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DavidMcCandless
Knowledge
IsBeautiful
sampler
hello
Welcometothissamplerofmylatest
infographicbook.
Iloveideas,truth&beauty. Iloveto
understandtheworld.Sobothtomesarefullto
thebrimwithdata-visualizations&information
designsdrivenbymyownquestionsand
ignorance.Theyfree-rangeacrossscience,
nature,thought,food,pop-anythingstrange
andinteresting.
Iwasouttosatemythirstforknowledgewiththis
book.Ihopeyoufindsomeofthesegraphics
richandcomplexenoughtosateyours.
DavidMcCandless
Sep2016
PROCESS
VISUALISATION DESIGN MAPPINGART
TYPE
data data
structured
information
linked
knowledge
inter-connected
information knowledge
METAPHOR atoms molecules DNA chromosomes cells organisms
PROCESS mine
gather
measure
examine
recognise
classify
filter
interpret
arrange
connect
sequence
condense
integrate
extrapolate
generate
evaluate
understand
explain
75%10% 1% 10–20%
source: ‘Executing the Will of the Voters’, Alarcón & Mitchell (2010)source: NASA, Google Maps
source: UK Office of National Statistics, 2011–12. Warning: small sample sizesources: The Lancet, Sheridan et al (2013), Yang et al (2007)
source: private study by Caddington School of 232 children, 5-8 years old
source: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Data (2010)
sources: World Health Organisation, Institute of Food Research, Campbell et al (2012)
Birth-defect chances
Risky business
Child Killers
Main causes of death
Child Murderers
Who does it?
Times Tables Times
Error rate
DeathRowsTotal cost of death penalty for California 1978–2010Big Country
PasstheSaltSalt
Sodium
Cost per
executionExecutions
bodyneeds gramsperday
grams
1teaspoon worldwideaverageintake
Disease
Suicide
Homicide
Accidents
Parent/step-parent
Unknown
Stranger
Friend/other
relative
Processed foodUnprocessed food Tap water Added at the table
$1,020m
Incarceration costs
$1,940m
Death-penalty trials
$925m
State appeals
$156mFederal appeals
Antarctica theMoon
World Health Organisation
intake target for 2025
Most governments’
current daily guideline
Avg bag
of crisps
2
0.8
5
2
6
2.4
10
4
13 $310m
82
12 1
3
1
60%10%
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
9
11
10
12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1110 12
15
23
260
Simple
Firstcousins
Distantblood
relatives
Motherover34
Unrelated
Fatherover50
Fatherover40
PARENTS RISK ODDS
1 IN XX
CUMULATIVERISK
Olderfirstcousins
(he51,she38)
16
19
27
412.4%
382.8%
362.6%
3.7%
5.3%
6.1%
11.4% 9
data:bit.ly/KIB_Simple1
Over 1–10,000
million times
bigger than a
normal black hole.
Even bigger – a
mere 10–40,000
million times bigger
than your average
black hole.
Microscopic star
residing at the
centre of a black
hole.
A gravitational
vacuum star –
a theoretical
alternative to
black holes.
Ultra-dense object
formed when a
massive star
gravitationally
collapses on itself.
I can’t explain
this one. It’s far too
complicated for
this little box.
Young star
inside a gas-
dust envelope.
Complex quantum
effects turn light
into iron inside this
object, creating
a metal star.
Small, ultra-dense
star with gigantic
magnetic field
spinning 100’s of
times per second.
A massive stellar
explosion that
has not destroyed
its parent sun.
Highly magnetic
neutron star
emitting pulsed
beams of light like
a lighthouse.
Small, compact
star made of
theoretical
particles.
Giant star with a
second object, a
neutron star, at its
core.
Massive, very
bright old stars
shedding massive
layers of their
mass.
Brightness
appears to flicker
& fluctuate as
seen from Earth.
Type of flickering
star with very
unpredictable &
dramatic increases
in brightness.
Unknown object
emitting large,
irregular bursts of
gamma radiation
& X-rays.
Stars unusually
high in metals
such as mercury &
manganese.
Bright & on its way
to becoming a
supergiant. Rich in
metals & often
with planets.
Very rare stellar
entity, with almost
no hydrogen, the
most common
element.
Large hydrogen-
fusing star a few
hundred times the
radius of the Sun.
Theoretical object
that may have
existed in the early
universe before
normal stars formed.
An alternative
& more stable
object than a
traditional
black hole.
Very compact
quasar shooting
two massive jets
of energy from
its poles.
A very small
quasar only a few
times bigger than
the Sun.
Very energetic
& active nucleus
of a galaxy – the
brightest objects
in the universe.
Slightly mysterious
stars that don’t
follow the usual
curve of star
evolution.
Somewhere in
between giants &
supergiants, very
bright but not
overly massive.
Two stars, a white
dwarf & a very
close ‘donor’ star
that feeds the
host dwarf star.
Rapidly spinning
collapsed core of
a massive star,
dense & made
mostly of neutrons.
Black-hole
replacement
made from vacuum
or maybe dark
energy.
Massive neutron
star so dense that
the neutrons break
down into ‘strange
matter’.
Biggest & brightest
of stars. Massive,
hot & destined to
explode into
supernovae.
Group of a few
thousand stars
of the same age,
formed from the
same cloud.
Spherical group
of stars orbiting
in the outer halo
of a galaxy.
Common version,
featuring a central
bar-shaped
structure made
of stars.
Stars in the
hydrogen-burning
main phase of their
life. Often called
dwarves.
