1. This chapter presents the research method used, the description of respondent,
research instrument, and data gathering procedure.
Research Method Used
The descriptive research method is used to determine and analyze the problems
encountered by student teachers.
According to Manuel and Mendel (1998), it involves the description, recording,
analysis and interpretation of the present nature, composition of processes of
phenomena. The term descriptive research refers to the type of research question,
design, and data analysis that will be applied to a given topic. Descriptive statistics tell
what is, while inferential statistics try to determine cause and effect. The type of
question asked by the researcher will ultimately determine the type of approach
necessary to complete an accurate assessment of the topic at hand.
The main goal of this type of research is to describe the data and characteristics
about what is being studied. The idea behind this type of research is to study frequency,
averages, and other statistical calculations.
Sampling Scheme
Convenience sampling was used in this study; this type of sampling is used in
exploratory research where the researcher is interested in getting an inexpensive
approximation of the truth. As the name implies, the sample is selected because they
are convenient. This non probability method is often used during preliminary research
efforts to get a gross estimate of the results, without incurring the cost or time required
to select a random sample. In this study, the respondents are the student teachers who
are readily available to answer the survey questionnaire.
Research Instrument
The researcher – made instrument was utilized to determine the problems
encountered by the third year of RTU-CED. It contained two main two parts: Part I was
used to elicit the respondent’ profile such as name, sex, gender, and age and Part II
contains the five categories of problems namely: Lesson Planning, Instructional
Materials, art of Questioning, Cooperating Teacher, and Students.
Description of the Respondent
A total of ___ of student of CED in all majors were the respondent of the study.
They are described according to their demographic profile such as sex (male and
female), and major (Computer Education, Social Studies, Filipino, Math, English and
Physical Science).

2. Validation of Instrument
Consultation with the expert was sought. Their comments and suggestions
further helped the researcher in polishing the questionnaire. Before the distribution of
the instruments, the questionnaire was checked by experts for revision and
administering it to student of CED who were not part of the respondents.
Data Gathering Procedure
The first step used was to ask permission from the Dean to conduct the survey.
The questionnaire was distributed to the respondents after securing the permit. Copies
of the approved questionnaire were distributed in order to gather the relevant data. The
instruments were retrieved after they were finished answering.