english 5

1. Tense refers to time as in present, past, and future. Aspect
has to do with the form or structure of the action happening at
any time. The aspect of a verb is determined by whether the
action is on-going or completed.
The three aspects are:
1. SIMPLE ASPECT. The simple aspect is indefinite, not sure
if the action is on-going or completed. It may also indicate if
the action is habitual or repeated action.
2. PROGRESSIVE ASPECT. While in the progressive aspect,
the action is still taking place or on-going.
3. PERFECT ASPECT. In the perfect aspect, the task is
already completed

2. SIMPLE ASPECT
1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
The base form and the -s form of verbs are present tense
forms. The -s form of a verb is the present tense singular. The
base form is the present tense plural verb
Present tense (Singular)
-s Form
Present Tense (plural)
base form
leads
dances
works
lead
dance
work

3. B. SIMPLE PAST TENSE
The past tense of a verb is used for events that happened at a
specific time in the past.
Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs
Present Past Present Past
Dance,
dances
Danced Buy, buys Bought
Float, floats Floated Leave,
leaves
left
Work, works worked Fight, fights fought
The regular verbs use -d or-ed form to express past tense.
The irregular verbs change their spelling as they form the
past tense.

4. C. The future tense is used for events that have not yet
happened. It is formed this way: Will + base form of the verb
Shall + base form of the verb
Will may imply obligation or determined intent when it is used
with you, he, she, it or they.
Example: You will never leave the house without permission
Shall implies the future when it is used with I or we, or any
third person. It also implies obligation or determined intent
when it is used with you.
Example: I shall study tonight.

5. Directions: Give the simple present, past, and future of
the following verb.
Example:
1. eat
Simple Present: I eat fruits everyday.
Simple Past: I ate fruits four hours ago.
Simple Future: I will eat fruits again tonight.
2. walk
Simple Present: I ___ to the school.
Simple Past: I ___ to the school
Simple Future: I ____ to the school.

6. 3. ride
Simple Present: He _____ his motorcycle to work.
Simple Past: He _____ his motorcycle to work.
Simple future: He _____ his motorcycle to work.
4. play
Simple Present: They _____ basketball in They _____
basketball in the park.
Simple future: They _____ basketball in the park.

7. 5. watch
Simple Present: The security guard ________ the children
from a distance.
Simple Past: The security guard ________ the children
from a distance.
Simple Future: The security guard ________ the children
from a distance.

8. Directions: Underline the verb and encircle past, present, or
future for each sentence.
1) Maxie eats his vegetables every day. (Past Present Future)
2) The students listened to the lesson. (Past Present Future)
3) Dad will clean the kitchen tonight. (Past Present Future)
4) He climbed the stairs last night. (Past Present Future)
5) Most children like the new park. (Past Present Future)

9. PROGRESSIVE ASPECT - the action is still taking place or on-
going. The progressive aspect is made up of auxiliary verb “to be”
+ the present participle (-ing form) of the main verb.
A. Present Progressive Tense
The present progressive or present continuous form is used
when talking about an action or event that is happening now
or at the moment.

10. Tense Form Uses
Present be + ing form of
the verb
am swimming is
swimming are
swimming am
baking
is baking are
baking
1. An activity in progress
-The boys are swimming in the
pool now.
2. A temporary situation
-I am staying with my big sister.
3. An event planned and to
take place in the future
-We are swimming at the beach
tomorrow.

11. Tense Form Uses
Present be + ing form of
the verb
am swimming is
swimming are
swimming am
baking
is baking are
baking
4. Emotional comment on
present habit
-Francis is always attending the
afternoon mass.
5. Repeated action in a series
of similar ongoing actions.
-Jermel is dribbling the ball
around the court.

12. B. Past Progressive Tense
The past progressive aspect tells that something was going
on at a certain time in the past.
Tense Form Uses
Past was/were +ing
form of the verb
Examples: was
swimming
were swimming
was baking were
baking
1. An action in
progress at a specific
point of time in the past.
2. -The boys were
swimming at nine o’ clock
this morning.

13. Tense Form Uses
Past was/were +ing form of
the verb
Examples: was
swimming
were swimming was
baking were baking
3. Past action done at
the same time with some
other event.
4. -Angelie was
baking cookies when her
friend came.
5. Repetition of some
on going action
-Arvin was reading his
law book all night long.

