854 35 0.159 0.111 0.27 36 0.143 0.159 0.302 37 0.143 0.175 0.318 38 0.127 0.254 0.381 39 0.111 0.381 0.492 40 0.0794 0.444 0.5234 41 0.0317 0.524 0.5557 42 -0.0159 0.603 0.5871 43 -0.0952 0.683 0.5878 44 -0.206 0.746 0.54 45 -0.333 0.778 0.445 46 -0.444 0.762 0.318 47 -0.556 0.698 0.142 48 0 0.635 0.635 49 0 0.54 0.54 50 0 0.444 0.444 51 0 0.365 0.365 52 0 0.302 0.302 53 0 0.27 0.27 54 0 0.206 0.206 55 0 0.159 0.159 56 0 0.143 0.143 57 0 0.143 0.143 58 0 0.127 0.127 59 0 0.111 0.111 60 0 0.0794 0.0794 61 0 0.0317 0.0317 62 0 -0.0159 -0.0159 63 0 -0.0952 -0.0952 64 0 -0.206 -0.206 65 0 -0.333 -0.333 66 0 -0.444 -0.444 67 0 -0.556 -0.556 1 0.0952 0 0.0952 2 0.0794 0 0.0794 3 0.0794 0 0.0794 4 0.0476 0 0.0476 5 0.0317 0 0.0317 6 0.0317 0 0.0317 7 -0.0159 0 -0.0159 8 -0.0476 0 -0.0476 9 -0.0952 0 -0.0952 10 -0.0952 0 -0.0952 11 -0.0794 0 -0.0794 12 -0.0794 0 -0.0794 13 -0.0635 0 -0.0635 14 -0.0635 0 -0.0635 15 -0.0476 0 -0.0476 16 -0.0635 0 -0.0635 17 -0.0635 0 -0.0635 18 -0.111 0 -0.111 19 -0.159 0 -0.159 20 -0.159 0 -0.159 21 -0.175 0.0952 -0.0798 22 -0.206 0.0794 -0.1266 23 -0.206 0.0794 -0.1266 24 -0.238 0.0476 -0.1904 25 -0.19 0.0317 -0.1583 26 -0.19 0.0317 -0.1583 27 -0.143 -0.0159 -0.1589 28 -0.127 -0.0476 -0.1746 29 -0.0794 -0.0952 -0.1746 30 -0.0635 -0.0952 -0.1587 31 -0.0476 -0.0794 -0.127 32 0 -0.0794 -0.0794 33 0 -0.0635 -0.0635 34 0 -0.0635 -0.0635 35 0 -0.0476 -0.0476 36 0 -0.0635 -0.0635 37 0.0159 -0.0635 -0.0476 38 -0.0159 -0.111 -0.1269 39 -0.0159 -0.159 -0.1749 40 0 -0.159 -0.159 41 0 -0.175 -0.175 42 0.0159 -0.206 -0.1901 43 0.0317 -0.206 -0.1743 44 0.0317 -0.238 -0.2063 45 0.0317 -0.19 -0.1583 46 0.0794 -0.19 -0.1106 47 0.0635 -0.143 -0.0795 48 0 -0.127 -0.127 49 0 -0.0794 -0.0794 50 0 -0.0635 -0.0635 51 0 -0.0476 -0.0476 52 0 0 0 53 0 0 0 54 0 0 0 55 0 0 0 56 0 0 0 57 0 0.0159 0.0159 58 0 -0.0159 -0.0159 59 0 -0.0159 -0.0159 60 0 0 0 61 0 0 0 62 0 0.0159 0.0159 63 0 0.0317 0.0317 64 0 0.0317 0.0317 65 0 0.0317 0.0317 66 0 0.0794 0.0794 67 0 0.0635 0.0635 Tranversal LongitudinalVertical 0.242074 0.192827 0.178433 0.085457 0.044831 0.097852 0.137398 0.191337 0.208344 0.201614 0.177472 0.13279 0.11226 0.102905 0.121818 0.171948 0.192154 0.284375 0.414061 0.472675 0.315971 0.447456 0.539077 0.711392 0.794574 0.827371 0.826899 0.818526 0.723269 0.624344 0.510352 0.40537 0.356544 0.299195 0.278265 0.312253 0.325047 0.401578 0.524337 0.547941 0.583471 0.617923 0.614943 0.588645 0.478945 0.34262 0.181032 0.647575 0.546726 0.451037 0.371156 0.308604 0.281433 0.220772 0.171211 0.156465 0.172525 0.142878 0.137398 0.101669 0.044831 0.02754 0.105227 0.223036 0.3438 0.457979 0.567654 PPV PPV. 0.82 mm/s
- 11. NOTE Based on Signature Hole Analysis – Simulation with several Intershot Delays (8ms, 16ms, 32ms, 40ms, 48ms, 56ms, 64ms, 72ms, 80ms, 88ms, 96ms, 104ms) 64 ms is the Optimum Intershot Delay to reduce vibration, that will result PPV 1.68 Therefore, There was a Decreasing of PPV at about 16.34% from the Simulation Using Linier Superposition Concept Example : Signature Hole Wave PPV : 2.011 SHA – Simulation Intershot Delay 64 ms PPV : 1.682 SHA – Simulation Intershot Delay 32 ms PPV : 3.145 SHA SIMULATIONUsing Microsoft Excel 2010
- 12. DATA
