ppt

1. B.J.P.S Samiti’s
M.V.HERWADKAR ENGLISH MEDIUM
HIGH SCHOOL
STD 7 .SOCIALAND RELIGIOUS REFORM
MOVEMENTS
VARADA PHADKE

2. 19th Century - Period of Indian Renaissance
Indians always had a scientific outlook & were
rational
Indians were exposed to Western civilization
Rationalism simulated the Indians to question
superstitions, some traditions, & self interest
Western thoughts reignited the ideas of
democracy, freedom, equality & nationalism
2

3. Prominent Social Reformers
 Brahmo Samaj
 Raja Ram Mohan Roy has been called “The Father of Indian Renaissance”
 Well versed in Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian, English, French, Greek, Larin
 Studies principles of various religions: Hinduism, Islam, Sufi, Christanity, &
Buddhism
 Questioned practice of idol-worship
 Argued that modern science & English were essential for Indians revival
 Supported prohibition of Sati Act by Lord William Bentinck
 Started Bengali newspaper “Samvada Kaumudi”
 Efficient soldier & administrator
 Brahmo Samaj was in the forefront of social & religious reformation
 Opposed idol worship, performing yagas & rituals & opposed priestly class
3

5. Prominent Social Reformers
 Arya Samaj
 Established by Dayanand Saraswati
 Travelled through out the country giving lectures & emphasized that Vedas
were the source of truth & knowledge
 Condemned idol worship & caste system
 Promoted caste based on ability & not by birth
 Encouraged widow marriages & use of swadeshi goods
 Wrote a book called “Satyartha Prakasha”
 Purification of Ritual was the main activity of Arya Samaj
 Principles of Swarajya & Swadharma inspired people to take part in
freedom movement
 Proclaimed “India Should be for Indians”
5

6. DAYANANDA SARASWATI

7. Prominent Social Reformers
 Prarthana Samaj
 Established by Atmaram Panduranga in Mumbai
 Motto was service to mankind is service to God
 Gave priority to education by establishing Deccan Education Society
 Encouraged widow marriage, female literacy, intercaste marriage, eating
together by people of all castes, & opposed child marriage
 Condemned purdah system
 Maintained that all religions lead to truth & need respect
 M.G. Ranade popularized Prarthana Samaj
 Reforms in political & economic fields was impossible without reform of
society
 Propagated Hindu-Muslim unity
 Started High school for educating girls
7

8. ATMARAM PANDURANGA

9. Prominent Social Reformers
 Sathyashodak Samaj
 Established by Jyotiba Phule
 Emphasized freedom as basic necessity of every individual
 Urged for prohibition of liquor
 Opposed gender inequality, denial of human rights, exploitation of people
& practice of untouchability
 Condemned slavery forced on Shudras, dalits, -fought for equality
 Phule wrote book “Gulamagiri”
 His wife Saitribhail Phule worked hard for women’s education
 Shahu Maharaj openend many branches of the Samaj
 Began struggles on behalf of farmers
 Dr. B. R. Ambedkar was influenced by Phule’s principles
9

10. MAHATMA JOYTIBA PHULE

11. Prominent Social Reformers
 Aligarh Movement
 Established by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
 Aimed at promoting harmony of Eastern & Western ideas through
transformation of Muslims in their social, political, educational, religious
& philosophical beliefs
 Started the Anglo-Oriental College which was renamed as “Aligarh Muslim
University”
 Aim was to provide religious education along with western education –
modern society
 Stayed outside congress & prmoted Muslim unity
 Supported female literacy, condemned polygamy & encouraged widow
marriage
11

12. SIR SYED AHMED KHAN

13. Prominent Social Reformers
 Ramakrishna Mission
 Ramakrishna Paramahamsa – a priest promoted Indian Culture
 Considered all religions to be equal
 Spiritual realization was more important than any religion or God
 Believed in idol-worship
 Swami Vivekananda was his favorite disciple
 Ramakrishna Ashram has many branches all over the world
 Swami a revolutionary monk showed Indians the importance of loving life
 Stressed the significance of individual, his presence & ability
 Maintained that apart from prayer & practice of yoga, social service was
also necessary for attaining Moksha
 Mission is still continuing to nurture culture through education & self
service
 Emphasized that nation & religion are two faces of a coin
 Showed the world the greatness of India, its culture, religion & people 13

14. RAMAKRISHAN PARAMAHAMSA AND SWAMI VIVEKANANDA

15. Prominent Social Reformers
 Theosophical Society (Brahma Vidya Samaj)
 Established by Madam Blavatsky & Colonel H. S. Olcott
 Founded on the principles of Universal Brotherhood
 Anne Besant-Irish lady promoted the Theosophical society
 Contributed immensely to Indian philosophy and the independence
struggle
 Aroused pride in Indian culture through lectures
 Gave her full support to Indian freedom struggle
 Started a newspaper called “New India”
 Started Home Rule Movement in 1916
15

16. ANNIE BEASANT