WAPDA was created in 1958 to coordinate and direct the development of water and power schemes in Pakistan. It has since been divided into WAPDA, responsible for water and hydropower development, and PEPCO, responsible for thermal power generation, transmission, distribution and billing. PEPCO oversees the corporatized DISCOs, GENCOs and NTDC. WAPDA's total hydel capacity is 6,654 MW and total thermal capacity is 4,811 MW, for a total capacity of 11,272 MW. The document provides further details on the organizational structures, responsibilities and capacities of WAPDA, PEPCO, NTDC and GEPCO.

1. WAPDA
WAPDA, the Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority, was created in 1958
as a Semi-Autonomous Body for the purpose of coordinat ing and giving a unified direct ion
to the development of schemes in Water and Power Sectors, which were previously being
dealt with, by the respect ive Elect ricity and I rrigat ion Department of the Provinces.
Since October 2007, WAPDA has been divided into two dist inct ent ities i.e. WAPDA and
Pakistan Elect ric Power Company (PEPCO).
 WAPDA is responsible for water and hydropower development
 PEPCO is vested with the responsibility of thermal power generat ion, t ransmission,
dist ribut ion and billing.
 PEPCO has been fully empowered and is responsible for the management of all the
affairs of corporat ized eight Dist ribution Companies (DISCOs), four Generat ion
Companies (GENCOs) and a Nat ional Transmission Dispatch Company (NTDC). These
companies are working under independent Board of Directors (Chairman and some
Directors are from Private Sectors).
 The Companies are administ rat ively autonomous and leading to financial autonomy
by rest ructuring their balance sheet s by bringing their equity posit ion to at least 20
percent , required to meet the prudent ial regulat ions and to facilitate financing from
commercial sector (approved by ECC).
 The Loan Liability Transfer Agreement s (LLTA) have been signed with Corporate Ent it ies
and execut ion of loan t ransfer is complete.
 All Ent ities have the physical possessions of all their operat ional asset s.
 On 24th Feb. 2007 Minist ry of Water & Power not ified NEPRAapproved Tariff for all
Dist ribut ion Companies replacing unified WAPDA Tariff.
 Legal Agreement s such as Business Transfer Agreement s, Operat ion Development
Agreement , Energy Supply Agreement , Business Supplementary Agreement and Fuel
Supply Agreement etc. were executed between WAPDA and Corporate Ent ities to
facilitate commercial operat ions.
 Regulatory inst rument s like Grid Code, Dist ribut ion Codes, Performance Standard for
Dist ribut ion Companies and Transmission Companies were drafted and got approved
in 2007.
 All major lenders gave their consent for t ransfer of their loan from WAPDA to Corporate
Ent ities, thus 326 loan assumpt ion agreement were signed amongst respect ive
Companies, WAPDA and EAD (Economic Affairs Division) GOP.
 CPPA is established under the coverage of NTDC for payment s from DISCOs to IPPs,
GENCOs and NTDC. Ult imately, it will funct ion independent ly under Federal Govt . and
all forthcoming IPPs will be under CPPA.