- 13. No. Tanggal Trial Signature hole Titik Ukur D (m) L (m) PC (Kg) T (m) Ket. 1 02/05/2016 PN11WK17 P1 SH-1 A 755 8.5 126 5 No 2 13/05/2016 PN21WK19 P1 SH-1 A 564 5.4 69 3.5 No 3 03/06/2016 PN20WK22 P1 SH-1 A 740 5.4 70 3.1 No SH-2 A 733 5 70 3.1 No 4 11/06/2016 PN30WK23 P2 SH-1 B 695 10.5 205 6.5 Yes SH-2 B 705 9.5 174 6.5 Yes 5 30/06/2016 PN22WK25 P1 SH-1 A 1007 4 63 2.8 No SH-2 A 1018 4.5 74 3.3 No 6 30/06/2016 PN02WK26 P1 SH-1 C 882 5.2 83 3.3 Yes SH-2 C 891 5.3 83 3.3 Yes 7 30/06/2016 PN13WK26 P1 SH-1 A 598 5.8 92 3.5 Yes SH-1 C 757 5.8 92 3.5 Yes SIGNATURE HOLE PROJECT Blasting Parameters Value Burden 7.4 m Spasi 8.5 m Hole Diameter 200 mm Blasthole Inclination Vertical Detonator Elektronik (Unitonic 600) Initiation System Box Cut - Rectangular Staggered Delay System 48 ms (Inter-hole) dan 104 ms (Inter- row)
- 14. DATA- PN30WK23 Signature Hole 2Signature Hole 1 PPV Result – TRIAL Simulation with varians Intershot Delay Optimum intershot delay was determined at 40 ms SHA SIMULATION – PN30WK23 Signature Hole D (m) H (m) C (kg) T (m) PPV (mm/s) PPV PH (mm/s) SH-1 700 10.5 205 6.5 2.69 6.16 SH-2 9.5 9.5 6.5 2.44 PPV Decreasing: 60.7% PPV Decreasing : 66.7% SH-1 SH-2 PH
- 15. Signature Hole D (m) H (m) C (kg) T (m) PPV (mm/s) PPV PH (mm/s) SH-1 885 5.4 83 3.3 0.815 2.06 SH-2 5.2 83 3.3 0.526 SHA SIMULATION – PN02WK26 PPV Result – TRIAL Simulation with varians Intershot Delay Signature Hole 2Signature Hole 1 Optimum intershot delay was determined at 40 ms SHA SIMULATION – PN02WK26 DATA – PN02WK26 8 ms 4.03 mm/s 16 ms 1.78 mm/s 24 ms 1.31 mm/s 32 ms 0.92 mm/s 40 ms 0.92 mm/s 48 ms 0.97 mm/s 56 ms 0.98 mm/s 64 ms 1.35 mm/s 72 ms 1.28 mm/s 80 ms 1.05 mm/s 88 ms 1.26 mm/s 96 ms 1.04 mm/s 104 ms 1.22 mm/s PPV MAX.INTERSHOT DELAY 8 ms 6.24 mm/s 16 ms 2.53 mm/s 24 ms 2.28 mm/s 32 ms 1.53 mm/s 40 ms 1.32 mm/s 48 ms 1.39 mm/s 56 ms 1.43 mm/s 64 ms 1.93 mm/s 72 ms 2.68 mm/s 80 ms 2 mm/s 88 ms 2.13 mm/s 96 ms 1.5 mm/s 104 ms 1.56 mm/s PPV MAX.INTERSHOT DELAY PPV Decreasing 55.33%PPV Decreasing : 35.9 % SH-1 SH-2 PH
- 16. DATA – PN13WK26 Signature Hole D (m) H (m) C (kg) T (m) PPV (mm/s) PPV PH (mm/s) SH 600 5.8 92 3.5 1.13 3.3 Signature Hole D (m) H (m) C (kg) T (m) PPV (mm/s) PPV PH (mm/s) SH 757 5.8 92 3.5 0.65 2.22 Signature Hole Signature Hole 8 ms 9 mm/s 16 ms 3.44 mm/s 24 ms 2.58 mm/s 32 ms 2.05 mm/s 40 ms 1.32 mm/s 48 ms 1.34 mm/s 56 ms 1.66 mm/s 64 ms 1.66 mm/s 72 ms 2.63 mm/s 80 ms 1.66 mm/s 88 ms 1.5 mm/s 96 ms 2.12 mm/s 104 ms 1.84 mm/s PPV MAX.INTERSHOT DELAY 8 ms 6.6 mm/s 16 ms 2.26 mm/s 24 ms 1.73 mm/s 32 ms 1.43 mm/s 40 ms 1.08 mm/s 48 ms 1.26 mm/s 56 ms 1.3 mm/s 64 ms 1.11 mm/s 72 ms 1.4 mm/s 80 ms 1.1 mm/s 88 ms 0.94 mm/s 96 ms 1.12 mm/s 104 ms 1.11 mm/s PPV MAX.INTERSHOT DELAY Optimum intershot delay was determined at 40 ms PPV Decreasing : 60 % PPV Decreasing : 51.3 % SH-1 SH-1 PH PH
- 17. Data of Signature Holes PPV actual PPV (Trial 40 ms) Decreasing PN30WK23 SH1 6.16 2.42 60.70% SH2 6.16 2.05 66.70% PN02WK26 SH3 2.06 1.32 35.90% SH4 2.06 0.92 55.30% PN13WK26 SH5 3.3 1.32 60% SH6 2.22 1.08 51.30% Average PPV decreasing 54.98 % • From SHA, The Optimum intershot delay was determined at 40 ms – (lowest PPV) • The Simulation of Using Intershot delay 40 ms showed avarage PPV decreasing at about 54.98%. RESUME
