The problem of antimicrobial resistance is widespread worldwide. Clinicians should be aware of their role and responsibility for maintaining the effectiveness of current and future antimicrobials.

1. The threat of antimicrobial resistance is one of the major challenges associated with
the management of surgical infections.
Antimicrobial resistance can:
• lead to some infections becoming untreatable
• lead to inappropriate empirical treatment in critically ill patients where an
appropriate and prompt treatment is mandatory
• increase length of hospital stay, morbidity, mortality and cost
• make necessary alternative antimicrobials which are more toxic, less
effective, or more expensive
At the 68th World Health Assembly in May 2015, the World Health Assembly
endorsed a global action plan to tackle antimicrobial resistance.
It sets out five strategic objectives:
1. to improve awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance
2. to strengthen knowledge through surveillance and research
3. to reduce the incidence of infection
4. to optimize the use of antimicrobial agents
5. to develop the economic case for sustainable investment that takes account
of the needs of all countries, and increase investment in new medicines,
diagnostic tools and other interventions
Antimicrobial resistance is widespread worldwide
Clinicians should be aware of their role and responsibility for maintaining the effectiveness of current and future
antimicrobials. Health workers can help tackle resistance by: enhancing infection prevention and control,
prescribing and dispensing the right antimicrobial(s) to treat the illness when they are truly needed
Antimicrobial resistance is a natural phenomenon that occurs as microbes evolve. However, healthcare workers can
accelerate the development of antimicrobial resistance.
Incorrect and injudicious use of antibiotics, as well as poor prevention and control of infections can contribute to the
development of antimicrobial resistance
The Global Burden of
Antimicrobial Resistance
WHAT TO DO?
www.infectionsinsurgery.org
IMPACT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE