2. Mobility and immobility
• Mobility refers to a person’s ability to move
about freely
• Immobility refers to the inability to do so
3. Hazards of immobility
• Respiratory system
• Cardiovascular system
• Musculoskeletal system
• Metabolic system
• Gastro intestinal system
• Urinary system
• Skin
• Psychosocial outlook
11. Psychosocial changes
• Decreased self concept
• Feeling of worthlessness
• Diminished self esteem
• Apathetic
• Altered thought process
• Coping difficulties
• Disturbed sleep pattern
12. factors influencing body alignment
and mobility
• Growth and development
• Physical health
• Mental health
• Nutritional status
• Life style practices
• Environment
13.
14. Assessment
• History
▫ Daily activity level
▫ Exercise
▫ Fitness goals
▫ Mobility problems
▫ Physical and mental alternations
• Physical examination
▫ Movement and gait
▫ Alignment
▫ Joint structure and function
▫ Muscle mass and power
▫ ADL
17. Nursing diagnosis
• Impaired walking
• Fatigue
• Risk for activity intolerance
• Risk for falls
• Risk for injury
• Risk for physical trauma
• Risk for pressure ulcer
• Risk for disuse syndrome
• Risk for impaired skin integrity
18. Interventions
• Goal
▫ Long term :
Patient will maintain or regain normal body
alignment, activity or mobility level.
▫ Short term:
Demonstrate correct body alignment
whenever observed
Demonstrate full ROM
Perform ADL with assistance
Be free from skin breakdown
20. Planning/implementation
Position the patient to maintain normal
body alignment
Change position every 2 hourly
Teach to use overhead trapeze
Provide exercise
Isometric
Isotonic
Passive ROM
(Offer analgesics 30 mts prior to exercise)
21. Planning/implementation
• Airway clearance problem
▫ Deep breathing and coughing exercises
▫ Chestphysiotherapy
▫ Suctioning
• Monitor vital signs
before and after activity
• Instruct to stop if he is unable to tolerate
• Renal problems
▫ Increase fluid intake
▫ Frequent position changes
22. Planning/implementation
• Risk for injury
▫ Keep side rails
▫ Do not leave the patient un attended
▫ Take all safety measures
• Nutrition
▫ Provide balance diet
Sufficient proteins, CHO, vitamins and minerals.
Increase fluid intake
• Encourages for ADL
▫ Assist for brushing, combing etc
• Ambulate the patient at the earliest
23. Planning/implementation
• Elimination
▫ High fiber diet
▫ Add more fruits, vegetables and fluids
▫ Changing position and exercises
• Keep the patient clean and tidy
▫ Prevent soiling linens
▫ Provide/assist sponge bath
▫ Observe skin integrity
▫ Take precautions to prevent the
developments of bed sores