When a white
dwarf sufficiently
cools & no longer
emits heat or light.
A star in
mid-explosion,
forming a
bubble-like
shockwave.
A small dwarf star
sucking material
from a giant star,
causing flares &
belches.
Massively
high-energy stellar
explosion. May
create deadly
gamma-ray bursts.
Exploding star,
often briefly
outshining the
brightness of a
entire galaxy.
Explosion caused
by the collossal
merging of two
stars.
Old, thin galaxies
with both a bulge
& a disk, but only
very vague spiral
arms.
Oval masses of
old stars without
discs & with
little new star
formation.
Unimaginably huge
collections
of thousands of
galaxies bound
together.
Short-lived but
incredibly bright
& massive stars,
shedding huge
amounts of mass.
A proto-star about
100 million years
into its growth,
before it becomes
a full star.
Dense dark cloud
of cosmic dust &
gas-like cocoons
where stars can
be born.
Large interstellar
cloud & often
stellar nurseries
where stars are
birthed.
Very large &
unstable star
prone to dramatic
energetic outbursts.
Billions of stars
collected in a flat,
rotating disc with
a distinctive central
‘bulge’.
A glowing shell
of electrified gas
expanding from
a dying star.
A contraction in
a molecular cloud
that precedes the
birth of a star.
A glowing shell of
electrified gas
generated as a
star runs out of
nuclear fuel.
Very massive
unknown type
of star at the
end of its life.
Lacks the bulk to
trigger reactions
necessary to shine.
Often a companion
to a larger star.
A star in an early
stage of evolution.
The burnt-out
remains of a star
once it’s used up
all its hydrogen.
Gravastar
Supermassive
Black Hole
Ultramassive
Black Hole
Planck Star
Stellar
Black Hole
Electroweak star
Herbig
Ae/Be Star
Iron Star
Magnetar Supernova
Imposter
Thorne–Żytkow
Object
Preon Star
Pulsar
Wolf–Rayet
Star
Pulsating /
Variable Star
Flare Star
Soft Gamma
Repeater
Peculiar Star
Sub Giant
Extreme
Helium Star
Giant Dark Star
(Newtonian)
Dark Star
(Dark Matter)
Blazar
Micro Quasar
Quasar
Blue StragglerBright Giants Cataclysmic
Variable Star
Quark Star
Neutron Star
Dark
Energy Star
Supergiant
Open Star
Cluster
Globular
Cluster
Barred
Spiral Galaxy
Main
Sequence Star
Black Dwarf
Supernova
Remnant
Dwarf Nova
HypernovaSupernova
Luminous
Red/Blue Nova
Lenticular
Galaxy
Elliptical
Galaxy
Galactic
Cluster
Hyper Giant
T. Tauri Bok Globule
Molecular Cloud
or H2 Region
Luminous
Blue Variable
Spiral Galaxy
Planetary
Nebula
ProtostarProtoplanetary
Nebula
Compact Star
Brown DwarfYoung
Stellar Object
White
Dwarf
‘Exotic’Star
Explodingobject(nova)
BlackHole-typeobject
CloudGalaxyobject
Star
THEORETICALCOMMON RARE
SMALL
MASSIVE
TheStellarNursery
sources:NASA,Space.com,Wikipedia
data:bit.ly/KIB_Stellar
BestinShow
The ultimate data-dog
Bulldog
SaintBernard
GreatDane
Mastiff
Bullmastiff
Bloodhound
IrishWolfhound
Pekingese
AfghanHound
KerryBlue Terrier
Greyhound
Dandie Dinmont Terrier
ClumberSpaniel
Scottish
Terrier
Pembroke
WelshCorgi
Dalmatian
Belgian
Tervuren
EnglishToy
Spaniel
DobermanPinscher
BostonTerrier
Flat-Coated
Retriever
Briard
Pug
Chesapeake
BayRetriever
Golden
Retriever
Samoyed
BrusselsGriffon
Tibetan Spaniel
Pointer
German
Shorthaired
Pointer
Poodle
Dachshund
MiniatureSchnauzer
Siberian
Husky
Shetland
Sheepdog
Affenpinscher
Lhasa
Apso
Australian
CattleDog
EnglishCocker
Spaniel
WelshSpringer
Spaniel
Border Terrier
BorderCollie
CairnTerrier
Brittany
Papillon
Cocker
Spaniel
BedlingtonTerrier
Australian
Terrier
Chihuahua
Whippet
WestHighland
WhiteTerrier
English
Springer
Spaniel
Bichon Frise
IrishSetter
Yorkshire
Terrier
LabradorRetriever
Australian
Shepherd
Maltese
Pomeranian
Shih
Tzu
Pharaoh Hound
Beagle
EnglishSetter
GordonSetter
TibetanTerrier
Norfolk Terrier
CavalierKing
Charles Spaniel
Basset Hound
Basenji
ItalianGreyhound
Staffordshire
Bull Terrier
Bouvierdes
Flandres
GiantSchnauzer
GermanShepherd
Newfoundland
Akita
FrenchBulldog
ChowChow
Alaskan
Malamute
Boxer
Bernese
MountainDog
Bull Terrier
Borzoi
OldEnglish
Sheepdog
Rhodesian
Ridgeback
Rottweiler
Saluki
Inexplicablyoverrated
Rightlyignored
publicpopularity
Overlookedtreasures
Hotdog!
longevity grooming appetite datascoreailments costsintelligence
OUR DATA SCORE
Sporting WorkingNon-sporting Terrier ToyHerding Houndsmall medium largedumb clever
SIZEINTELLIGENCE
our data score
sources:AmericanKennelClub,Cassidy(2007),CanineInheritedDisordersDatabase,‘TheIntelligenceofDogs’,StanleyCoren
data:bit.ly/KIB_BestDogs
tongue on
roof of mouth
no ‘no thoughts’
the goal of meditation is
not to empty the mind, but
to observe the present
moment non-judgementally.
chill man
meditating is acknowledging
and observing whatever
happens – pleasant or
unpleasant – in a relaxed way.
open
this gives insight into how
the mind really works,
reducing attachment,
letting us relax more deeply…
microscope
…transforming the mind
and using it as a device
to explore itself and the
nature of reality.
