Presentation file. Final.pptx

A STUDY ON TRAFFIC FLOW AT SELECTED INTERSECTION IN THE DHAKA
NORTH CITY CORPORATION.
Supervised By Presented By
Engr.Rabindra Ranjan Saha,PEng.
Associate Professor Md.Shakibul Islam
Head ID.NO.WUB10/19/77/6888
Department of Civil Engineering Md.Jubaidul Islam
World University of Bangladesh ID.NO.WUB10/19/77/6886
Md.Abdullah Khandker
ID.NO.WUB10/19/77/6876
Md.Kamruzzaman
ID.NO.WUB10/19/77/6874

INTRODUCTION
To fulfill the needs of the modern civilization communication system is one of the most Important factors. There are
many different types of communication system on these days. Roadway communication is one of the most popular and
economic communication Systems. Then a properly planned intersection can be an example of a good roadway
Communication system. Roadway communication system is one of the most favorite and Suggested transportation
systems in Bangladesh.
The term "Intersection" stands for a point or a certain place where two or more roads meets or cross one another. There
may or may not have a difference between (or among)
the levels of the intersected roads. An Intersection design is performed to ensure Comfortable safe and economic
movement of vehicles and also a safe movement and road crossing of the pedestrians. It is to be aware of the
designing of any intersection tomaintain a uniform movement at cache direction.
And here in Dhaka North city transportation system is predominantly road based. Some major Intersections inside
Dhaka north city are Shohid Noor Hossain Square (Zero-Point) intersection Polton Signal, Goulash Mazar, Doel
Chatter, Bijoy Sarani intersection, Rasel square Intersection,Karwan bazar intersection. Shahbag intersection Asadgate
intersection, Science- lab intersection etc.
In this assignment we studied the traffic flow and analyses the traffic difference among the intersection, at Shohid Noor
Hossain Square (ZeroPoint) and Bijoy Sarani intersections.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Traffic flow
Traffic flow Is the theory developed based on flow of vehicle on thelane, and ls connections with other vehicles, pedestrians, signals
present on the sound. Free movement of traffic ls alerted by many factors like design speed, percentage of heavy vehicles, number of
lanes, and Intersection present along the road.
2.2.14 Types of traffic flow
Traffic flow can primary be divided into two types. Understanding what type of low is occurring in a given situation
will help you decide
which analysis methods and descriptions are the most relevant.
Uninterrupted flow
 No external interruptions.
 Primarily on freeways.
 Also, on certain segments of long rural highways.
 In peak hours also freeways are uninterrupted.
Interrupted flow
 External interruptions exist.
 Most frequent are signals, stop/yield signs.
 Creates platoons of vehicles progress in traffic Stream.
For example:
 Freeway.
 Express way.
Interrupted flow:
Interrupted flow is flow regulated by an external means such as a traffic signal. Under interrupted Mow conditions, vehicle-vehicle Interactions and
vehicle-roadway interactions play a secondary role indefining the traffic flow .

OBJECTIVES
1. To observe the traffic condition in the selected intersections.
2. To compare traffic flow among the Intersections.

Flow Chart of the methodology
Selection of intersection
↓
Collecting traffic flow data from the selected intersections
↓
Analysis of collected data
↓
Discussion of results

Study Area:
A suitable site for intersection now analysis is where the traffic now pattern is much Important. For our
analysis two of the most important intersections the Shohid Noor Hossain Square (Zero-Point) and Bijoy Sarani
intersections have been selected. A Preliminary survey was made to select intersections suitable for data
collection. Amongall the intersections we have chosen shohid Noor Hossain Square (Zero-Point) and Bijoy
Sarani intersections.

Study Area
Figure 3.2.1: Shohid Noor Hossain
Square (Zero-Point) Intersection
Source: Google earth satellite
view.
Figure 3.2.3: Satellite
view of Bijoy Sarani
Intersection
Source: Google.

