1. Design and Implementation of A Microcontroller
Based Maximum Power Point Tracking Solar Charge
Controller
M.Sc. Thesis Defense
December 2016
Presented By
Md Rokonuzzaman
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2. Board of Examiners
Supervisor
Gp Capt Md. Hossam-E-Haider, PhD, BAF
Professor, Dept. of EECE, MIST, Dhaka-1216
Member
Major Hussain Md. Abu Nyeem, PhD, EME
Associate Professor, Dept. of EECE, MIST, Dhaka-1216
External
Dr. Shahidul Islam Khan
Professor, Dept. of EEE, BUET, Dhaka-1000
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3. Presentation Outline
• Introduction and Basics
• Operating Principle & Switching
Mechanism (SM)
• Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
• Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)
• P&O Algorithm
• MPPT CC Simulation & Output
• Hardware Design
• Experimental Setup & Results
• Cost Analysis
• Conclusion
• Research Outcomes & Certification
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4. Introduction
• Charge controllers manage interactions and energy flows
between a PV array, battery, and electrical load.
Why Have a CC?
• Prevents Battery Overcharge
• Blocks Reverse Current
• Prevent Over-discharge from
Batteries
• Prevent Electrical Overload
• Displays System Status
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5. CC Features
• Battery Charging
• Overcharge Protection (HVD-14.3)
• Over Discharge Protection (LVD-11.6)
• Displays
Single-stage battery charging is
simpler to manage, but
multistage battery charging
brings battery to a higher state
of charge.
CC protect batteries from
overcharge by limiting
charging current.
CC protect batteries from
over discharge by controlling
discharge current. Most CC include LEDs to
indicate battery & panel
voltage, SOC etc. 5
6. Types of CC
• Series CC
• Shunt CC
• Diversionary CC
• Hybrid CC
Series CC control charging current by opening the circuit
from array.
Shunt CC control charging current by short-circuiting the array
A diversionary CC regulates charging current by diverting
excess power to an auxiliary load when the battery is fully
charged.
Hybrid CC manage multiple current source simultaneously.
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7. Set Points (SP) of CC
• Charge Regulation (CR)
• Voltage Regulation (VR)
• Load Control (LC)
• Equalization
CR setpoints are the voltage levels at which the CC limits the
charging current from the array to the battery.
VR setpoints depends on the type of battery & CC.
LC setpoints are the voltage levels at which the CC limits the
discharging current from the battery to the loads.
The equalization setpoint brings the battery voltage to a level
that is higher than the normal charge regulation voltage.
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9. PWM
• Red area represents energy
going to battery for charging
• Charging rate can be
adjusted by changing the
ratio between the amount of
time the pulse occurs and the
amount of time between
pulses.
• Wide pulses with little time
between them provides high
charging rate.
• Narrow pulses with much
time between them a low
charging rate.
PWM simulates a lower
current level by pulsing a
higher current level ON and
OFF for short intervals.
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10. MPPT
• MPPT manipulates the load/output voltage of an array
• To maintain operation at or near the MPP under
changing temperature and irradiance conditions.
• Increase 30%
more power
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11. MPPT Based on P&O Algorithm
Flowchart of P&O technique 11
22. Conclusions
• Customized Programming Control Unit
• LCD Display for System Status
• Laptop or Smart Phone Interfacing Facility
• Wireless and Remote Controlling Facility
• Integrated External Electronic Device Charging
Unit
• Highly Protective from Over Current, High-Low
Voltage and Reverse Power
• Experimented Average Efficiency 96.52%
• Total Production Cost BDT 2047 Only
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