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1.  1800 BCE – Hebrews:
nomadic tribes from
Canaan (later called
Palestine and present
day Iraq)
 Hebrews considered
themselves the
chosen people: direct
descendants of
Abraham and Isaac.
 Hebrew belief was
Monotheistic

2.  1500 B.C.E. – Hebrews
moved to Egypt because
of a drought– used by
Egyptians as a work force.
 1250 – Moses led Hebrews
back to Canaan (across
Sinai)
 1025 – Formed Kingdoms of
Judea and Israel. Kings
David and Solomon build
the first temple in 1000 BCE

3.  586 B.C.E - Conquered by Babylonians –1st
temple destroyed – first Diaspora (scattering of
people)
 539 BCE - Babylon falls to Persian Rule (Cyrus)
 300 BCE Persians allowed Hebrews back - built a
second temple (165 BCE.)
Projected model of the 2nd Temple Wailing Wall – the remaining remnants
of the 2nd Temple.

4.  70 CE Romans
destroyed Jerusalem
and the second temple
- second Jewish
Diaspora (scattering
Jews to other parts of
the world).
 Romans renamed the
area Syria Palaestina
(after the Hebrew enemy
Philistines)

5.  313 CE Christianity
centers in Jerusalem
(due to Roman Emperor
Constantine)
 639 CE – Muslim Arab
armies capture
Jerusalem – build the
Dome of the Rock
 1096 CE Pope sends
men to recapture the
Holy Land (Crusades).
Christians did not defeat
the Arabs.
 1516 – 1917 Ottoman
Turks (Muslims) take
over Palestine.
The Dome of the Rock

6. Israelis = Jewish people (Jews)
Palestinians = Arab people (Muslims)
The reason neither want to give up their
land rights to Israel because they both
consider Israel to be a holy land since
they both have religious sites in Israel

7. STOP

8.  Late 1800’s: Zionism – a
movement among
European Jews to set up
a Jewish homeland in
Palestine.
 Persecution of Jews (Anti-
Semitism) became
rampant in Europe due to:
Jews kept to themselves
in communities, churches,
usury.

9.  WWI: The Ottoman
Empire sided with
Germany and Austria
Hungary
 Britain’s promises:
1.Arabs land in
Palestine if they help
fight the Ottomans.
2. Jews a national
homeland in Palestine
for Jewish support
during the War.
(Balfour Declaration)

10. • WWII 1930-40’s: Nazis rise to power – many Jews
fled to Palestine – Jewish numbers restricted to
Palestine. (immigrants or refugees?)
• Result of WWII – Palestine turned over to the
United Nations in 1947.

11.  1947 United Nations
Partition Plan: The U.N.
splits Palestine into a
Jewish state and an
Arab state.
 Territory known as the
West Bank and Gaza
were given to the
Jewish people
 Arabs object to giving
any territory to Jews.
 (Fill in first blank map)
• Arabs – Black
• Jews - Yellow

12. 1948 Israeli War for
Independence
 Jews announce the creation of
Israel.
 Arab nations declare war at
once, and military forces are
sent.
 1949 - Israel defeats Arab
forces with the help from the
U.S. Armistice is called by UN.
UN annexes almost half the
area set aside for Arabs under
the UN partition plan + half of
Jerusalem. Jordan gets West
Bank, Egypt gets Gaza Strip,
and Syria gets Golan Heights.
 Arab refugees flee to those
three areas.

13.  1956: Egypt nationalizes
Suez Canal (completed by
French in 1869, then
controlled by Britain because
of access to Indian colony)
 Egypt blocks Israel’s use
of the Suez Canal
 Israel, Britain and
France attack Egypt.
Conflict ends in a UN
cease fire.

14.  1964: Creation of the PLO ( Palestinian
Liberation Organization). The primary goal – a
state for Palestinian Arabs.
 This was the first real government to
represent the Palestinians and work to get
them their own state
• Leader was Yasser Arafat.

15.  1967; The Six-Day War –
Israel initiates a strike on
Egyptian air force on the
ground – destroys them
 Israel captures East
Jerusalem and the West
Bank from Jordan, the
Golan Heights from Syria,
the Gaza Strip and Sinai
Peninsula from Egypt. All
three become known as
the Occupied Territories.
 (Fill out the second map.)

