1-Introduction to Oil & Gas industry, 2-Petroleum Phases, 3-Oil & gas industry, 4-The life Cycle of Petroleum, 5-Oil Recovery, 6-Comparison between Natural rise and Artificial lift.

2. INTRODUCTION TO OIL
& GAS INDUSTRY
Eng. Mohannad
Hany

3. Content
Introduction to Oil & Gas industry
Petroleum Phases
Oil & gas industry
The life Cycle of Petroleum
Oil Recovery
Comparison between Natural rise and Artificial lift

4. Introduction to oil & gas
industry
Oil and natural gas are
major industries in the
energy market and play
an important role in the
world economy as it’s
the world's primary fuel
sources. The processes
and systems involved in
production and
distribution of oil and
gas are highly complex.

5. Petroleum phases.
Liquid
Phase
Example: Crude Oil
Gas
Phase
Example: LPG &
LNG
Solid
phase
Example:
Bitumen

6. Oil & gas industry.
The industry is often divided into three segments:
Upstream: Includes oil and gas exploration and
production
Midstream: Includes transportation and storage
Downstream: Includes refining and marketing.

7. The life cycle of petroleum.
1. Exploration
2. Appraisal
3. Development
4. Production
5. Abandonment (Shutdown)

8. Oil recovery
Primary Oil Recovery :Primary oil recovery refers to the
process of extracting oil either via the natural rise of
hydrocarbons or artificial pumps.
Secondary Oil Recovery :This method involves the injection
of gas or water, which will displace the oil, force it to move
from its resting place and bring it to the surface.
Enhanced Oil Recovery : Enhanced oil recovery aims to
change its properties to make extraction easy.
There are three main types of enhanced oil recovery:-
I. Thermal recovery
II. Gas injection
III. Chemical injection

10. Comparison between natural rise and
artificial lift
Natural rise
Oil production is done by natural
flow due to the high pressure
difference between the surface and
the underground reservoir.
There are basically six natural
driving mechanisms that
provide the natural energy
necessary for oil recovery:
1-Rock and liquid expansion drive
2-Depletion drive
3-Gas cap drive
4-Water drive
5-Gravity drainage drive
6- Combination drive
Artificial lift
Artificial lift is a method used to
lower the producing bottom hole
pressure (BHP) on the formation
to obtain a higher production rate
from the well. This can be done
with a positive-displacement
downhole pump.
Types of artificial lift:
1-Sucker rod (beam) pumping
(most commonly used).
2-Electrical submersible pumping
(ESP).
3-Gas lift.
4-PCP
5-Hydrulic pump

11. Comparison between natural rise and
artificial lift
Natural rise Artificial lift