2. WINGS OF WAPDA
 water wing
 power wing
POWER WING
Power wing is headed by Member (Power). After Re-st ructuring in
2007, Power Wing was split up into companies i.e. NTDC, DISCOs & GENCOs and separated
from WAPDA. Power wing now looks after Hydropower Generat ion only
Mandate of Residual WAPDA Power Wing
 Operat ion & maintenance of 19 Hydel Power Stat ions
 Rehabilitat ion of Exist ing old Hydel Power Stat ions
 Technical monitoring of E&M Works of new project s
 Training act ivities for Capacity Building under G.M (Training).
WATER WING
Member (Water) heads the Water Wing of WAPDA for execut ion of project s in the
ent ire count ry. For execut ion of water sector and hydropower development project s
General Managers, Chief Engineers and Project Directors are responsible for their
implementat ion and execut ion. The project s located in Gilgit Balt istan and northern side of
Pakistan are being executed by General Manager (Northern Areas), Project s located in
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Mangla Dam Raising Project s by General Manager (Project s)
North, Neelum Jhelum Hydropower Project located in Azad Jammu Kashmir by MD/CEO
NJHPC, Project s located in Punjab by General Manager (Cent ral) Water, Project s located in
Sindh and Balochistan by General Manager (Project s) South. In addit ion, the Water Wing has
a General Manager (Coordinat ion and Monitoring) Water for coordinat ion between various
WAPDA format ions with Minist ry and other nat ional and internat ional format ions, monitoring
of WAPDA ongoing, completed and proposed project s, career management and general
administ rat ion of water wing (Grade-1 to Grade-19). The Planning Division of Water Wing,
headed by a General Manager, looks after all planning act ivities on the water side. The
act ivities of hydropower development are handled by General Manager (Hydro) Planning.
Cent ral Design Office is headed by General Manager (CDO) and the mat ters of land
acquisit ion and reset t lement are looked after by General Manager (Land Acquisit ion and
Reset t lement ). The Environment cell and dam safety organizat ion and other technical
services are being headed by General Manager (Technical Services). General Manager

3. (Tarbela) cont rols the operat ion and maintenance of Tarbela Dam while General Manager
(Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Project ) looks after Ghazi Barotha Hydropower Project .
DISCOs
Following are the nine dist ribut ion companies.
1. GEPCO
2. LESOC
3. FESCO
4. IESCO
5. MEPCO
6. PESCO
7. HESCO
8. QESCO
WAPDA Hydel
 Tarbela 3478 MW
 Mangla 1000 MW
 Ghazi – Barotha 1450 MW
 Warsak 243 MW
 Chashma 184 MW
 Dargai 20 MW
 Rasul 22 MW
 Shadi-Waal 18 MW
 Nandi pur 14 MW
 Kurram Garhi 4 MW
 Renala 1 MW
 Chit ral 1 MW
 Jagran (AK) 30 MW
 Khankhwar 72 MW
 AllaiKhwar 121 MW
 Total Hydel 6,654 MW

4. WAPDA Thermal
 Gas Turbine Power Station, Shahdra 59 MW
 Steam Power Stat ion, Faisalabad 132 MW
 Gas Turbine Power Station, Faisalabad 244 MW
 Gas Power Stat ion, Multan 195 MW
 Thermal Power Stat ion, Muzaffargarh 1350 MW
 Thermal Power Stat ion, Guddu 1655 MW
 Gas Turbine Power Station, Kot ri 174 MW
 Thermal Power Stat ion, Jamshoro 850 MW
 Thermal Power Stat ion, Larkana 150 MW
 Thermal Power Stat ion, Quet ta 35 MW
 Gas Turbine Power Station, Panjgur 39 MW
 Thermal Power Stat ion, Pasni 17 MW
 Total Thermal 4811 MW
WAPDA’s t ot al hydel and t hermal capacit y is 11,272 MW. Hydel elect ricit y generat ed by
WAPDA varies between two ext remit ies, i.e., between minimum of 2,414 MW and maximum
of 6,761 MW depending upon the river flow.
NTDC
Nat ional Transmission & Despatch Company (NTDC) Limited was incorporated on 6th
November, 1998 and commenced commercial operat ion on 24th December, 1998. I t was
organized to take over all the propert ies, right s and asset s obligat ions and liabilit ies of 220 KV
and 500KV Grid Stat ions and Transmission Lines/Network owned by Pakistan Water and
Power Development Authority (WAPDA). NTDC operates and maintains twelve 500 KV and
twenty nine 220 KV Grid Stations, 5077 km of 500 KV t ransmission line and 7359 km of 220 KV
t ransmission line in Pakistan.
MAIN FUNCTIONS
 Cent ral Power Purchasing Agency
 System Operator
 Transmission Network Operator
 Cont ract Regist rar and Power Exchange Administ rator