TheGist
breathe naturally
through the nose
straight
spine
SIT
relaxed but erect comfortable
eyes closed / 10% open
imagine a string lightly
pulling up your head
tuck chin
chest up and out
shoulders relaxed,
dropped and back
GoodPosture
belly out,
pelvis forward
mentally alert,
still
knees lower
than hips
hands resting
on knees
AlsoGood
CommonHindrances
restless flightiness of
mind, creating excitement
or anxiety
drifting
random mental phenomena
like radio interference
stray thoughts
over-focussing or trying to
control restricts & tightens
the mind
trying too hardsinking
fading of concentration,
dullness, sleepiness
laziness
putting meditation
off until later
QualitiesofMindDevelopedinelementalEasternterms
agile
light,quick-witted
tranquil
calm,still
clear
sharp,perceptive
pliant
receptive,flexible
open
spacious,empty
steady
concentrated,centred
warm
tolerant,positive
confident
self-assured,proficient
upright
straightforward,direct
malleable
strong,workable
space air fire water earth
Meditation
sources:BuddhisteLibrary,‘Meditation’(WindHorse,1999)
BODY BREATH MINDMANTRAHEART
objectof
concentration
15
30
45
60
1
2
--- ---
---
------
------ ------ ---
---
zen
Countingyourbreaths(1forinhalation,
2forexhalation)upto10.Ifyourmind
wanders,gentlygobackto1.
Justsitlikethis.
Zen Buddhism
zazen, ‘just sitting’
alternatebreath
Block rightnostril withknuckle.Take4
slow,evenbreathsthroughleftnostril.
Repeatonotherside.
Kundalini Yoga
microcosmicorbit
Usethebreathtocirculateenergy
throughanoval‘microcosmic’orbit.
Startatthethroat,endattheforehead.
Taoism
transcendental
Silently,repeatagiven,single,
rhythmicalsound-phrase(mantra)
overandoveragain.
Many
TM
eating
Taketwentyminutes toeat 3
raisins.Savour everydetail: thelook,
theanticipation,thechew,thetaste,
theswallow.
analytical
Sit with a deep question in your mind.
‘Whoam I?’is a good one.Explorewhois
thinking,hearing,seeing,wondering.
What happens in theimmediatemoment
as you ask this question?
Dzogchen (Tibtean Buddhism)
rushen, self-inquiry
mantra
Chant a single,rhythmical sound-phrase
(mantra) over and over again.
Examples: ‘Haum Mani-Padme-Om’,
‘Sa-Ta-Na-Ma’,‘SabbeSatta SukhiHontu’,
‘SoHum’(I am),‘Sat Chit Ananda’.
Many
sensingloop
Feel intothesensations in your right foot
and then work up around each segment
of your body– lower leg,knee,thigh,hip,
hand,arm,shoulder – in a loop.
Sufism
body scan, body contemplation
three-partbreath
Firstfilltheabdomen with air,then
expandthechest,then liftribsandcollar
bone.Exhalein reverse.
Yoga
long deep
belly
Justfocusonthesensationofthe
breathinthebellyasitrisesandfalls.
Many
kath, hara, tan t'ien
breathoffire
Rapidrhythmicbreathsthroughthenose.
Exhaleexplosivelybycontractinganus,
inhalebyrelaxingabdominalmuscles.
Kundalini Yoga Yoga
agni pran
circularbreathing
Inhalefromthebaseofyourspineup
tothebaseofyourneck.Exhaledown
thebackofyourspine.
segmentedbreathing2
Focus on your browpoint.
Make4 inhalesniffs,hold for a few
seconds,exhalein 4 sniffs.Repeat.
Kundalini Yoga
segmentedbreathing1
Mouth in an ‘o’shape.Make8 small
inhalations (sniffs) through thenoseto
form onebreath.Exhalepowerfullyand
deeplyin onego.Repeat.
Kundalini Yoga
balancing
Inhaledeeplythrough thenose.
Hold breath for 15 seconds.
Exhalecompletelythrough thenose.
Hold breath for 15 seconds.Repeat.
Kundalini Yoga
meditationname
Simple,condensedinstructions
onhowtopractisethetechnique
tradition of origin
alternative name
lovingkindnessforself
Acknowledgewhatever you'refeeling.
Playfullyextend loving kindness to
yourself bysilentlyexpressing feelings
like: ‘MayI behappy/ healthy/ loved’
etc.Maintain this flowof intention.
Buddhism
metta bhavana, cultivation of love
concentration
Holdattention on aprimaryobject,
usuallyyourbreath.Mentallynotethe
upwardmovementofyourabdomenas
‘rising’,downwardas‘falling’.That’sit!
Many
focussed attention
silentgratitude
Imaginethefaceof someoneyou feel
grateful toin great detail and silently
thank them.Repeat for 4–5 people.