Selection Study Area
•
•
Figure3.3.1 Google map view Shohid Noor Hossain Square (Zero Point)
Intersection. ( Source: Google map)
Google map view Bijoy Sarani Intersection,
Source: Google map

Data Collection Process
Stop watch was used for time measurement. Data was collected manually.There are two types of manual counting:
1. Direct method
2.Indirect method
Direct method:
Data was collected by direct counting
Indirect method:
In this method, data was collected using time stamp video camera software. Video was captured for an hour two
times a day , and data was collected later by rewinding the videos.
3.5 Data analysis process
After collecting all sorts of data, it has been listed in table form. Then several proof readings have been done
in order to find out any outlines or missing data orany other discrepancy. Then the data has been plotted in
different charts and tables inorder to Highlight proper conditions of the selected intersections.

GEOMETRIC DATA COLLECTION
GEOMETRIC DATA OF SHOHID NOOR HOSSAIN SQUARE(ZERO- POINT)
INTERSECTION
Shohid noor Hossain square zero point to motijheel road:
Type of the Road - : Two lanes two-way road
Width of the Carriageway : 20 ft
Lane Width : 10-12 ft
Median : 3 feet wide median.
Availability of exclusive tum lane : No such facility yet.
Pedestrian Sidewalk : Footpath of 5 feet width exists at
both of the road
Shohid Noor Hossain Square (Zero-Point) to High court.
Type of the Road : Two lanes two-way road.Width of the
Carriageway : 20 ft.
Median : 3 feet wide median of the road.
Availability of excusive turn lan : No such
facility yet Pedestrian Sidewall : Footpath of 5 feet width
exists at both side of the road.

GEOMETRIC DATA OF SHOHID NOOR HOSSAIN SQUARE(ZERO- POINT)
INTERSECTION
Shohid Noor Hossain Square (Zero-Point) to Polton: -
Type of the Road : Two lanes two-way road
Median : 3 feet wide median
Availability of exclusive tum lane : No such facility yet Pedestrian Sidewalk
: Footpath of 5 feet width
exists at both side of the road.

GEOMETRIC DATA OF BIJOY SHORONI INTERSECTION
• Shohid Jiaur Rahman main road to Bijoy Shoroni intersection:
Type of the Road : Four lanes two-way road.Width of the
Carriageway : 30 ft
Availability of exclusive turn lane : No such facility yet
Pedestrian Sidewalk : Footpath of 5 feet width exist at both
side of the road
Kazi Nazrul islam evenue to Bijoy Sarani inrtersection :
Type of the Road : Four lanes two-way road
Availability of exclusive tum lane : No such facility yet.
Pedestrian Sidewalk : Footpath of 5 feet width exists at both side of theroad

GEOMETRIC DATA OF BIJOY SHORONI INTERSECTION
Tejgaon link road to Bijoy Shoroni intersection:
Type of the Road : Four lanes two-way road.
Width of the Carriageway Lane : 28 ft
Land Width : 10 ft
Median : 3 feet Wide median
Availability of exclusive turn lane : Left turn lane available.
Pedestrian Sidewalk : Footpath of 5 feet width exist sat both of the road.
Novotheater walking road to Bijoy Sarani intersection:-
Type of the Road : Four lanes two-way road.
Lane Width : 10-12 ft.
Median : 3 feet wide Median.
Availability of exclusive turn lane : No such facility yet.
Pedestrian Sidewalk : Footpath of 5 feet width exists at both of the road
•
•
•
•
•
•

DIRECTIONAL, TRAFFIC COUNT OF SHOID NOOR HOSSAIN SQUARE (ZERO-POINT)
INTERSECTION (PEAK HOUR)
Motijheel to High court
Table 4.4.1: Directional Traffic Count of (13.09.22)
Time Period Describe
of Traffic
Nos Describe
of Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
8.00am to 9 am
Bus 53 Motorcyc
le
95
381
Bicycle 15 CNG 50
Privet Car 66 Rickshaw 85
Pickup 17
Time Period Describe of
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
Bus 66 Motorcycle 100
426
Bicycle 12 CNG 66
Pickup 6

High court to Motijheel
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
8.00 am to
9.00 am
358
Bicycle 10 CNG 65
Pickup 16
Time Period
Describe of
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
458
Bicycle 25 CNG 77
Pickup 08

Polton to Gulistan
Table 4.4.3: Directional traffic count of (16.09.22)
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
8.00 am to
9.00 am
358
Bicycle 10 CNG 65
Pickup 16
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
392
Bicycle 15 CNG 77
Pickup 11

