Indian position

1. B.J.P.S Samiti’s
M.V.HERWADKAR ENGLISH MEDIUM HIGH SCHOOL
INDIA - GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION
AND PHYSICAL FEATURES
VANITA MODAGI
Program:
Semester:
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2. Heritage of our country
• exhibits unity in diversity, from ancient times.
• we observe a diverse of physical features,
climatic conditions, natural vegetation
and people, we feel this country can be
called a subcontinent.

3. India’s position in the world:
• India – a peninsula located in South-East Asia.
• also called ‘India’ and ‘Hindustan’.
• ‘India’ has been derived from river Indus.
• ‘Bharat’ after the ancient Indian king Bharata.
• lies in the northern hemisphere.
• wide in the north, tapering to form a triangle in
the south, ending in the Indian Ocean.

6. Size:
• 32,87,263 sq. kms. Area
• Seventh largest country in the world.
• 2.4% of the world’s total area.
• 17.5% of the world’s population.

8. Latitudinal position:
• 8°4’ to 37°6’ in the North Latitude.
• total length 3,214 kms from Kanyakumari
in the South to Kashmir in the North
• Southernmost point ‘Indira Point’
located at 6°45’ (Great Nicobar Island)
• The Tropic of Cancer or
23° North Latitude passes
through Central part of India.

10. Longitudinal Position:
• extends from 68°7’ east to 97°25’ East longitude.
• 2933 kms. from East to West
• Indian Standard Time is based on
82° East longitude passing through Allahabad.
• Indian time is ahead of
Greenwich Meantime (0° latitude)
by about 5 hours and 30 minutes.

12. Frontiers and Neighbouring Countries:
• being a peninsula, has land and water frontriers
• 15,200 kms of land frontiers and 6,100 kms of
coastline
• India shares land frontier with seven nations.
north-west Afghanistan and Pakistan
north China, Nepal and Bhutan
east Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh
south Sri Lanka and south-west Maldives

14. PHYSICAL FEATURES OF INDIA
• The Northern Mountains: young fold
mountains, highest range in the world; cover
about 5 lakh sq. km.
Three ranges
a) Siwalik Range : called ‘the Foothills’
lesser height, narrow strips of plains
or valleys called “Dunes”.
height 600-1500 meters
above the sea level.

20. b) The Himachal (Middle Himalaya)
(central) :
• height 3600 meters to 4,500 meters
• width 60-80 kms
• hill stations likeShimla, Mussorie, Nainital,
Ranikhet, Chakrata and Darjeeling etc.

23. c) Greater Himalayas (Himadri) :
• Height 6000 meters to 8000 meters above sea level
• ‘Mount Everest’ is the highest peak
• Mt.Godwin Austin or K2 is the highest peak in
India

25. Importance of the Himalayas:
• influenced the life of Indians
• provide protection to India
• birth-place of many rivers
• home to many types of plants and
animals
• treasure-house of minerals

29. 2. Northern great plain :
• also called ‘Sutlej-Ganga plains’
• these plains stretch from the river Indus
in the west to the Brahmaputra valley in the east
• breadth is around 2,400 kms
• width is 70 km to 500 kms
• largest alluvial tract
• suitable for agriculture and irrigitation

32. 3. Peninsular Plateau:
• Largest physical division
• Oldest landmass, part of Gondwanaland
• Total area 16 lakh sq.km.; triangle in shape
• The Aravalli range- oldest fold mountains,
Vindhya Mountains, Satpura hills
• Malwa Plateau, Chotanagapur plateau
• Rivers like Narmada, Tapti and Damodar
• Western Ghats to the west of Deccan Plateau

38. 4. Coastal Plains :
• From Rann Kutch in the west to the delta of the
Ganga in the east
• Two parts – The Western Coastal Plains and the
Eastern Coastal Plains
Islands:
• totally 247 islands
• 204 in Andaman and Nicobar islands in the Bay of
Bengal - hard volcanic rocks
• 43 Lakshadweep islands coral islands