Buddhism
visualisation
lovingkindnessforothers
Picturesomeoneyou respect and love.
Send a stream of metta (loving kindness)
towards them using silent,suitablewords.
If a feeling of happiness arises,absorb
yourself intoit.
Buddhism
metta bhavana
attending
Concentratewhilecarefullynaming
thoughts,sensationsandothermental
processesanddistractions.
BuddhismBuddhism
open monitoring
walking
Feel everysensation in your feet whileslow
walking – contact,rolling,lifting etc.
Add attending and nameeverydistraction.
Add ‘loving kindness’and extend mettato
everyonewhoappears in your view.
Buddhism
mindfulness
Watchyourthoughts,letthemcome
andgo,withoutreacting,judging
orholdingon.
open monitoring
recommended
practice time
TypesofMeditation
sources:BuddhisteLibrary.org,BerzinArchives.com
heka6w2
jordan23
password
letmein
enter
testing
tester
test
pass
access
gateway welcome
helpme
passw0rd
fishing
dallas
yankees
golfer
nascar
steelers
tennis
lakers
yamaha
rangers
raiders
redsox
arsenal
golf
redskins
gunner
braves
yankee
runner
bronco
broncos
cricket
racing
redwings
celtic
soccerhockey
baseball football
cowboys
eagles
giants
packers
united
birdie
boston
hotdog
cheese
cookie peanut
butter muffin
apples cocacola
fire
beer
apple
pumpkincherry
pepper
coffee
banana
biteme
freedom
whatever
badboy sexsex
butthead
booger
horny
sucker
stupid
trustno1
test123
abc123
hello
asdfghaaaaaa
asdf
zxcvbnmqazwsx
qwertyui
zzzzzz
asdfasdf
little
qwert
xxxx
qwerty
zxcvbn
xxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
123abc
red123
123123666666
1111
121212
131313
11111111
7777777
987654
2112
1212
7777
232323
555555
2222
4444
69696969
11111
123321
999999
1313
87654321
333333
888888
12345
696969
2000
1234567
6969
123456789
654321
123456
12345678
1234
111111
112233
8675309
5150222222
777777
88888888
thx1138
bond007
rush2112
ou812
ncc1701
starwars
computer
merlin
matrix
snoopyboomer
internetdiablo
gandalf
startrek
voyager
topgun
saturn
onlinedexter
trinity
digitalbeatles
fantasy
genesis
college
compaq wizard
rosebud
dragon
jasmine
joshua maggie
william
thomas
ashley
amanda nicoleheather taylor
austin
matthew
martin
chelsea
patrick
richardanthony
bailey
jackson
morgan
mickey
justin
samantha
joseph
scooby
charles
junior mikebrandy
miller
brandon stevenjohn
chris
chicago
barney edwardbigdaddy johnson
chester
londonhannah
rachel
oliver
mother victoriajasperdavid
crystal
jack
shannonmurphy
prince
cameron madison wilson
carlos willieangela lauren
tiffany
dennis
liverpoo
jackie sophie
danielle
peaches
buddy freddy
alexis xaviercalvin
samson
alex walterbeavis
peter
bonnie
jonathan
skippy
sydneyscottgordon
travis
steve
rebecca
bill parkerarthur
donald williams
dave
august sammybrian paul
mark
frank
billy
garfield willow
carter
albert
america
jessiehouse
nissan
marvin
kevin walkerchristin
decemberbenjamin
therockbrooklyn
teresagregory
teens
michigan
stellacartman einstein kelly
nelson
nirvanalouise
mexico
ford
gibson
marcuscassie natashaalexande jester
michaeljennifer
jordan
superman
tigger
robert
batman george
charlie
andrew
michellejessicadaniel
smokey
dakotaandrea
melissa
johnny
james
toyotajason
sierra winstondebbie
newyorkjeremy
casperbubba
sandra
cooper driver tucker
maxwell
monicafredcanada
nathan
victor
florida nicholas
doctor
jake
shelby
sharon
godzilla
falcon
tigers
spiderrabbit tiger
panther
turtle
fishdolphins
dolphin
beaver
scorpionanimal
elephant wolf
donkey
buffalo
eagle
monkey
chickenbulldog
gators
jaguar tomcat
sexy
thunder
hammercorvette
sparkycowboycamaro
guitar
scooter
porsche
maverick
moneyiceman
monster
mercedes
fender marine
wintermidnightmarlboro
winner
captain maddog
rocket
warriormember
voodoo
apollo powerjackass
flyers legendblazer viper
bigboy
privatelifehack
phantom rock
cool
platinum
copper
freechevy surfer
airborne
action
adidas
explorer
police
magnum nothing
speedy vampire
playboy
snowball
sniperhotrod
reddog
mustang shadow
master
harley
hunter
ranger
buster
killer
black knighthardcore player
mountainbear
metallic
troublesuccess
guinness
bigdog phoenix
ferrari
theman
slayer
eagle1
viking
king
silver
orange
ginger summer
princess
diamond
yellow
secretiloveyou purple
panties
blue
angel golden iwantu
angels girls
flower
forever
green
magic
rainbow
scorpio
star
doggie heaven
baby
kitten
super white
sweet
dreams
kitty
girl
chance
love
sunshine
please
booboo
lovers
lucky
happy
gemini lover
pookie
THEMES
FREQUENCY
RANK
A Z 90
10
1ST
50
100
250
500
6%
PASSWORD/ACCESS SIMPLE ALPHANUMERICANIMAL SPORTNERDY/POPFOODCOOL/MACHO NAME REBELLIOUS/RUDEFLUFFY TRULY RANDOM
textsize= password strength
Top 500 Passwords Is yours here?