Gulistan to Polton
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
8.00 am to
9.00 am
358
Bicycle 10 CNG 65
Pickup 16
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
410
Bicycle 12 CNG 89
Pickup 6

Intersectional Traffic Count of Bijoy sarani intersection
Shahid Ziaur Rahman main road to Kazi Nazrul islam evenue
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
8.00 am to
9.00 am
468
Bicycle 10 CNG 98
Pickup 5
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
530
Bicycle 17 CNG 109
Pickup 2

Kazi Nazrul islam evenue to shohid Ziaur Rahman main road
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
8.00 am to
9.00 am
533
Bicycle 17 CNG 115
Pickup 5
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
530
Bicycle 15 CNG 130
Pickup 5

Novo theatre walking Road to Tejgaon link road
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
8.00 am to
9.00 am
437
Bicycle 12 CNG 90
Pickup O
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
442
Bicycle 10 CNG 100
Pickup 2

Tejgaon link Road to Novo theatre walking Road
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
8.00 am to
9.00 am
Buss 40 Motorcycle 130
437
Bicycle 15 CNG 111
Pickup 1
Traffic
Nos Describe of
Traffic
Nos Total
Count of
Vehicle
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
Buss 45 Motorcycle 123
424
Bicycle 8 CNG 95
Pickup 5

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
5.1 General
This chapter contains the analysis of all collected data to find out the solution to be
Adopted for the treatment of the intersection in a proper manner. In this aspect all the data have been accumulated
and then have been categorized under respective section
then is analyzed to draw an effective solution of the problems.
5.2 Process of analysis
The field data have been analyzed under the following process:
Directional traffic flow has been collected along various directions and for various days of the week for understanding
the total flow of the traffic through the intersections.
Directional traffic flow data have been collected for proper allocation of channelized island.
To find out the appropriate solution behavior of the road users (vehicles, Pedestrians) and the existing facilities has been
considered.
Geometric condition of the site has been considered for further management.
To clear understanding of the calculation process charts and table have been attached.
Finally, a design has been proposed with consideration of all data analyzed for intersection.

Results
RATE OF VOLUME PCU AT VARIOUS DIRECTIONS FOR SHOHIÐ NOOR
HOSSAIN SQUARE(ZERO-POINT) INTERSECTION, PEAK HOUR
Table 5.5.1 PCU of vehicle per hour for noor Hossain square zero point intersection.
Count 1: Motijheel to High Court (8:00-9.00 am 13.09.2022) Count 2. Motijheel to High Court 4:00-5.00 pm
Traffic
PCU Describe of
Traffic
PCU Rate of
volume
(PCU) hr
8.00 am to
9.00 am
517
Bicycle 08 CNG 25
Pickup 17
Traffic
PCU Describe of
Traffic
PCU Rate of
volume
(PCU) hr
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
592
Bicycle 6 CNG 33
Pickup 6

Polton to Gulistan
Table 5.5.3 PCU of vehicle per hour for noor Hossain square zero point intersection.
Count 1 Polton to Gulistan (8:00-9.00 am 16.09.2022) Count 2 .Polton to Gulistan ( 4:00-5.00 pm)
Traffic
PCU Describe of
Traffic
PCU Rate of
volume
(PCU) hr
8.00 am to
9.00 am
495
Bicycle 5 CNG 33
Pickup 16
Traffic
PCU Describe of
Traffic
PCU Rate of
volume
(PCU) hr
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
545
Bicycle 8 CNG 39
Pickup 11

RATE OF VOLUME PCU AT VARIOUS DIRECTIONS FOR BIJOY SARANI INTERSECTION, PEAK HOUR
Shahid Jiaur Rahman main road to Kazi Nazrul islam evenue
Table 5.5.5 PCU of vehicle per hour for Bijoy sarani intersection.
Count 1. Shahid jiaur Rahman main road to Kazi Nazrul islam evenue
(8:00-9.00 am 20.09.2022). Count 2 . Shahid jiaur Rahman main road to
Kazi Nazrul islam evenue (4:00-5.00 pm)
Traffic
PCU Describe of
Traffic
PCU Rate of
volume
(PCU) hr
8.00 am to
9.00 am
452
Bicycle 5 CNG 49
Pickup 5
Traffic
PCU Describe of
Traffic
PCU Rate of
volume
(PCU) hr
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
711
Bicycle 9 CNG 55
Pickup 2

