mushroom Cultivation

1. BY
HimanshiChaudhary
Assistant Professor

2.  Mushroom is a fleshy-fungi,
it’s a small umbrela like structure.
 It has two part,
cap like structure is known as PILEUS,
attached with thread like structure is known as
MYCELIA.
 Mycelia absorb nutrient from soil,
it do not require sun light for their growth.

3. STRUCTURE

4.  Agaricus bisporus
 Agaricus bitorquis
 Lentinus edodes
 Tremella fusiformis
 Flammulina velutips

5.  Animal excreta
 Animal manure
 Horse manure
 Vegetable waste
 Forest litters
 Straw from wheat/rice
 Wheat bran

6. 1. Garden & field
cutivation
2. Cave cultivation
3. Indoor cultivation

7.  Small ridges made in gardens and fields.
 Soil inoculated with spawn is covered with
leaf litter to prevent moisture.
 The ridges should be periodically watered
mushroom when appear can be picked.

8.  Small tunnels are made in rocky
areas and
mushroom farms can be established.
 Abandoned mines can be used to
develop mushroom
farms.

9.  Mushroom are grow in small rooms of the house.
 These rooms may be constructed in such a way that
they will be partly above ground and partly below
ground.
 In some cases arrangement may be made to maintain
accurate temperature and moisture.
 Inside this room mushroom may be cultivated
either in small beds. The room should be properly
ventilated but sunlight should not fall directly
on the mushroom-beds.
 The room should also have airconditioning
facility.
 E.g techniques for cultivation of white button
mushroom.

10.  There are 4 stages of mushroom
production.
 1. Composting
 2. Spawning
 3. Casting
 4. Croping

11.  There are 2 methods of composting
 (a) Long method require 21 28 days
 1 meter height heaps are prepared.
 Interval of 2-3 days, heap material is mixed with
wooden board.
 Gypsum is added in between 14 - 18 day.
 At last dark brown mixture is produced.
 (b) Short method require 12- 15 days
 Pasteurization is done by fumigation.
 Steaming is done at 52-54c for 2-4 days rise
to 62 c for 4 hours.
 Rest of process is almost same.

12.  In a tray, layer of compost are prepared.
 Upon it a layers of spawn is prepared .
 News paper is spreaded over it.
 Water is sprinkled to maintain humidity 90-95.
 Temperature maintained 20-25 c
 Mycelial growth takes about 15-20 days.
 Stage called SPAWN RUN stage .

13.  After 15-20 days paper is removed.
 Mycelial growth covered with 2-5 cm casting
material.
 CaCO3 maintains PH 4-5.
 Temperature is maintain 15-20 c.
 Humidity about 85 90

14. 
 Fruiting body will start to appear after
 12- 16 days will continue for 3-4 month.
 After 2-3 days of 1st cropping another fruiting
body will start to appear.

15.  Used in bio-degradation
 Bio-transformation
 Medicinal value
 Anti HIV, Anti-HBV viruses.
 Enzymes
 Controlling diabetes blood pressure
 Reducing sugars