14. C.Future Progressive Tense
The future progressive tense, also known as the future
continuous tense, is used to indicate a future event that will
be ongoing.
Tense Form Uses
Future will + be + -ing
form of the verb
Examples:
will be swimming
will be baking
1.Action that will be in progress
at a specific time in the future
-The boys will be swimming
tomorrow.
2. Duration of some specific
future action
-Justin will be travelling in Asia
for the next two years.

15. The Reproductive system is responsible for producing offspring
and transferring hereditary traits through internal fertilization.
This ensures that human beings continue to survive.
Reproduction is a biological process that ensures
The survival of living organisms.
Why do we need to reproduce?
• To ensure survival of the species
• To produce egg and sperm cells
• To transport and sustain these cells
• To transfer genes containing DNA from parents to offspring
• To nurture the developing offspring
• To produce hormones

16. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
The male reproductive system is composed of several
organs. It is responsible for producing sperm cells and
hormones. A sperm cell is important to fertilize an egg cell.
Hormones are responsible for the development of adult male
characteristics

18. PARTS FUNCTIONS
1. Penis Penis is the external male organ with a tip. It is
covered
with foreskin that may be removed through
circumcision.
2. Scrotum Scrotum is a pair of pouch like sacs that
contains the testes. It also controls the testes’
temperature because they must be slightly
cooler than the body to produce sperm cells.
3. Testes Testes (singular, testis) are the glands that
produce the sperm cells and the male sex cell
hormone called
testosterone.

19. 4. Epididymis The epididymis is a narrow, coiled tube that
stores sperm cells.
5. Urethra The urethra in males is the passageway of
both urine from
the urinary bladder and semen from the
glands.
6. Seminal
Vesicles
Seminal vesicles are saclike pouches attached
to the vas deferens. It contributes to the semen
production, a sugar- rich fluid which provides
energy for the sperm cells’ motility.

20. 7. Vas
Deferens
The vas deferens is a long, muscular tube
that serves as the passageway of the
sperm cells released from the testes. It
also connects the testes to the seminal
vesicle
and the urethra.
8. Cowper’s
Gland
Cowper’s gland, is called the bulbourethral
gland, is one of the two pea-sized organs
found beneath the prostate gland. It is
responsible for releasing fluid that flushes out
foreign matters and neutralizes the acidic
urine in the
urethra.

21. 9. Prostate
Gland
Prostate gland is a gland located between
the bladder and the penis. It produces fluid
that nourishes and protects the
sperm.

22. Directions: Read each item carefully. Then, identify the
parts of a male reproductive system being described.
Choose the correct answer in the parenthesis.
(Prostate gland, Testis) 1. Produces sperm cells and male
sex hormones called testosterone
(Scrotum, Epididymis) 2. Controls its temperature
because the testes must be a little cooler than the body to
produce sperm cells
(Urethra, Vas deferens) 3. Serves as passageway of the
sperm cells released from the testes
(Penis, Cowper’s gland) 4. Acts as an outlet for urine to
leave the body

24. (Cowper’s gland, Testis) 5. Responsible in releasing fluid
that removes foreign matter and neutralizes the acidic
urine in the urethra
(Seminal vesicle, Penis) 6. Produces a sugar-rich fluid
that provides energy tosperm cells’ motility
(Scrotum, Urethra) 7. The passageway of urine from the
urinary bladder and semen.
(Testis, Epididymis) 8. Stores immature sperm cells
(Scrotum, Prostate gland) 9. Secretes fluid that nourishes
and protects the sperm
(Testis, Glans) 10. The tip of a penis

25. The Female Reproductive System is made up of several
organs which include the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus,
cervix, and vagina. It is specifically responsible for
producing eggs and supporting a developing baby inside a
mother’s womb.
The egg cell is only one tenth of a millimeter, about the size
of the diameter of a hair strand and yet it is the biggest cell
in the human body. Unique characteristic of the female
reproductive system is its ability to give temporary and safe
place for the developing human being. The system
accommodates the entry of sperm cells and gives space for
the developing baby. It has important parts with specific
characteristics and functions.

