Matter and its Properties Slides

1. MATTER
AND ITS
PROPERTIES

2. Particles
Composing
Matter
ATOMS MOLECULES IONS
Smallest unit of an element
that maintains the
chemical identity of that
element
Composed of one type of
atoms, that can not be
broken down into simpler,
stable substance
Charged particle: positively
or negatively

3. Properties of
Matter
PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES
EXTENSIVE
PROPERTIES
INTENSIVE
PROPERTIES
are characteristics
that scientists can
measure without
changing the
composition of the
sample under
study, such as
mass, color, and
volume
describe the
characteristic
ability of a
substance to react
to form new
substances; they
include its
flammability and
susceptibility to
corrosion.
Depends on the amount
of the substance: mass,
weight, and volume
Does not depend on the amount of the
substance: color, melting point, boiling
point, electrical conductivity, and physical
state at a given temperature

4. MATTER
(Based on number of
components present)
PURE
SUBSTANCE
ELEMENTS
MIXTURES
Composed of simple
atom
Composed of two or
more atoms
Uniform, or the
same phase and
composition
COMPOUNDS
HOMOGENEOUS
MIXTURE
HETEROGENEOUS
MIXTURE
Not uniform through
out the composition

5. MIXTURES
(Based on particle size of
the components)
SOLUTION SUSPENSION
contains very small
particle sizes (less than
1 nanometer in
diameter). A solution is
physically stable and
the components cannot
be separated by
decanting or
centrifuging the
sample.
appears homogeneous to the
naked eye, but particles are
apparent under microscope
magnification. Particle sizes
range from 1 nanometer to 1
micrometer. Like solutions,
colloids are physically stable.
They exhibit the Tyndall effect.
Colloid components can't be
separated using decantation,
but may be isolated
are often large enough that
the mixture appears
heterogeneous. Stabilizing
agents are required to keep
the particles from
separating. Like colloids,
suspensions exhibit
the Tyndall effect.
Suspensions may be
separated using either
decantation or
centrifugation.
COLLOID