for optometry optional subject environmental science topic water quality standard for portable water impurities and their removal.
what is portable water?
Potable water, also called drinking or tap water, is used for sanitary purposes such as drinking , fountains, showers, toilets, hand-wash basins, cooking, etc. If the water supply to the facility is from a public system such as city water.
2: water impurities?
Physical contaminants primarily impact the physical appearance or other physical properties of water. Examples of physical contaminants are sediment or organic material suspended in the water of lakes, rivers and streams from soil erosion.
Chemical contaminants are elements or compounds. These contaminants may be naturally occurring or man-made. Examples of chemical contaminants include nitrogen, bleach, salts, pesticides, metals, toxins produced by bacteria, and human or animal drugs.
Biological contaminants are organisms in water. They are also referred to as microbes or microbiological contaminants. Examples of biological or microbial contaminants include bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasites.
Radiological contaminants are chemical elements with an unbalanced number of protons and neutrons resulting in unstable atoms that can emit ionizing radiation. Examples of radiological contaminants include cesium, plutonium and uranium.
3: how to remove water impurities?
In distillation, there is a change of state from liquid to gas and then again to liquid. Reverse osmosis can also be used as one way to remove the impurities but the most effective way is distillation. Some impurities are insoluble; they are removed by the process of filtration and sedimentation.
2. Contents
1. What is Portable water ?
2. Quality standards
3. Impurities
4. Removal of Impurities
3. Potable water, also called drinking or tap
water, is used for sanitary purposes such
as drinking , fountains, showers, toilets,
hand-wash basins, cooking, etc. If the
water supply to the facility is from a public
system such as city water.
Portable water
Mark Keyashian, in Fermentation and Biochemical Engineering Handbook (Third Edition), 2014
5. In water
• Physical contaminants primarily impact the physical
appearance or other physical properties of water. Examples of
physical contaminants are sediment or organic material
suspended in the water of lakes, rivers and streams from soil
erosion.
• Chemical contaminants are elements or compounds. These
contaminants may be naturally occurring or man-made.
Examples of chemical contaminants include nitrogen, bleach,
salts, pesticides, metals, toxins produced by bacteria, and
human or animal drugs.
• Biological contaminants are organisms in water. They are
also referred to as microbes or microbiological contaminants.
Examples of biological or microbial contaminants include
bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasites.
• Radiological contaminants are chemical elements with an
unbalanced number of protons and neutrons resulting in
unstable atoms that can emit ionizing radiation. Examples of
radiological contaminants include cesium, plutonium and
uranium.
Impurities
https://www.epa.gov/ccl/types-drinking-water-contaminants
6. Impurities Removal
In distillation, there is a change of state from liquid to gas and then again to
liquid. Reverse osmosis can also be used as one way to remove the
impurities but the most effective way is distillation. Some impurities are
insoluble; they are removed by the process of filtration and sedimentation.
http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c07/e2-14-03-05.pdf