5. i) Central Power Purchasing Agency (CPPA):As the Cent ral Power Purchasing
Agency (CPPA), for procurement of power from GENCOs, Hydel &IPPs on behalf of
Dist ribut ion Companies (DISCOS), for delivery through 500 kV, 220 kV & 132kV Network.
ii) System Operator: For secure, safe and reliable operat ion, cont rol and despatch of
generat ion facilit ies.
iii) Transmission Network Operator:For Operat ion & Maintenance, Planning,
Design and expansion of the 500 kV and 220 kV t ransmission network
.
iv) Contract Registrar and Power Exchange Administrator (CRPEA):As
CRPEA, to record and monitor cont ract s relat ing to bilateral t rading system.
MISSION STATEMENT NTDC
To contribute in the development of prosperous Pakistan by managing smooth and
economical t ransmission and despatch system through excellence of professional work.

6. Gujranwala Electric Power
Company (GEPCO)
INTRODUCTION
 GEPCO has been setup over area of jurisdict ion and network of former Area
Elect ricity Board, which was created in early eight ies.
 GEPCO was incorporated on 25th April, 1998. It encompassed the areas of exist ing 06
Dist rict s Gujranwala, Hafizabad, Sialkot, Narowal, Gujrat and Mandi Bahauddin
 GEPCO serves almost 2.454 million consumers, commercializing 6,220 GWh of electric
energy per year, with a peak demand of 1,813 MW.
 It operates approximately 19,786 kilometers of medium voltage distribution line, and
16,726 kilometers of low voltage distribution circuits.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF GEPCO
Brief Introduction
 GEPCO’S dist ribut ion network consist of 11 KV line at HT side and 415 V at LT side.
 There are about 680 Nos. of 11 KV feeders in GEPCO with total length of about
23,956 KM. LT line has length of about 18499 KM.
 There are about 52000 Nos. of Dist ribut ion Transformers installed in GEPCO.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PLANNING
Brief Introduction
 Planning and Engineering (P&E) Sect ion of GEPCO deals with the technical study
of 11 KV (HT) line network and 415 V (LT) line network.
 A Dist ribut ion network is selected for rehabilitat ion on the basis of certain planning
criteria such as voltage drop, power loss, equipment loading, Low power factor,
accommodate future load growth, benefit/cost rat io, etc. For each selected
network, a planning proposal is prepared to achieve the desired benefit s.

7. Rehabilitation Procedure of HT Distribution System Used
in GEPCO
SELECTION PROCDURE:
Rehabilitation of HT Distribution System Selection criteria for HT network to be rehabilitated is
on the basis of certain planning criteria such as high voltage drop, high power loss,
equipment loading, Low power factor, accommodate future load growth, benefit/cost ratio,
etc. For each selected network, a planning proposal is prepared to achieve the desired
benefits.
The required B/C(benefits/cost) for HT proposals > 2
Rehabilitation Procedure of LT Distribution System Used
in GEPCO
SELECTION PROCDURE:
For LT network rehabilitat ion higher priority is given to those areas where dist ribut ion
t ransformers are running beyond 80% loading or LT Line is lengthy, service to service
connect ions exist and consequent ly, the technical parameters (i.e. %Voltage Drop
and %Annual Energy Loss) exceed above permissible limit s. Such LT proposals that give
maximum technical as well as financial benefit s should be executed.
The required B/C(benefit s/cost ) for LT proposals > 1
THE NEW ERA OF PLANNING &
ENGINEERING OF GEPCO P&E
COMPUTER CENTER GEPCO
Objectives of P&E Initiative
 Establish a systematic and comprehensive distribution system planning process within
GEPCO.
 Build P&E’s Technical Capacity to develop distribution system maps, to perform load
flow analyses, to evaluate load forecasts, area planning and contingency planning.
 Development of GIS Mapping and System Planning strategies.
 Prepare cost effective and techincally sound comprehensive work plan.