26. The female reproductive system is made up of several parts.
The oviduct, also known as the fallopian tube lies close to
the ovary waiting for the egg to enter. It is a tube that leads
the egg from the ovary to the uterus. It is also a usual place
where the egg is fertilized by the sperm cell.
The uterus which is also called the womb is shaped like an
upside-down pear where the unborn baby is developed. It
has soft, smooth, inner lining called uterine lining or
endometrium.
The ovary produces egg cells and the sex hormones
estrogen and progesterone. Females have two ovaries
where matured egg cells are produced.

27. during ovulation.
The cervix is a narrow opening between the uterus and
vagina which enlarges to let the passage of a fetus
during birth.
The vagina which is also called the birth canal is a hollow,
muscular tube that leads to the opening called vulva. It
expands to let the baby pass through
during normal delivery.

28. Directions: Supply the missing letters to form a word that is
being described below.Write the correct word on your
paper.
1. v _ g _ _ _ - A soft-walled tube with mucous
membrane. It is about 7 centimeters long. It is also called
the birthcanal.
2. _ e _ _ _ x - A muscular ring that conducts the uterus
to the vagina.
3. f _ _ l _ _ _ _ _ t _ b _ - The passageway of the matured
egg cell from the ovary to the uterus. This is also where the
matured egg cell unites with the sperm cell.
4. _ t _ _ _ s- It is where the fetus stays for nine months
until birth.
5. o _ a _ _ - It is the main female reproductive organ

29. Direction: Identify the word being described in each
sentence.
______1. It is also called the bulbourethral gland, is one of
the two pea-sized organs found beneath the prostate gland.
______2. Saclike pouches attached to the vas deferens. It
contributes to the semen production.
______3. A pair of pouch like sacs that contains the testes.
______4. The glands that produce the sperm cells and male
sex hormone called testosterone.
______5. A passageway of both urine from the urinary
bladder and semen from the glands.

30. ______6. Produces egg cells as well as the female sex
hormones estrogen and progesterone.
______7. Also called the birth canal. It expands to let the
baby pass during normal delivery.
______8. This is the neck of the uterus.
______9. This is the usual site of fertilization of the egg
and sperm cell.
______10. Also called the womb, a hollow muscular organ
located at the lower abdomen.

31. Ang kolonyalismo ay ang direktang pananakop ng
makapangyarihang bansa sa mga mahihinang
bansa para mapagsamantalahan ang mga yaman
nito. Tinatawag na kolonyalismo ang pananakop ng
isang bansa sa iba pang bansa upang palawakin
ang teritoryo o nasyong sakop nito na kung saan
pinagsasamantalahan ng nanakop na bansa ang
mga yamang taglay ng nasakop na bansa.

32. Ang kolonyalismo ay isang pamamaraan ng
pagpapalawak ng lupaing sakop ng isang bansa. Ito ay
direktang gumagamit ng dahas o hindi kaya ay marahas
na mga pamamaraan upang matupad ang layunin ng
isang kolonisador nang mapalawak ang kanilang lupain.
Sa ilalim ng pamamahala ni Haring Charles V o Carlos V
(1500-1558) nagsimula ang pananakop ng Espanya sa
Pilipinas. Ang anak ni Haring Carlos na si Haring Philip II
(1527-1598) ang nagpatuloy at nagpadala ng mga
ekspedisyon sa bansa. Nagtagumpay ang ekspedisyon ni
Miguel Lopez de Legaspi noong 1565 at ganap na
nasakop ng Espanya ang Pilipinas.

33. Mga dahilan ng Espanya sa pagsakop sa Pilipinas
1. Kayamanan (Gold)
2. Kristiyanismo (God)
3. Karangalan (Glory)

34. KAYAMANAN O PANGKABUHAYAN NA LAYUNIN
Dahil sa mahahalagang produkto at mga pampalasa ng
pagkain sa Silangan, napaunlad at napalawak ng Spain
ang kabuhayan dulot ng masiglang kalakalan. Sa
pamamagitan ng patakarang merkantilismo ay
nagkaroon din ng kolonya ang Spain kung saan ang
lakas at kapangyarihan ng isang bansa ay nasusukat sa
dami ng nalikom na kayamanan sa anyo ng mamahaling
metal tulad ng ginto at pilak. Ang pinagkukunan ng mga
hilaw na sangkap at pamilihan ng mga produktong yari
na .