- 18. PPV 1.52 mm/s TRIAL #1 PPV 1.83 mm/s FIELD TRIAL TRIAL #2 Intershot delay 40 ms
- 19. Trial D (m) MIC (kg) PPV actual PPV Plan (loading sheet) From engineer Var. PPV Decreasing (%) PN10WK30 635 100 1.83 2.86 1.03 36.014 PN05WK31 590 100 1.52 2.99 1.47 49.164 RESUME OF FIELD TRIAL Average PPV Decreasing 42.58 % According to field trials using intershot delay 40 ms, they resulted average PPV decreasing at about 42.58%
- 20. CLOSING
- 21. SUMMARY Based on previous result mentioned, hence there can be summarized that: 1. Ground vibration control using signature hole analysis by applicating the optimum intershot delay can be conducted trough several steps, among such steps are: • Planning made was focused at 1-2 holes blast for the signature holes from blasting plan made by engineer. Applicate delay timing about 3 second between signature hole and production holes. • Vibration recording uses Blastmate III. Data that can be read in Blastware 10 need to be converted to .txt file • Wave splitting between Signature hole and production hole and data pocessing can be done through Microsoft excel to determine the optimum intershot delay. 2. Simulation of Signature Hole Analysis (SHA) using Microsoft excelnachieved the optimum intershot delay at 40 ms with average PPV decreasing at about 54.98 %. 3. Applicating Intershot delay 40 ms in field trials achieved average PPV decreasing at about 42.58.
- 22. REFERENCES Bernard, T. (2010). The Truth About Signature Hole Method. Nice, France: Thierry Bernard Technologie. . Cunningham C. V. B. (2000). The effect of timing precision on control of blasting effects. Proceedings 1st EFEE Conference on Explosives and Blasting Technique. Munich. pp. 123–127. Gokhale B.V. (2009). Rotary drilling and blasting in large surface mines. Leiden, Netherland: CRC Press/Balkema. Hustrulid, W. (1999). Blasting Principles For Open Pit Mining Volume 1. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema. Jimeno, C.L. dan Jimeno, E.L. (1995). Drilling and Blasting of Rocks. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema. Koesnaryo ,S. (2001). Pemboran Untuk Penyediaan Lubang Ledak. Yogyakarta: Teknik Pertambangan, UPN ‘Veteran’. Konya, C.J., and Walter, E.J. (1990). Surface Blast Design. New Jersey, U.S.A: Prentice Hall. Englewood Cliffs. Kusumaatmaja, S. (1996). Kepmen LH No.49 Tahun 1996: Baku Tingkat Getaran. Jakarta : MENLH. Richards, A. B., Evans, R., and Moore A. J. (1994). Blast Vibration Control and Assessment Techniques. Proceedings of the Fourth Large Open Pit Mining Conference, Australian Institute of Mining & Metallurgy. Perth, Western Australia. SNI. (2010). SNI 7571:Baku Tingkat Getaran Peledakan pada Kegiatan Tambang Terbuka Terhadap Bangunan. Bandung: BSN. Turnbull, B. (2008). Just for the Record: Signature Hole Analysis. New York, USA: Instantel. Yang, R., Scovira, D. S., & Patterson, N. J. (2009). An integrated approach of signature hole vibration monitoring and modeling for quarry vibration control. International symposium on Rock fragmentation by blasting, London. pp. 597- 605.
- 23. THANK YOU Muhamad Rizky 03121402003 Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia muhamad.rizky6694@gmail.com