Leadership

Subunit :- 1.5 Directing.
Presentation Portion :- Leadership.
BY- PRAMIT KUMAR SAH
1PREPARED BY:- PRAMIT KUMAR SAH

LeadershipDefinition:-
Leadership has been defined by different good
personalities as like:-
According to:-
S. Robbins:-“Leadership is the ability to influence a
group towards achievements of goal”
James Stoner:-“Leadership is the process of directing
and influencing the task related activities of group
members’’.

Cont…..
G R. Terry:-Leadership is the relationship between a
supervisor and a subordinate or fellow worker which
triggers a person’s will to do and transforms lukewarm
desires for achievement into burning desires for
achievement into burning passions or successful
accomplishment”.
Keith Davis (1967) :- “Leadership is the ability to
persuade others to seek defined objectives
enthusiastically.”

Cont…..
 Leadership is the quality of an individual, which enables him in
guiding and directing the community people to bring desirable
change in the community. It is an important element for group
or teamwork.
 Leadership quality includes self-confidence, decision-making
power.
 Leadership is the big source of knowledge, ideas and
experiences. It bears big responsibilities for the betterment of
the community even with some sacrifice from his/her side.
 A leader guides & helps in identifying community problems, in
setting goals and objectives, and in determining ways of
attaining the goals. Example: A health educator can himself
work as leader.
 People will have great faith upon their local leadership and
listen to his/her advice and suggestions. 4
PREPARED BY:- PRAMIT KUMAR SAH

Cont…..
Some important functions of leadership:
 Motivating and guiding followers.
 Understand followers with cooperation.
 Influencing and understand social norms and values.
 Creating a climate of motivation successfully.
Leader:- “A leader is a person who
influences a group of people towards the
achievement of a goal .”

Cont…..
“ A leader by it’s meaning is one who goes first and leads
by example , so that other are motivated to follow him .
This is a basic requirment ”.
“To be a leader a person must have a deep rooted
commitment to the goal that he will strive to achieve it
even if no body’s follow him .”

Cont…..
Types of Leader
Leader
(1) On the basis of (2) By degree of control
Official standing . over their group.
 Formal Leader (a) Autocratic Leader
Informal Leader (b) Democratic Leader
(c) Laissez fairean Leader
PREPARED BY:- PRAMIT KUMAR SAH 7

Cont…..
(1) On the basis of Official Standing:-
a) Formal leader:-They play the role of leadership due to their
responsibility & authority provided by the framework of a
certain formal rules and regulation of an organization . They
are formally appointed & are primarily responsible towards
their respective organization.
 For example:- Manager, Director , In-charge , Principal , VDC
leader e.t.c .
b) Informal leader :- They play the role of leadership due to their
status in the community. Their goodwill & experience will put
them in the position of leaders in the community . They are
accepted in the community and had developed trust on
them .
 For example:- Landlord(Jamindar) , Priest , Social worker ,
educated person e.t.c .

Cont…..
(2) By degree of control over their group:-
Autocratic Leader .
 Democratic Leader .
Laissezfairean Leader .

Cont…..
Qualities of Good leader :-
1. Energetic: Mental & physical ,required for a job.
2. Emotional stability: Avoid anger, deal with
subordinates with understanding.
3. Knowledge of Human Relation: Understanding of
human behavior.
4. Empathy: Look at things objectively and from
other viewpoint.
5. Personal Motivation: Enthusiasm within himself
to get the job done.
6. Communication Skills: Ability to talk and write
clearly

Cont…..
7. Technical competence: Effective working knowledge.
8. Courageous: Readiness to do a work, to take decision.
9. Will power: Determination.
10. Judgment: Good
11. Flexibility: Flexibility of mind is vital.
12. Knowledge: Keep a jump or two ahead of followers.
13. Integrity : Honest , Promise etc.

Cont…..

Cont…..
Types /Approaches of Leadership :-
1. Authoritarian Leadership/ Autocratic Leadership
The authoritarian leader exercise absolute power and puts
maximum control over the group on the matter of taking
decision and actions. Individual’s opinion and
suggestions are put to a minimum level of recognition &
consideration. In the absence of such type of leader the
group members become passive and can’t do anything by
themselves.
 In small group the authoritarian leader will be directly in
contact with each other of the member. In large group a
hierarchical line of relationship is developed.

Cont…..
AL
F
FF
F

Cont…..
Autocratic leader takes full authority &
responsibilities. He/she makes plan for groups without
consulting them. He does not like to seek others
suggestion & advice.
Characteristics:
 Strong control towards group
 Members are motivated by fore
 Communication flows downwards
 Decision making doesn’t depends on followers

Cont…..
Advantages:
 Quick decision making.
 Provides strong motivation.
 Provide responsible leadership.
Disadvantages:
Negative motivation style to the co-
workers/followers.
 Decrease efficiency.
 Less focus on sub-ordinate’s creativities.

Cont…..
2. Democratic or Participative
leadership :
 Under this style, power and authority is decentralized. In
this style, the leader takes decision in consultation with his
subordinates. This type of leader is known as democratic
leader.
 She/he draws ideas and suggestions from his subordinates
by discussion, consultation and participation. He also seeks
their advice and opinion on matters that affects them and
their jobs. Subordinates are encouraged to demonstrate
initiative and creativity, and takes interest in setting plans
and policies.

F
F
F
F
F
F
DL

Cont…..
Characteristics:-
 Less control is maintained.
 Rewards are used to motivate staff.
 Decision making involves others.
 Emphasis is on “we” rather than “I” and “You.”
 Authority is delegated to subordinates.
Advantages:-
 Increase better decision making .
 Increase employee/followers satisfactions .
 Increase group cooperation .
 Increase productivity.
 Opportunity to utilize their capabilities.

Cont…..
Disadvantages:
 Time consuming
 Participation may not be effective
 Subordinates may not take responsibilities
3. Laissez Faire or Free Rein Leadership :
 Under this style a leader entrusts the decision making
authority to his subordinates.
 The leader delegates all his authorities so that subordinates
themselves take decisions. He avoids using power and
leaves it to his subordinates to establish goals.
 Subordinates are self-directed, self control and self-
motivated.
 This type of leader only provides information, materials and
facilities to his subordinates.

Cont…..

Cont…..
F
F
F
LFL
F
F
F

Cont…..
Characteristics:
 Complete non-participation by leader .
 Complete freedom for a group or individuals for decision
making .
Advantages:
 Increase satisfaction to subordinates .
 Potential of subordinates is fully utilized .
 It provides maximum possible scope for the development of
subordinates .

Cont…..
Disadvantages:
 It ignores the contribution of leader
 Less guidance and support from leader

Some key point’s:-
“ Leadership is a vital part of successful management”.
“ GOOD LEADERS ARE MADE NOT
BORN ”
“A LEADER CAN BE A LEADER
ONLY WHEN HE GET’S THE
PEOPLE / FOLLOWER TO BE LED ”

Reference / Bibliography
 A Text book of Principles of Management
– By Prem R. Pant.
A Text book of Principles of Management
in Nepal - By Dr. Gobind Ram Agrawal.
Lecture notes.
WWW. GOOGLE.COM

Leadership

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