35. Ang merkantilismo ay sistemang pang-ekonomiya
na naghahangad ng pagkakaroon ng maraming
ginto at pilak bilang tanda ng kapangyarihan at
kayamanan. Ito ay lumaganap sa Europa na kung
saan noong panahong iyon, mas naging mahalaga
ang pera o salapi na bilang tanda ng
kapangyarihan kaysa sa pag- aari ng lupa.

36. Panuto: Kumpletuhin ang Graphic Organizer. Anu-ano ang
kayamanan o pangkabuhayan ang nais makuha ng mga
Espanyol sa Pilipinas?
A. mamahaling metal tulad ng
ginto at pilak
B. mga sangkap sa pagluluto
C. sangkap sa panggagamot
D. simbahan
E. sangkap sa pag-iimbak ng
pagkain
F. pampalasa ng pagkain o
spices

37. Ang ikalawang dahilan kung bakit sinakop ng mga Espanyol
ang Pilipinas ay upang ipalaganap ang Kristiyanismo.
Nagsimula ang pagpapalaganap ng Kristiyanismo sa
pagdating ng ekspedisyon na pinamunuan ni Ferdinand
Magellan noong 1521. Kasama niya si Padre Pedro
Valderama na nagsagawa ng unang misa sa Limasawa at
bininyagan niya ang mga katutubo. Ito ay nasundan nang
tumuloy sina Magellan sa Cebu. Pagkatapos ng misang
naganap, nagtayo ng krus si Magellan at sinundan ito ng
pagbibinyag sa mga katutubo na pinamunuan ni Raha
Humabon at ng kanyang asawa. Sila ay binigyan ng
pangalang Carlos at Juana. Isang imahen ng Sto. Nino ang

38. ibinigay kay Juana. Nang tumuloy sila sa Mactan ay
sinalubong sila ng mga kawal ni Lapu-lapu, ang pinuno ng
Mactan at naganap ang labanan na ikinasawi ni Magellan at
mga kawal nito. Ang ikalawang ekspedisyon ay pinamunuan ni
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi at kasama niya si Padre Andres
de Urdaneta. Nagtuloy sila sa Bohol at bininyagan ni Padre
Andres ang mga katutubo na pinamunuan nina Raja Sikatuna
at Raja Sigala. Tumuloy sina Legazpi sa Cebu at nang
masakop nila ito ay itinatag ang kauna-unahang panirahan ng
mga Espanyol sa Pilipinas. Sa bawat lupain na sinakop ng
mga Espanyol, nagtulungan ang mga pinuno ng pamahalaan
at mga prayle o pari. Pinalaganap ng mga prayle ang
Relihiyong Romano Katoliko sa pamamagitan ng kanilang

39. mabisang pananalita at makukulay na seremonya at ang mga
pinuno ay nagpairal ng mga batas sa pamahalaan na umayon
sa mga alituntunin ng relihiyon. Ipinakilala ng mga Espanyol
ang pananampalatayang Kristiyanismo na naniniwala sa
iisang Diyos na may likha ng tao at ng lahat ng bagay sa
mundo. Si Jesus ay ang Diyos Anak at tagapagligtas ng
sanlibutan. Ang pagkakaiba ng Kristiyanismo sa Paganismo
ay nasa paniniwala, aral, katawagan, at seremonya o ritwal.
Maraming sekta ang Relihiyong Kristiyano. Ang Romano
Katoliko ang dala ng mga Espanyol sa Pilipinas. Ang
pinakamataas na pinuno ng Katoliko ay nasa Roma at siya ay
tinatawag na Pope o Papa.

40. Tukuyin ang konseptong inilalarawan sa bawat bilang.
A. Ferdinand Magellan B. Cebu C. Lapu-Lapu
D. Limasawa E. Raja Humabon F. Sto. Niño
_____1. Isang pulo sa Pilipinas na pinaniniwalaang lugar kung
saan ginanap ang unang misa.
_____2.Siya ay isang katutubong pinuno sa Cebu na
tumanggap kay Magellan at nagpabinyag sa Kristiyanismo
noong 1521.
_____3. Isang tanyag na manlalayag na nakarating sa Pilipinas
noong 1521 na unang nagpatunay na bilog ang daigdig.

