Metal forming techniques

2. -The term laser is an stands for light Amplification by stimulated
Emission of Radiation
-In thermal removing process thermal energy
provided by a heat source melts or vaporize the
volume of the material to be removed

3. Principle
-Laser machining is based on
the
Conversion of electrical energy
Into light energy and then to
thermal energy
-Happens only if the material
has high absorption at the
wavelength corresponding to
the laser beam.

4. Advantage
-High accuracy .
-High speed .
-Can drill and cut a small part .
-It possible to cut complex shape .
-Easily automatized
-High production rates can be
achieved.
-The oxide layer is very thin and easy
remove by laser
- Can be machine metal and non metal
workpiece

5. Most Important and Fundamental job in Industry.

6. We have to need
• Large amounts of energy to be localized at
specific areas in order to cause heating
• The mark of laser beam on
machining work piece 10-100 µm
Laser cutting is done with the
assistance of air, oxygen or dry
nitrogen gas jet.

7. CO2 laser operate at 10.6µ m and metals have
high reflectivity at this wavelength this kind of
laser used for marking and welding
Nd:YAG lasers operate at
10.6µ m where metals are
less reflective and are
better candidates for
working on metals.

8. Laser Cutting
A wide range of materials can be cut by CO2
lasers Paper, wood, cloth, glass, quartz,
ceramics, composites, steel etc.
An arrangement for a
gas- laser cutter.
• The mark of laser beam on
machining work piece 10-100 µm

9. Power requirement
Power required for cutting
depends on the material
- Plywood can be cut with a
8 kW CO2
laser while metals can be cut
with 100 to 500 kW output
power of CO2 laser.
Glass 1-cm thick requires 20
kW

11. Laser forming

12. LASER CLOTH
CUTTING

13. LASER DRILLIED SPICIMEN
At micro

14. LASER TAPER MICRON DIAMETER

15. LASER WELD ASSEMBLIES

16. LASER Marking, Engraving,
and Etching
Laser marking has numerous advantages
over alternative technologies including:
•Programmable (computer controlled)
Laser marking is used to induce a
permanent mark

18. LASER Micromachining Workstation

20. LASER
Processing of
Electronic
Material

21. Bar Coding by LASER
CD Cutting by LASER
LASER Marking- Data Matrix
LASER Marking- IC Chips
PCB Marking by LASER

22. SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE LASER

25. Conclusions
Laser is an Intelligent Light Wave
Technology.
Laser can perform All Technological Tasks
.
Laser can perform in All Areas of Studies
.
Laser can perform Low to High Extreme
End.
Laser can perform well with High
Accuracy.
Laser Should be used in A Creative Way.