sources:variousdatabreaches,Xato.net,TroyHunt.com
data:bit.ly/KIB_Passwords
rulebyasmallgroup
ofelites
APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA,
USA (arguably)
rulebyasmallminority
ofrichcitizens
CITY OF LONDON
corruptruleby‘thieves’for
personalpower&wealth
RUSSIA (arguably)
USA (arguably)
rulebypowerful
druglords
GUINEA-BISSAU,
MEXICO (arguably)
rulebycorporations
orcorporateinterests
EAST INDIA COMPANY,
USA (arguably)
unquestionedrulebyunelected,
power,unboundbyconstitution
SAUDI ARABIA
rulebyEmir
(adynasticMuslimleader)
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
nopubliclyenforcedpower
TWITTER,
FRENCH REVOLUTION
rulebywomen
ELEPHANTS, BEES, ALIENS
rulebygroupreasoning
QUAKERS
rulebydisorganised
individuals
THE INTERNET
powerheldaccordingto
meritorability
CONFUCIANISM
OLIGARCHY CORPORATOCRACY
ANARCHY MATRIARCHY
MONARCHY EMIRATE
rulebySultan
(anArabianking)
BRUNEI
SULTANATE
rulebyCaliph(supremeIslamic
political&spiritualleader)
OTTOMAN EMPIRE
CALIPHATE
rulerboundbyconstitution,
oftenjustafigurehead
UNITED KINGDOM
CONSTITUTIONAL
SOCIOCRACY ADHOCRACY MERITOCRACY
DIRECT
peoplevote&decide
oneverything
SWITZERLAND
peopleelectrepresentatives
whovote&decideoneverything
MOST DEMOCRACIES
nocentralplanning,
usuallyviatechnology
THE INTERNET
broaderparticipation,suchas
consensusdecision-making
OCCUPY MOVEMENT
REPRESENTATIVE EMERGENT PARTICIPATORYDEMOCRACY
rulebythepeople
KLEPTOCRACY NARCOCRACYPLUTOCRACY
$
high-levelbureaucracy
mediatedbysoftware
WIKIPEDIA
WIKICRACY
rulerboundbyconstitution,
oftenjustafigurehead
UNITED KINGDOM
PARLIAMENTARY
rulebyelectedpresident
viaanelectedexecutive
USA (arguably)
REPUBLIC
importantdecisionsmade
by(non-elected)technicalofficials
most technical government
institutions
BUREAUCRACY
de-factorulebytechnical
experts(usuallyscientists)
THE EU, GOOGLE
TECHNOCRACY
rulebyasmall,unelected,
privilegedrulingclass
PRE-REVOLUTION FRANCE
absolute(usuallyabusive)rule
byasinglepersonorparty
LATIN AMERICAN
DICATORSHIPS
ARISTOCRACYAUTOCRACY
rulebyspiritualleaderor
God-givenspiritualsystem
VATICAN CITY, IRAN
TIBET (PRE-CHINESE RULE)
THEOCRACY
powerbetweenwarringelites
(halfwayautocracy&democracy)
ZIMBABWE, KENYA
ANOCRACY
constitutionalrule
bymilitarypower
MYANMAR
STRATOCRACY
PoliticalPowerSources
sources:Wikipedia,BBCHistory
data:bit.ly/KIB_RulingCasts
married happy-go-lucky outdoors-loving sex-mad hippy party-girl in senior management with a catRECIPE
YEARS-10 -5 +10+5 +15 +20
Strength of science
Suggestive
Good
Strong
7 hours ideal, but no
more than 8 hours a
night. Less sleep is
better than 8 hours+
Women with highest levels
of cynical hostility are 16%
more likely to die earlierManagers & those
with more professional
responsibility live longer
than those with more
‘routine’ work
Seen 10–20% lifespan boost
in rats & monkeys…not yet
proved in humans
Men who spend a lot
of time with women in
their formative years Those drinking a little a day
(less than 2 units) do better
than complete abstainers
Shoot for 350 a year!
Loneliness equivalent
to smoking 15 cigarettes
a day
Cat owners are 30%
less likely to have a
heart attack, especially
in the elderly
Obviously, combine
diet & exercise
Mediterranean- &
Japanese-style diets
150+ mins brisk walking
per week
When aged 30–49 years
No matter how much
you exercise, sitting
too much raises your
risk of death
25 years shorter
life expectancy
Men with more
than one wife live
12% longer
Poorer people die 5–10
years earlier than their
privileged peers
10 years gained if you quit
age 25; 5 years gained if
you quit between 45–59
If your siblings are
long-lived, you
probably will be too
Includes reliability,
non-impulsivity &
being neat & orderly
Live in a city
Sleep too much
Be optimistic
Get promoted
Eat less food
Have a long-lived maternal grandfather
Hang out with women – a lot!
Drink a little alcohol
Live at a high altitude
Exercise more
More pets
Have a long-lived sibling
QuitKeep smoking
Be alcoholic
Suffer severe mental illness
Be conscientious
Avoid cancer
Have more orgasms
And a little red wine
With close friends
Live in the country
Be polygamous, maybe
Sit down
Eat red meat
Get health checks
Get married!
Live healthily
Be rich
Be a woman
Become obese
male / female
specific
Avoid heart disease
Go to church regularly
Eat healthy
LiveLong…
What will really extend your life?