8.  Modernize and strengthen GEPCO’s Planning & Engineering function to implement
integrated Distribution Planning and Engineering.
P&E COMPUTER CENTER GEPCO
The P&E Computer Center will perform following act ivities:
 GIS Mapping and Database Creat ion( using ARC GIS SOFTWARE)
 Planning & Engineering Analysis( using SYNERGee ELECTRIC SOFTWARE)
 Power Quality Monitoring
Project Management Unit (PMU):
I t is a very important department of gepco it heads or look after all the grids project s
that s are working or under development process.
it s a technical sect ion of gepco most of the experienced and t rained engineers work in this
sect ion
IT works on following sect ions
1. Tranche-1 (Fatehpur TL 132KV)
2. Tranche-2 (Projects)
a. New Grid Substations
b. Conversion's
c. New Transmission Lines.
d. EIA/IEE Reports of Tranche-1 & Tranche-2.

9. Organisational Chart

10. MISSION STATEMENT OF GEPCO
Provide Safe, Secure, Accessible and Reliable Elect ric Power supply to our esteemed
Customers in accordance with their varying needs in a cost effect ive and efficient manner
with special emphasis on excellence and innovat ion.
The main object of the Company is to acquire or take over those propert ies, right s and
liabilit ies of WAPDA AEB Gujranwala and to carry on expand and extend the business and
act ivities of such board or any part thereof including, without limitation, the business of a
public elect ricity dist ribution and supplier. i.e. the business of elect ricity dist ribution.
Authorized share capital of the Company is 5 Billion ordinary shares of Rupees 10 each
totaling Rs.50 Billion.
To acquire or take over those propert ies, right s and liabilit ies of the Grid stat ions of the
Pakistan WAPDA and the t ransmission lines in relat ion.
To carry on all or any of the business of purchasing,import ing, t ransforming, convert ing,
dist ribut ing, supplying, export ing and dealing in elect ricity and all other forms of energy and
product s or services associated therewith and of promot ing the conversat ion and efficient ly
use of elect ricity and all other forms of energy.

11. WAPDA POWER HISTORY
At the t ime of independence, Pakistan inherited 60MW of power generat ion capability
for a populat ion of 31.5 million, yielding 4.5 unit s per capita consumpt ion. Twelve years later,
when WAPDA was created in 1959, the generat ion capacity had increased to 119 MW. By
that t ime count ry had entered the phase of development , which required a dependable
and sold infrast ructure, elect ricity being it s most significant part . The task of power
development was undertaken by WAPDA for execut ing a number of hydel and thermal
generat ion project s, a matching t ransmission network and a distribut ion system, which could
sustain the load of rapidly increasing demand of elect ricity.
The effect s of WAPDA's professional approach to find the solut ion to mult ifarious
problems did not take long to show. After first five years of it s operat ion by 1964-65, the
elect ricity generat ion capability rose to 636 MW from 119 in 1959, and power generat ion to
about 2,500 MKWH from 781 MKWH. Number of consumers in 1959 to 688 thousand in 1965.
As many as 609 villages had elect ricity supplied to them by 1959, increasing to 1882 in 1965.
The rapid progress witnessed a new life to the social, technical and economic st ructures of
the count ry, mechanized agriculture started, indust rializat ion picked up and general living
standards improved.
The task of accelerat ing the pace of power development picked up speed and by
1970, in another five years the generat ing capability rose from 636 MW to 1331 MW with
installat ion of a number of thermal and hydel power unit s. In the year 1980 the system
capacity touched 3000 MW which rapidly rose to over 7000 MW in 1990-91. Now the total
generat ion capacity from WAPDA's own hydel and thermal sources after complet ion of
Chashma Hydro Power Plant plus generat ion from independent power procedures stands at
15764 MW.