16.  1973: The Yom Kippur War: Nothing won or lost. Egypt and
Syria try to get back lands taken in Six-Day War – ends in a
UN cease fire.
 1979: The Camp David Accords: peace treaty between
Egypt’s President Anwar El Sadat and Israel’s Prime
Minister Menachem Begin. Arranged by President Jimmy
Carter – all three received Nobel Peace Prizes. Sadat was
assassinated in 1981.
Sadat, Carter, and Begin

17.  Land given back to Egypt
after the Camp David
Accords: The Sinai
Peninsula.
 Israel still kept a strong
presence in the three
Occupied Territories.
 (Fill out the Third Map)

18. STOP

19.  1987: Intifada or “the
shaking”. Tired of
Israeli rule, Arabs in
the Occupied
Territories began a
mass uprising. Due to
U.S. support, Israeli
fighters had better
weapons - Palestinian
rights were violated.

20.  1993: The Oslo Accords - PLO and Israel sign peace
agreement: Israel recognized PLO as reps of Palestinian
people. PLO recognized the Israel’s existence. Palestinians
gained control of Gaza Strip and Jericho (in West Bank). Both
Yitzhak Rabin (Israel) and Yasser Arafat (PLO) received Nobel
Peace Prizes. Rabin is assassinated soon after.

21. (Final Map)
•Territory gained in 1993 –
today. Parts of West Bank and
Gaza have pockets of
Palestinian residents, but Israel
still controls the territory.
•1994 – 2004 saw many ups
and downs between
Palestinians and Israelis:

22. • U.S. government assistance to Israel began in 1949 with a
$100 million Export-Import Bank Loan
• From 1949 -1965, U.S. aid to Israel averaged about $63
million a yr, over 95% was economic development
assistance and food aid.
• Until 2003, Israel received approx. one-third of the annual US
foreign aid budget. In 2005, the US gave Israel more than $2.6
billion in aid, a budget exceeded only by US aid to Iraq.
• Since World War II, Israel has been the largest overall
recipient of US aid:1949-2006 Israel received more than $156
billion of direct US aid.
History of U.S. Government Aid to Israel

23.  September 11, 2001 – it has been noted that
one of the main causes of the World Trade
Center and Pentagon Terrorist attacks on
9/11/01: United States’ continual support of
Israel.
 The Palestenian and Arab community have blamed
America for assisting the Jewish people and taking
Arab land (to include redrawing boundaries after
WWI/WWII)

24.  2004 - Security barrier was built in the West Bank, Arafat
dies, and Mahmoud Abbas, a known member of HAMAS, was
elected President of Palestinian National Authority.
 HAMAS: Islamic Resistance Movement
• Violent Palestinian terrorist organization that was voted into
government power by the Palestinian people
• Wants to end the Jewish rule in Israel and make it a
Palestinian/Arab state

25. • Israel's Separation Barrier, dubbed the "Apartheid Wall" or "Berlin Wall" by
Palestinians, has attracted international attention, largely due to the scale of
the project.
•The historical parallel to the barrier is the Berlin Wall, which was 96 miles
long. Israel's barrier is expected to reach at least 403 miles in length. The
average height of the Berlin Wall was 11.8 ft, compared with the max current
height of Israel's Wall - 25 ft.
•Israel's barrier is therefore planned to be four times as long and in places
twice as high as the Berlin Wall.

26. 8/15/05 – Israeli’s
evacuated the Gaza
Strip and 4 West
Bank settlements.
Gaza is an area
similar to Mtn. View to
the Freeway, then to
the Boise River.
 There are 1.2 million
Palestinians living
there.

27. In December 2009,
the Israeli
government
ordered a 10-month
lull in permits for
new settlement
homes in the West
Bank.
 Mohamed Abbas
threatened to
abandon
negotiations if
settlement
construction was
renewed. He said
"Israel has a
moratorium for 10
months and it should
be extended for
three to four months
more to give peace a
chance.”