Novo theatre walking Road to Tejgaon link Road
Traffic
PCU Describe of
Traffic
PCU Rate of
volume
(PCU) hr
8.00 am to
9.00 am
571
Bicycle 6 CNG 45
Pickup 0
Table 5.5.7 PCU of vehicle per hour for Bijoy sarani intersection
Count 1. Novo theatre walking Road to Tejgaon link Road ( 8:00-9.00
am 26.09.2022)
Traffic
PCU Describe of
Traffic
PCU Rate of
volume
(PCU) hr
4.00 pm to
5.00 pm
565
Bicycle 5 CNG 38
Pickup 2
Count 2 . Novo theatre walking
Road to Tejgaon link Road 4:00-5.00 pm

5.5.9 Analysis of traffic flow between intersections.
Describe of traffic Name of the intersections
Motijheel to High court Gulistan to polton Shahid Jaur Rahman main road
to Kazi Nazrul islam evenue
Novo theatre walking road
to Tejgaon link road
Buss 119 116 142 110
CNG 116 142 207 190
Motorcycle 195 152 226 232
Privet car 144 110 148 110
Rickshaw 183 178 232 213
Bicycle 27 25 27 22
Pickup 23 27 07 02

5.6 Describe of the traffic difference among the intersections.
We are used time stramps video camera software to count the traffic on the intersections. Video was captured for an
hour two times a day, and data was collected later by rewinding the videos.
1.Motijheel to high court:
We are counted the traffic two times a day on the date of 13.09.2022 at 8.00 am to 9.00 am and 4.00 pm to 5.00 pm.
We got the traffic on bus 53 and 66, bicycle 15 and 12, privet car 66 and 78, pickup 17 and 6 , motorcycle 95 and 100,
CNG 50 and 66 rikshaw 85 and 98 respectively by counting twice a day. Where total traffic counts are 381 and 426
respectively.
This road is two lanes two way, wide of the carriageway 20 ft, lane width 10-12 ft and the median is 3 ft wide.
In this intersection we counts maximum traffic then gulistan to polton road. Because of the office going traffic such as
privet car, motorcycle and rickshaw was more then gulistan to polton road.

Traffic difference among the intersections.
2.Gulistan to polton:
Similarly we are counted the traffic two times a day on the date of 16.09.2022 at 8.00 am to 9.00 am and 4.00 pm to 5.00 pm.
We got the traffic on bus 52 and 60, bicycle 10 and 12, privet car 55 and 65, pickup 16 and 06 , motorcycle 72 and 80, CNG 65
and 89 rikshaw 88 and 98 respectively by counting twice a day. Where total traffic counts are 358 and 410 respectively.
This road is two lanes two way, wide of the carriageway 20 ft, lane width 10-12 ft and the median is 3 ft wide.
3. Shohid jiaur rahman main road to kazi Nazrul islam evenue:
We are counted the traffic two times a day on the date of 20.09.2022 at 8.00 am to 9.00 am and 4.00 pm to 5.00 pm.
We got the traffic on bus 66 and 76, bicycle 10 and 17, privet car 70 and 87, pickup 05 and 02 , motorcycle 107 and 119, CNG
98 and 109 rikshaw 112 and 120 respectively by counting twice a day. Where total traffic counts are 468 and 530 respectively.
This is four lanes two way road, wide of the carriageway 30 ft, lane width 10-12 ft and the median is 3 ft wide.
Similarly in this intersection we counts maximum traffic then novo theatre walking road to Tejgaon link road. Because of the
office going traffic such as privet car, motorcycle and rickshaw was more then novo theatre walking road to Tejgaon link road.

Traffic difference among the intersections.
4.Novo theatre walking road to Tejgaon link road :
Similarly we are counted the traffic two times a day on the date of 26.09.2022 at 8.00 am to 9.00 am and 4.00 pm to
5.00 pm.
We got the traffic on bus 50 and 60, bicycle 12 and 10, privet car 60 and 50, pickup 02 and 0 , motorcycle 112 and 120,
CNG 90 and 100 rikshaw 113 and 100 respectively by counting twice a day. Where total traffic counts are 437 and 442
respectively.
This is also four lanes two way road, wide of the carriageway 30 ft, lane width 10-12 ft and the median is 3 ft wide.

