2. INTRODUCTION
C programming language was developed in 1972 by Dennis
Ritchie at bell laboratories of AT&T (American Telephone &
Telegraph), located in the U.S.A, is a general-purpose
computer programming language, and remains very widely
used and influential. By design, C's features cleanly reflect
the capabilities of the targeted CPUs.
3. WHY NAME 'C' WAS GIVEN TO THIS
LANGUAGE?
• Many of the ideas of C language were derived and taken
from 'B' language.
• BCPL and CPL are previous versions of 'B' language.
• As many features came from B it was named as 'C'.
4. ABOUT “C”
o C is a structured programming language.
o C supports functions that enables easy maintainability of
code, by breaking large file into smaller modules.
o Comments in C provides easy readability.
o C is a powerful language.
o C programs built from:
• Variable and type declarations
• Functions
• Statements
• Expressions
5. STRUCTURE OF “C” PROGRAMS
Before going and reading the structure of C programs we
need to have a basic knowledge of the following:
I. C's Character Set
II. C's Keywords
III. The General Structure of a 'C' Program
IV. How To EndAStatement
V. Free Format Language
VI. Header Files & Library Functions
6. C’S CHARACTER SET
C does not use every character set and key found on modern
computers . The only characters that C - Language uses
for its programs are as follows:
• A-Z all alphabets
• a-z all alphabets
• 0-9
• # % & ! _ {} [] () $$$$ &&&&
• space . , : ; ' $ "
• + - / * =
7. THE KEYWORDS
• "Keywords" are words that have special meaning to the
C compiler.
• Their meaning cannot be changed at any instance.
• Serve as basic building blocks for program
statements.
• All keywords are written in only lowercase.
8. KEYWORDS IN ANSI “C”
auto double register switch
break else return typedef
case enum short union
char etern signed unsigned
const float sizeof void
continue for static volatile
default goto struct while
do if int long
9. C C++
C was developed by scientist
Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at Bell
Laboratories.
C++ was developed by Bjarne
Stroustup in 1979.
C contains 32 keywords C++ contains 63 keywords.
C supports built-in data types. C++ support both built-in and user-
defined data types.
C does not have any security
features so it can be manipulated
by outsider
C++ is a secure language as it
offers security features such as
data hiding and encapsulation
C does not support reference
variable
C++ support reference variable
C doesn’t support inline function C++ support inline function
