This ppt is for Bsc Microbiology students

5. “Magic Bullet”
– Chemicals with selective toxicity
ORIGIN: Selective Stains
DRUG: Arsphenamine (1910)
“606” Salvarsan. (tried 605)
NOBEL: 1908
Paul Ehrlich

6. Gerhard Domagk
• Discovered sulfa drugs which were the
first major class of synthetic drug (Organic
chemical manufactured in lab).
• Sulfa drugs are known as “Sulfonamides”
• ORIGIN: Prontosil (Sulfonamide)
• (Only active in vivo)
• DRUG: Sulfanilamide (1935)
• NOBEL: 1939

7. Alexander Fleming
Microbes make “Antibiotics”
ORIGIN: moldy culture plate
DRUG: Penicillin (1928)
NOBEL: 1945

9. Antibiotics
• An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial
substance active against bacteria and
is the most important type of
antibacterial agent for fighting
bacterial infections.
• Alexander Fleming noticed that the
growth of mold ‘Penicillium notatum’
prevented the growth of bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus.
• This antimicrobial substance was
given name as penicillin.
• Clinical trials were carried out by Ernst
chain and Howard W. Florey.

10. Selman Waksman
• In 1945, isolated an
antibiotic called
“Streptomycin” from
filamentous bacteria called
as ‘Streptomyces griseus’.
• It was broad spectrum
antibiotic.
• He was awarded Nobel
prize in 1952.

11. •Thank You…