list of electrolytes and there normal ranges

1. SODIUM - Sodium is the most abundant cation (pronounced cat-ion) in the blood and its chief base.
It functions in the body to maintain osmotic pressure, acid-base balance and to transmit nerve
impulses. Very Low value: seizure and neurologic symptoms.
Sodium, serum: 136-145 mEq/L
Sodium, urine: 136-145 mEq/L
POTASSIUM - Potassium is the major intracellular cation. Very low value: Cardiac arrhythmia.
Potassium, serum: 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L
Potassium, urine: varies with diet
CHLORIDE - Elevated levels are related to acidosis as well as too much water crossing the cell
membrane. Decreased levels with decreased serum albumin may indicate water deficiency crossing
the cell membrane (edema).
Chloride, CSF: 118-132 mEq/L
Chloride, serum: 95-105 mEq/L
Chloride, sweat: 0-35 mmol/L
Chloride, urine: varies with diet
CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) - The CO2 level is related to the respiratory exchange of carbon dioxide in
the lungs and is part of the bodies buffering system. Generally when used with the other
electrolytes, it is a good indicator of acidosis and alkalinity.
Normal Adult Range: 22-32 mEq/L
Optimal Adult Reading: 27
Normal Childrens Range - 20 - 28 mEq/L
Optimal Childrens Reading: 24
CALCIUM - involved in bone metabolism, protein absorption, fat transfer muscular contraction,
transmission of nerve impulses, blood clotting and cardiac function. Regulated by parathyroid.
Calcium, ionized: 4.4 - 5.1 mg/dL
Calcium, serum: 8.4 - 10.2 mEq/dl
Calcium, urine: 100 - 300 mg/24 h
PHOSPHORUS - Generally inverse with Calcium.
Phosphorus, serum: 3.0 - 4.5 mg/dL
ANION GAP (Sodium + Potassium - CO2 + Chloride) - An increased measurement is associated with
metabolic acidosis due to the overproduction of acids (a state of alkalinity is in effect). Decreased
levels may indicate metabolic alkalosis due to the overproduction of alkaloids (a state of acidosis is
in effect).
Normal Adult Range: 7 - 16 mEq/L
CALCIUM/PHOSPHORUS Ratio
Normal Adult Range: 2.3 - 3.3 (calculated)
Optimal Adult Reading: 2.8

2. Normal Children’s range: 1.3 - 3.3 (calculated)
Optimal Children’s Reading: 2.3
SODIUM/POTASSIUM
Normal Adult Range: 26 - 38 (calculated)
Optimal Adult Reading: 32