6. Adverse effects of antiemetic agents
Metoclopramide: blockade of D2 receptors in basal
ganglia leads to drowsiness, restlessness, parkinsonism
like symptoms
Metaclopramide – gynaecomastia, galactorrhoea
Diarrhoea, abdominal cramps
Cisapride – ventricular arrhythmia
7. Antidiarrhoeals
What is diarrhea? Causes?
Infective and non-infective diarrheas
How diarrhea happens ? [↑ motility and ↑ secretion]
These drugs are useful to control non infective diarrheas.
10. Noninfective diarrhoea
Mild travellers diarrhoea
Idiopathic diarrhoea in AIDS
Ulcerative colitis (there is more GIT secretion)
After anal surgery to induce constipation for short period
Uses of antidiarrhoeals
11. Laxatives
What is constipation? Causes?
How does it occurs?
These drugs stimulate GIT and causes excess defecation
Purgative
13. Uses of laxatives
Functional constipation – less fiber food, less exercise,
tension behavior
Bedridden patients – old age, disability - to prevent and
treatment
To avoid straining at stools in hernia, eye surgery, piles, anal
surgery etc.
Preparation of bowel before surgery/delivery/abdominal
X ray/colonoscopy.
After anthelmintic therapy/ food poisoning – to flush out.
Editor's Notes
One banana, one tea/coffee/cigarette – act as laxative.