41. Tukuyin ang konseptong inilalarawan sa bawat bilang.
A. Ferdinand Magellan B. Cebu C. Lapu-Lapu
D. Limasawa E. Raja Humabon F. Sto. Niño
_____4. Isang Imahen ng batang Hesus na tanda ng pagiging
Kristiyano na inihandog ni Magellan kay Humabon.
_____5. Pinuno ng mga katutubo sa Mactan na nakipaglaban
at nagtagumpay laban sa mga Espanyol kung saan nasawi si
Magellan.

42. Panuto: Piliin ang salitang makakabuo ng talata.
Nagsimula ang pagtungo ng mga Espanyol sa Pilipinas nang
hindi sinasadyang makarating ang ekspedisyon ni
(Magellan/Legazpi) sa pulo ng Homonhon noong 1521.
Naipakilala ang Relihiyong (Islam/Kristiyanismo) sa mga
katutubo ng mga Espanyol. Hindi nagtagumpay sa pagsakop
si Magellan dahil sa pagkamatay nito sa (Limasawa/Mactan)
na nagdulot ng (pagkakaroon ng interes/kawalan ng interes)
ng Hari ng Espanya na sakupin ang Pilipinas. Noong 1564,
ipinadala ni Haring Felipe si (Legazpi/Villalobos) upang
tuluyang sakupin ang Pilipinas. (Nagtagumpay/Nabigo) ang

43. mga Espanyol na masakop ang Pilipinas. Nagtatag si
Legazpi ng unang pamayanang Espanyol sa (Bohol/Cebu) at
naging pangunahing lungsod ang (Maynila/Cavite) noon
1571.

44. Ang ikatlong dahilan kung bakit sinakop ng mga Espanyol ang
Pilipinas ay ang impluwensiya ng Kapangyarihan o
Politika. Bilang nangungunang bansa sa paggalugad ng mga
bagong lupain,ninais ng mga Espanyol na makamit ang
karangalan at kapangyarihan nito para simulan ang
pagpapalawak ng kanilang teritoryo. Ang lahat ng mga bansa
o lupaing nasakop nila ay tuwirang kinontrol, pinamahalaan, at
nilinang. Ang pamamahalang ito ay tinatawag na bilang
kauna-unahang pamayanan Espanyol sa Pilipinas at
pinangalanan niya itong La Villa del Santisimo Nombre de
Jesus. Ang Kalye Colon sa Cebu ay itinuring

45. bilang pinakamatandang kalye sa Pilipinas. Noong 1569 ay
nagtayo ng mga pamayanan si Legazpi sa Panay at sinundan
ito sa pagtatag ng pamayanan sa Masbate, Ticao, Burias,
Mindoro, Mamburao, at Albay. Nakapagtatag din ng pamayanan
ang mga Espanyol noong Hunyo 24, 1571 na kinilala ang
Maynila bilang isang bagong Lungsod ng Espanya. Dito
nagsimulang matupad ang hangaring pampolitika ng bansang
Espanya. Itinatag ang Pamahalaang Espanyol sa bansa na kung
saan ang mga Pilipino ay napasailalim nito. Isa sa nakikitang
dahilan kung bakit madaling nasakop ng mga Espanyol ang
halos buong bansa ay dahil sa kawalan ng pagkakaisa ng mga

46. Pilipino noon. Ngunit may mga lugar sa Pilipinas tulad ng
ilang lugar sa Mindanao ang hindi napasailalim sa
pamamahala ng mga Espanyol bagkus nagpatuloy ang
kanilang sistema ng pamahalaan na tinatawag na Sultanato.

47. Panuto: Suriin ang bawat pangungusap at isulat kung ito ay
pampolitikang hangarin, pagpapalaganap ng Kristiyanismo at
pangkabuhayang layunin.
1. Ang paghahangad ng Espanya na maging tanyag at
makapangyarihan sa buong mundo.
2. Ang hangaring ipalaganap ang Kristiyanismo sa Pilipinas
3. Ang paglilikom ng kayamanan ng mga Espanyol.
4. Ang pakikipagkasudo ng Espanyol sa Simbahang Katoliko
na ipalaganap, panatilihin at ipagtanggol ang relihiyong
Romano Katoliko sa lahat ng kolonya ng Espanya. _
5. Ang pagpalaganap ng patakarang kapitalismo sa anyong
merkantilismo sa pagpapaunlad ng kabuhayan