It's very good ,great and very helpful.

2. Presentation of
Group N0
08
Maida Zafar 21011556-086
Muqadas Arif 21011556-098
Sawaira Akhtar 21011556-103
Hina Muzaffar 21011556-127
Affaf Shahid 21011556-128

3. Rules of
Précis writing

4. Sawaira Akhtar
21011556-103

5. Rules of Précis writing
• What is précis?
The art of summarizing the paragraph is known as précis writing.
• Rules of précis writing:
While writing a précis, the writer should follow below given rules to make a good précis.
By using these rules you can make a good précis .

6. • Rule no 01
Read carefully
First read the paragraph twice or thrice carefully to
summarize it .
This will enable you to understand the main theme of the paragraph.
Try to understand the subject of the paragraph .
By reading the passage you can understand what the writer is trying to convey
and then you make a clear précis. And the clarity is the basic and essential need
of the précis. So firstly, understand the paragraph’s main theme and then make
the précis.

7. Rule no 02
Underline
Underline and mark the important ideas and essential
points from the original text.
By underlining the important words or sentences you can make the précis according
to these ideas. By applying this method the writer should include all the important
facts in précis.
For example:
Allama Iqbal was our great national hero. He is the poet of East. He was born in
Sialkot on November 9, 1877. he received his early education in Sialkot. He passed
his intermediate examination from Murray collage Sialkot.
He wrote many poems in praise of the Muslim culture.

8. Rule no 03
Outline
with the help of underlined ideas, draw the outline of your précis.
Outlining will help construct and organize ideas in a sequential manner and
the thoughtful flow. Outline is a part of the précis planning process.
Précis outline should only focus on main ideas, arguments, facts, and
details.
Précis outline should be concise.

9. For example:
Allama Iqbal was undoubtedly a national hero born in Sialkot in 1877. He was an
outstanding poet-philosopher and political leader. After completing his primary
education in Sialkot, he moved to Lahore for further studies. he wrote poetry both in
Urdu and Persian.
It gives a sense of spiritualty and molarity. Allama Iqbal died on 21st April 1938 due
to severe throat infection.
Outline:
Introduction
Birthday
Education
Qualification
Death

10. Affaf Shahid
21011556-128

11. Rule no 04
Omission
Omit all the unnecessary information on the long phrases which could be
replaced by one word. All the objectives and the adverbs can also be omitted
in order to make a good précis.
To make the précis short we should must omit the unnecessary ideas.
It is important step because a précis should be purely a summary of the
original text without any personal opinion and ideas.

12. Rule no 05
Don’t omit
While making a précis, the writer should never omit the important points and
ideas which are essential to be described.
A précis should be complete in all respects. Completeness means that the
writer should include all the important facts in a précis.
One point must be kept in mind that the writer should not omit some basic
and essential facts to achieve conciseness.

13. Rule no 06
size
Keep the fact in your mind that the length of the précis should be the one
third of the original passage.
For example:
If your passage consist of 200 words the your précis must be contain 66
words.
It should be shorter than the original passage because the main purpose of
précis writing the summarizing the original passage.

14. Muqadus Arif
21011556-098

15. Rule no 07
Indirect speech
A précis should be written in indirect speech.
If there is direct speech in the passage, it should be changed into indirect
speech.
In the case of universal truth the present tense should be used.
For example:
He said, “I will wash my teeth “
You must write it in indirect speech such as:
He said that he would wash his teeth.

16. Rule no 08
Tense and person
It should be written in third person and past tense.
You should try to arrange the points in the most logical order, and ensure the
order of thought is the same as the original .
The three grammatical rules you need to follow while writing a précis
are:
Write in third person
Indirect form
Appropriate past tense

17. Rule no 09
Own words
A précis should be written in your own words and the writer should abstain
from borrowing words from the or the original passage.
A précis should mention all important details of original paragraph so that
anyone who is reading it is able to understand the idea of the original
passage.
For example:
You can replace a word with the synonym of words.
Don’t write the same lines that are written in passage.

18. Hina Muzaffar
21011556-127

19. Rule no 10
Précis of a dialogue
The précis of a dialogue or conversation should express in the form of
narrative.
A well written précis communicate clearly the essence
Of the content and tone of original work in fewer words, and does not
include your opinions about the speech.

20. Rule no 11
Objective approach
A précis writer should adopt an objective approach. He should not add his
personal ideas to a précis. Put
all the important points and ideas in a logical order.
Objectivity means the ability to present or view facts incolored
By feelings, opinions.
While making a précis the writer should adopt an objective approach.
The writer should not give and add his personal opinion and ideas in précis.

21. Rule no 12
One paragraph
There could be two or more paragraphs in the original text. While making
the précis, try to write all the ideas in one paragraph.
While making the précis, write all the ideas in one paragraph.
Précis should be consist of only one paragraph.
Don’t make more than one paragraph.

22. Maida Zaffar
21011556-086

23. Rule no 13
Rough Draft
After omitting all the unnecessary ideas, the writer should prepare a rough
draft to finalize it. Note down the important points
Make a rough draft of the précis.

24. Final Draft
Having read the rough draft and pointed out some mistakes which may be found in
the rough draft, the
writer can prepare the final draft. Draft the final précis once all the points have
been included.

25. After making the précis by using these rules. Our précis must have the following
qualities.
Clarity, Correctness, Objectivity, Coherence, Completeness, Conciseness
A good précis is the crisp formation of the passage and it should be as crisp and
clear as possible.

26. FEATURES:
Discussed below are a few of the features which shall help you write a good précis:
Length of the Precis: Do not write a lengthy précis. In most cases, the number of words must be
almost one-third of the word count of the passage or comprehension.
It should be convenient to read: Make sure that the précis you write does not have too complex a
vocabulary or is too complicated to understand.
Cover all the essential points: While reading the passage, make a note of the important points and
ensure that no point is skipped.
Must be coherent: The important terms with respect to the passage must be included in the précis as
well.
Use an appropriate Title: The précis needs to have a title. So, the candidates must ensure that the title
is in sync with the comprehension.
Details in précis must match the details in the passage: No other information apart from the one given
in the passage must be included in the précis and all the important information mentioned in the
passage must certainly be included

27. DOS AND DON'T FOR PRECIS WRITING:
Dos for Precis Writing:
1- Begin with the basic idea of the passage to make the précis convenient to read.
2- Give a clear idea pertaining to what the reader is about to read.
3- While reading the passage, make a note of all the important points and include them in the précis.
4- Follow the main idea of the passage with the facts/points of improvement/ methods,, etc. as
mentioned in the comprehension.
5- Include all the important keywords and terms which are used in the passage.
6- Keep a track of the tenses you use. Data related to historical events of the past must be described in
the past tense only.
7- There must be a relation between the data you are writing in the précis. It should have some common
links.

28. Don’ts for Precis Writing :
1- The length of the précis must be shorter than the length of the passage.
2- Do not overcomplicate the précis and use easy vocabulary.
3- Do not make assumptions or add information in the précis as per your own imagination.
4- Do not give your own opinion or criticism over the comprehension.
5- Avoid using abbreviations.
6- Do not enter statements in the question format in the précis.
7- Don’t focus on any one point for very long. Keep the information as precise as possible.

29. Thank you
so much