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
-5%
RISK
Lowest Low Medium High Highest Crazy
Inflation (USA)
Average return
(most investors)
0
Cash
Actual loss
due to inflation-2.3
TIME SPAN
US gov bonds
(2013)1.7
Australian
gov bonds 3.2
Brazilian
gov bonds 9.5
Greek gov bonds
(2013)16.5
3.6 Fixed income
Chinese
gov bonds4.5
Corporate
bonds7.7
Investment
grade bonds4.6
7.2 US gov bonds
(average)
‘High-yield’
bonds9.8
Short-term treasury (1 yr)0.2
Bank savings
account2.8
Actual loss
in real terms
(due to inflation)
-2.2
Liquid capital-2.8
25
Actual loss
in real terms-3.7
1.8
Bank current
account
(on paper)
UK shares-0.7
US shares 8.5
Hedge
funds
Becoming a
shareholder
of a bank
9.4
Apple stock
1984–2013
20
US stock
market 7.8
US property0.0
New York
State property 1.6
US house
market 2.7
London property
(2013)6.1
UK property
(2000s)8.2
Shanghai
property12.4
US house prices (1990s)3.5
China property 3.9
US house prices (2000s)4.1
California house
prices 2013 19
UK property (1990s)3.0
Private equity15
International
equity5.0
Global
private equity 11.0
Gold8.4
Venture capital20
High yield
equity portfolio6.3
Emerging
markets
9.2
Domestic equity
11.3
Small caps11.6
Flexible
capital12.7
Large-cap
growth21short
(~1 year)
long
(~10)
medium
(~5)
longer
(10+)
Bonds Stocks OthersProperty
…andProsper
Average annualised % return
sources:Forbes,TradingEconomics.com,TheEconomist.Yahoo!Finance,USAToday
data:bit.ly/KIB_Gambling
sources:BritishMedicalJournal,PLOSMedicine,NewScientist
data:bit.ly/KIB_LiveLong
InformationisBeautiful.net
exploreourcollectionofbeautifulvisualisations
accessallthedata&researchfromthisbook
getinvolvedwithcommenting&crowdsourcing
findallourlatestinfographicsandupdates
@infobeautiful
pinterest.com/infobeauty
bit.ly/IIB_GooglePlus
facebook.com/informationisbeautiful
seeliveexamplesofourdatavizapp
playwithinteractiveversionsoftheimagesinthisbook
.com
learnconceptingand designingappropriate&effectivevisualisations
bebroadlyintroducedtohowtousedataviz,researchandmethods
WorkshopsareBeautiful
Becomeadatavizninjawithourworkshops&training
Books
buyourlovely,best-sellinginfographicbooks
Work
withus
exploreour
commercial
collaborations
&commissions
Information Is Beautiful
David McCandless
UK US(Samebook,differenttitle)
impossibleideas,invisiblepatterns,hiddenconnections-visualized
Knowledge is Beautiful
is available from most
good book stores & online
emporiums
USA: Amazon | BOL
UK: Amazon | BOL
Ebook

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Kib sampler oct2016

  • 3. PROCESS VISUALISATION DESIGN MAPPINGART TYPE data data structured information linked knowledge inter-connected information knowledge METAPHOR atoms molecules DNA chromosomes cells organisms PROCESS mine gather measure examine recognise classify filter interpret arrange connect sequence condense integrate extrapolate generate evaluate understand explain
  • 4. 75%10% 1% 10–20% source: ‘Executing the Will of the Voters’, Alarcón & Mitchell (2010)source: NASA, Google Maps source: UK Office of National Statistics, 2011–12. Warning: small sample sizesources: The Lancet, Sheridan et al (2013), Yang et al (2007) source: private study by Caddington School of 232 children, 5-8 years old source: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Data (2010) sources: World Health Organisation, Institute of Food Research, Campbell et al (2012) Birth-defect chances Risky business Child Killers Main causes of death Child Murderers Who does it? Times Tables Times Error rate DeathRowsTotal cost of death penalty for California 1978–2010Big Country PasstheSaltSalt Sodium Cost per executionExecutions bodyneeds gramsperday grams 1teaspoon worldwideaverageintake Disease Suicide Homicide Accidents Parent/step-parent Unknown Stranger Friend/other relative Processed foodUnprocessed food Tap water Added at the table $1,020m Incarceration costs $1,940m Death-penalty trials $925m State appeals $156mFederal appeals Antarctica theMoon World Health Organisation intake target for 2025 Most governments’ current daily guideline Avg bag of crisps 2 0.8 5 2 6 2.4 10 4 13 $310m 82 12 1 3 1 60%10% 2 3 4 5 7 6 8 9 11 10 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1110 12 15 23 260 Simple Firstcousins Distantblood relatives Motherover34 Unrelated Fatherover50 Fatherover40 PARENTS RISK ODDS 1 IN XX CUMULATIVERISK Olderfirstcousins (he51,she38) 16 19 27 412.4% 382.8% 362.6% 3.7% 5.3% 6.1% 11.4% 9 data:bit.ly/KIB_Simple1