Conclusion and Recommendations
6.1 CONCLUSIONS
Shohid Noor Hossain Square (Zero-Point) and Bijoy sharani both intersections are
two most important intersections in Dhaka city carrying a large traffic volume. The
Principal objective of this research was to evaluate the capacity of the intersections
and find out the main causes of operational failure and to find out the economic
Solution of the problems. During our site visit, for taking the exact data we applied
Following manners:
This both intersections have eight directions and traffic data has been collected
from each direction. All data have been collected on the vehicle per hour basis using
passenger car unit (PCU) as the unit measuring the traffic.

CONCLUSIONS
The highest average traffic flow rate at Shohid Noor Hossain Square (Zero- Point) intersection, peak hour is 1640
PCU per hour in Thursday, of which the lowest traffic flow is 871 PCU per hour in Wednesday. Shohid Noor
Hossain Square (Zero Point) intersection, off peak hour average traffic flow rate maximum is 1617 PCU per hour
in Thursday day and minimum is 858 PCU per hour in Wednesday. On the other hand, Bijoy shoroni
intersection, the average maximum traffic flow rate at peak hour is 3125 PCU per hour in Thursday and
minimum is 967 PCU per hour in Friday. Where Bijoy Sarani intersection off peak hour maximum traffic flow
rate is 2874 PCU per hour in Thursday and minimum is 763 PCU per hour in Friday. Traffic flow is relatively
lower in Friday in each intersection because of weekly vacation.
Major causes for operational failure found at both Shohid Noor Hossain
Square (Zero-Point) and Bijoy Sarani intersection are illegal parking, lack of social
awareness, lack of morality, not following traffic rules, manual signal and illegal road
crossing by pedestrian. No use of sign or marking, in appropriate design of
intersection, absence of overpass or underpass etc.

RECOMMENDATIONS
This step following by Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka City Corporation, Roads and Highway.
 More public and privet transport facility should be introduced.
 Non-motorized vehicles should be restricted from the major roads.
 Wrong side traffic flow should be restricted.
 High parking fine should be imposed.
 Sign, marking should be imposed on the intersection area.
 Continuous road divider could be installed.
 Laws should be enforced properly in order to improve that situation.
 A median provides refuge for pedestrians crossing a wide road.
 A crosswalk improves pedestrian connectivity and decreases pedestrian delay.

REFERENCES
Botswana Guideline 9-Traffic data Collection
Botswana Guideline 9-Traffic data Collection& Analysis-2004.
Donjon Park and Laurence R.Rilett ' Forecasting Multiple-Period Freeway Link
Travel. Department of Urban and Regional Planning (URP), Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
EHWA Traffic Monitoring Guide, June 2013.
Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Ministry of Communications
(Roads and Railways Division).
H.M. Zhang 'A link journey speed model for arterial traffic Research Report, Civil
and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, December 1,1998.
Hobeika, A. G., Dhulipala, S. "Estimation of Travel Times on Urban Freeways Under
Habib, K.M.N., 2002. Evaluation of planning options to alleviate traffic congestion
and resulting air pollution in Dhaka city. Department of Civil Engineering, PP. 1-157.
Habib, M. A., Ahmed, M. and Siddique, M.Z.H., 2005. Transportation Problems and
Osman, S. 2010. Dhaka's Traffic Problem-Opportunities and Suggested Solutions.
Incident Conditions" Transportation Research Record No. 1867. pg. 97,
Transportation Plan, S.T. 2005. Strategic Transport Plan for Dhaka-Final Report, Dhaka transport
Co- ordination Board, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
System Deficiencies of Dhaka city an Integrated Approach for Solutions. BURP thesis,
Times Do Modular Neural Networks Paper for Presentation at the Transportation
Research Board Journal, Washington D.C.1998.
Research Board Journal, Washington D.C, January 2004.

APPENDIX
Type of Vehicle PCU Factor
Private Car 1
Micro 1.5
Bus 3
Truck 3
Pick-up 1
Motorcycle 0.75
Bicycle 0.50
Rickshaw 2
CNG 0.5
Geometric Design standards for roads and highways
Department Passenger Car Unit (PCU) Values

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