“A drug is a substance whether natural or synthetic having therapeutic properties and is used as medicine or ingredient of medicine.”

1. TERMINOLOGIES

2. DRUG:-
A drug is derived from DROUGE means Dry Herb.
“A drug is a substance whether natural or synthetic having therapeutic
properties and is used as medicine or ingredient of medicine.”
CRUDE DRUGS:-
“A crude drug is any naturally occurring, unrefined substance derived from
organic or inorganic sources such as plant, animal, bacteria, organs or
whole organisms intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or
prevention of disease in man or other animals.”
TYPES OF CRUDE DRUGS
1. ORGANIZED DRUGS
2. UNORGANIZED DRUGS
3. OFFICIAL DRUGS
4. UNOFFICIAL DRUGS
5. NONOFFICIAL DRUGS

3. 1. ORGANIZED DRUGS:-
These are the drugs obtained from direct parts of the plant and containing cellular
tissues are called as organized drugs. (flowers, leaves, rhizome, bark)

4. 2-UNORGANIZED DRUGS:-
The drugs which are prepared from plants by physical process such
as incision, drying or extraction with a solvent and not containing
any cellular plant tissues are called unorganized drugs.
For example;
Latex, Tragacanth,
Gum acacia.

5. 3- OFFICIAL DRUGS:-
These are listed and described in a book by the
government as a legal authority for standards.
Eg In USA, all the drugs are listed in USP are official
drugs.
In UK, all the drugs are listed in BP are official drugs.
4- UNOFFICIAL DRUGS:-
These are the drugs which have been recognized in a
USP but are not recently found in currently issues.
5- NON-OFFICIAL DRUGS:-
The drugs which had never appeared in either of the
official books.

6. 1-MONOGRAPH:-
The descriptive material related to any drug in the
pharmacopeia is known as Monograph.
It includes: English title, Dosage, Synonyms, Usage , Storage
, Precautions ,Identification Test, Test for Adulteration &
Method of testing.
2-BOTONICAL ORIGIN:-
It represents the scientific name of the plant yielding the
drug.
E.g. Digitalis ------------Digitalis purpurea
3- INDIGENOUS:-
The drugs which are found in their original home or native
countries are said to be indigenous.
E.g.; Digitalis--------------England

7. 4-NATURALIZED:-
The plant which grows in foreign land are said to be
naturalized
e.g. Belladonna is indigenous to Europe & is
naturalized in USA.
5-OFFICAL RUBRIC:-
It is the standard of strength , equality , quality ,purity ,
amount of active constituents and biological activity of
drug to which it must measure.
6-HABITAT:-
The original home of the plant yielding the drug.
7-ANALGESIC:-
It is also called (Anodynes)
These are the drugs or agents that relieve pain
e.g. Opium are usually called Painkiller.

8. 8-ANTIDOT:-
These are the drugs or agents which are used to
neutralized the action of a poison.
E.g. Atropa Belladona---------Atropine
9-ANTI-INFECTIVE:-
Drugs and agents used to conquer at the infective site
& reduce the infection
e.g. Aconite
10-INFECTION:-
The process of spreading of disease by a micro-
organisms in other chemicals
11-ANTI-INFLMMTORY DRUGS:-
They are used to conquer at inflammation.
e.g. Colchicine

9. 10-INLAMMATION:-
The normal reaction of a tissue of a body to any injury caused by
microorganisms or any other chemicals
11-Antipyretic(febrifuge):-
These are the agents/drugs which are used to relieve fever/pyrexia.
E.g. Cinchona
12-ANTHELMINTIC:-
A drug used to treat infections of animals with parasitic worms.
E.g. Chenopodium oil
13-Antispasmodic:-
Drugs or agents which are used to relax smooth muscle and relieve
abnormal pain.
E.g. Hyoscine(motion sickness)
14-ARTHRITIS:-
Inflammation /pain of joints without swelling.
E.g. Colchicine

10. 15-GOUT:-
Inflammation of the joints with swelling.
E.g. Colchicine
16-CARMINATIVE:-
These are the agents or drugs that help in digestion.
E.g. Cinnamon, Ginger, Fennel
17-FLAU:-
Drugs used to relieve gas in stomach.
E.g. Fennel
18-CONDIMENT:-
A spice or sauce
E.g. Cinnamon, Caraway
19-DEBILITY:-
It is a state of the weakness

11. 20-DERMITITIS:-
Inflammation of skin.
21- HYPNOTICS/NARCOTICS/SEDATIVES:-
Drugs which causes sleepness , calmness and seduction.
E.g. Opium
22- LUMBAGO:-
A painful condition in the muscles of lower back (lumber
region).
E.g. Capsicum
23- DIAPHORETICS:-
Drugs or agents that promotes precipitation(sweating).
E.g. Cinnamon, BlackPepper
24- ANTI-DIAPHORETICS:-
Drugs or agents that inhibits precipitation.
E.g. Belladonna

12. 25-DROPSY:-
The swelling of soft tissues due to the accumulation of excess water (odema)
26-ASTRINGENT:-
Drugs/agents which cause constriction of skin
E.g. Catechu, Jambolan
27-INDOLENT:-
A disease which causes little pain/no pain is called Indolent
E.g. Indolent ulcer
28-LAXATIVES:-
These are the drugs that causes the sooftness of the stool and used in
constipation
E.g. Senna
29-PURGATIVES:-
Drugs or agents that cause evacuation of bowel and these leaves used in
constipation
E.g. Senna
30-CATHARTIC:-
Complete evacuation of bowel
E.g. Jalap