  • 5. Over 1–10,000 million times bigger than a normal black hole. Even bigger – a mere 10–40,000 million times bigger than your average black hole. Microscopic star residing at the centre of a black hole. A gravitational vacuum star – a theoretical alternative to black holes. Ultra-dense object formed when a massive star gravitationally collapses on itself. I can’t explain this one. It’s far too complicated for this little box. Young star inside a gas- dust envelope. Complex quantum effects turn light into iron inside this object, creating a metal star. Small, ultra-dense star with gigantic magnetic field spinning 100’s of times per second. A massive stellar explosion that has not destroyed its parent sun. Highly magnetic neutron star emitting pulsed beams of light like a lighthouse. Small, compact star made of theoretical particles. Giant star with a second object, a neutron star, at its core. Massive, very bright old stars shedding massive layers of their mass. Brightness appears to flicker & fluctuate as seen from Earth. Type of flickering star with very unpredictable & dramatic increases in brightness. Unknown object emitting large, irregular bursts of gamma radiation & X-rays. Stars unusually high in metals such as mercury & manganese. Bright & on its way to becoming a supergiant. Rich in metals & often with planets. Very rare stellar entity, with almost no hydrogen, the most common element. Large hydrogen- fusing star a few hundred times the radius of the Sun. Theoretical object that may have existed in the early universe before normal stars formed. An alternative & more stable object than a traditional black hole. Very compact quasar shooting two massive jets of energy from its poles. A very small quasar only a few times bigger than the Sun. Very energetic & active nucleus of a galaxy – the brightest objects in the universe. Slightly mysterious stars that don’t follow the usual curve of star evolution. Somewhere in between giants & supergiants, very bright but not overly massive. Two stars, a white dwarf & a very close ‘donor’ star that feeds the host dwarf star. Rapidly spinning collapsed core of a massive star, dense & made mostly of neutrons. Black-hole replacement made from vacuum or maybe dark energy. Massive neutron star so dense that the neutrons break down into ‘strange matter’. Biggest & brightest of stars. Massive, hot & destined to explode into supernovae. Group of a few thousand stars of the same age, formed from the same cloud. Spherical group of stars orbiting in the outer halo of a galaxy. Common version, featuring a central bar-shaped structure made of stars. Stars in the hydrogen-burning main phase of their life. Often called dwarves. When a white dwarf sufficiently cools & no longer emits heat or light. A star in mid-explosion, forming a bubble-like shockwave. A small dwarf star sucking material from a giant star, causing flares & belches. Massively high-energy stellar explosion. May create deadly gamma-ray bursts. Exploding star, often briefly outshining the brightness of a entire galaxy. Explosion caused by the collossal merging of two stars. Old, thin galaxies with both a bulge & a disk, but only very vague spiral arms. Oval masses of old stars without discs & with little new star formation. Unimaginably huge collections of thousands of galaxies bound together. Short-lived but incredibly bright & massive stars, shedding huge amounts of mass. A proto-star about 100 million years into its growth, before it becomes a full star. Dense dark cloud of cosmic dust & gas-like cocoons where stars can be born. Large interstellar cloud & often stellar nurseries where stars are birthed. Very large & unstable star prone to dramatic energetic outbursts. Billions of stars collected in a flat, rotating disc with a distinctive central ‘bulge’. A glowing shell of electrified gas expanding from a dying star. A contraction in a molecular cloud that precedes the birth of a star. A glowing shell of electrified gas generated as a star runs out of nuclear fuel. Very massive unknown type of star at the end of its life. Lacks the bulk to trigger reactions necessary to shine. Often a companion to a larger star. A star in an early stage of evolution. The burnt-out remains of a star once it’s used up all its hydrogen. Gravastar Supermassive Black Hole Ultramassive Black Hole Planck Star Stellar Black Hole Electroweak star Herbig Ae/Be Star Iron Star Magnetar Supernova Imposter Thorne–Żytkow Object Preon Star Pulsar Wolf–Rayet Star Pulsating / Variable Star Flare Star Soft Gamma Repeater Peculiar Star Sub Giant Extreme Helium Star Giant Dark Star (Newtonian) Dark Star (Dark Matter) Blazar Micro Quasar Quasar Blue StragglerBright Giants Cataclysmic Variable Star Quark Star Neutron Star Dark Energy Star Supergiant Open Star Cluster Globular Cluster Barred Spiral Galaxy Main Sequence Star Black Dwarf Supernova Remnant Dwarf Nova HypernovaSupernova Luminous Red/Blue Nova Lenticular Galaxy Elliptical Galaxy Galactic Cluster Hyper Giant T. Tauri Bok Globule Molecular Cloud or H2 Region Luminous Blue Variable Spiral Galaxy Planetary Nebula ProtostarProtoplanetary Nebula Compact Star Brown DwarfYoung Stellar Object White Dwarf ‘Exotic’Star Explodingobject(nova) BlackHole-typeobject CloudGalaxyobject Star THEORETICALCOMMON RARE SMALL MASSIVE TheStellarNursery sources:NASA,Space.com,Wikipedia data:bit.ly/KIB_Stellar
  • 6. BestinShow The ultimate data-dog Bulldog SaintBernard GreatDane Mastiff Bullmastiff Bloodhound IrishWolfhound Pekingese AfghanHound KerryBlue Terrier Greyhound Dandie Dinmont Terrier ClumberSpaniel Scottish Terrier Pembroke WelshCorgi Dalmatian Belgian Tervuren EnglishToy Spaniel DobermanPinscher BostonTerrier Flat-Coated Retriever Briard Pug Chesapeake BayRetriever Golden Retriever Samoyed BrusselsGriffon Tibetan Spaniel Pointer German Shorthaired Pointer Poodle Dachshund MiniatureSchnauzer Siberian Husky Shetland Sheepdog Affenpinscher Lhasa Apso Australian CattleDog EnglishCocker Spaniel WelshSpringer Spaniel Border Terrier BorderCollie CairnTerrier Brittany Papillon Cocker Spaniel BedlingtonTerrier Australian Terrier Chihuahua Whippet WestHighland WhiteTerrier English Springer Spaniel Bichon Frise IrishSetter Yorkshire Terrier LabradorRetriever Australian Shepherd Maltese Pomeranian Shih Tzu Pharaoh Hound Beagle EnglishSetter GordonSetter TibetanTerrier Norfolk Terrier CavalierKing Charles Spaniel Basset Hound Basenji ItalianGreyhound Staffordshire Bull Terrier Bouvierdes Flandres GiantSchnauzer GermanShepherd Newfoundland Akita FrenchBulldog ChowChow Alaskan Malamute Boxer Bernese MountainDog Bull Terrier Borzoi OldEnglish Sheepdog Rhodesian Ridgeback Rottweiler Saluki Inexplicablyoverrated Rightlyignored publicpopularity Overlookedtreasures Hotdog! longevity grooming appetite datascoreailments costsintelligence OUR DATA SCORE Sporting WorkingNon-sporting Terrier ToyHerding Houndsmall medium largedumb clever SIZEINTELLIGENCE our data score sources:AmericanKennelClub,Cassidy(2007),CanineInheritedDisordersDatabase,‘TheIntelligenceofDogs’,StanleyCoren data:bit.ly/KIB_BestDogs
  • 7. tongue on roof of mouth no ‘no thoughts’ the goal of meditation is not to empty the mind, but to observe the present moment non-judgementally. chill man meditating is acknowledging and observing whatever happens – pleasant or unpleasant – in a relaxed way. open this gives insight into how the mind really works, reducing attachment, letting us relax more deeply… microscope …transforming the mind and using it as a device to explore itself and the nature of reality. TheGist breathe naturally through the nose straight spine SIT relaxed but erect comfortable eyes closed / 10% open imagine a string lightly pulling up your head tuck chin chest up and out shoulders relaxed, dropped and back GoodPosture belly out, pelvis forward mentally alert, still knees lower than hips hands resting on knees AlsoGood CommonHindrances restless flightiness of mind, creating excitement or anxiety drifting random mental phenomena like radio interference stray thoughts over-focussing or trying to control restricts & tightens the mind trying too hardsinking fading of concentration, dullness, sleepiness laziness putting meditation off until later QualitiesofMindDevelopedinelementalEasternterms agile light,quick-witted tranquil calm,still clear sharp,perceptive pliant receptive,flexible open spacious,empty steady concentrated,centred warm tolerant,positive confident self-assured,proficient upright straightforward,direct malleable strong,workable space air fire water earth Meditation sources:BuddhisteLibrary,‘Meditation’(WindHorse,1999)
  • 8. BODY BREATH MINDMANTRAHEART objectof concentration 15 30 45 60 1 2 --- --- --- ------ ------ ------ --- --- zen Countingyourbreaths(1forinhalation, 2forexhalation)upto10.Ifyourmind wanders,gentlygobackto1. Justsitlikethis. Zen Buddhism zazen, ‘just sitting’ alternatebreath Block rightnostril withknuckle.Take4 slow,evenbreathsthroughleftnostril. Repeatonotherside. Kundalini Yoga microcosmicorbit Usethebreathtocirculateenergy throughanoval‘microcosmic’orbit. Startatthethroat,endattheforehead. Taoism transcendental Silently,repeatagiven,single, rhythmicalsound-phrase(mantra) overandoveragain. Many TM eating Taketwentyminutes toeat 3 raisins.Savour everydetail: thelook, theanticipation,thechew,thetaste, theswallow. analytical Sit with a deep question in your mind. ‘Whoam I?’is a good one.Explorewhois thinking,hearing,seeing,wondering. What happens in theimmediatemoment as you ask this question? Dzogchen (Tibtean Buddhism) rushen, self-inquiry mantra Chant a single,rhythmical sound-phrase (mantra) over and over again. Examples: ‘Haum Mani-Padme-Om’, ‘Sa-Ta-Na-Ma’,‘SabbeSatta SukhiHontu’, ‘SoHum’(I am),‘Sat Chit Ananda’. Many sensingloop Feel intothesensations in your right foot and then work up around each segment of your body– lower leg,knee,thigh,hip, hand,arm,shoulder – in a loop. Sufism body scan, body contemplation three-partbreath Firstfilltheabdomen with air,then expandthechest,then liftribsandcollar bone.Exhalein reverse. Yoga long deep belly Justfocusonthesensationofthe breathinthebellyasitrisesandfalls. Many kath, hara, tan t'ien breathoffire Rapidrhythmicbreathsthroughthenose. Exhaleexplosivelybycontractinganus, inhalebyrelaxingabdominalmuscles. Kundalini Yoga Yoga agni pran circularbreathing Inhalefromthebaseofyourspineup tothebaseofyourneck.Exhaledown thebackofyourspine. segmentedbreathing2 Focus on your browpoint. Make4 inhalesniffs,hold for a few seconds,exhalein 4 sniffs.Repeat. Kundalini Yoga segmentedbreathing1 Mouth in an ‘o’shape.Make8 small inhalations (sniffs) through thenoseto form onebreath.Exhalepowerfullyand deeplyin onego.Repeat. Kundalini Yoga balancing Inhaledeeplythrough thenose. Hold breath for 15 seconds. Exhalecompletelythrough thenose. Hold breath for 15 seconds.Repeat. Kundalini Yoga meditationname Simple,condensedinstructions onhowtopractisethetechnique tradition of origin alternative name lovingkindnessforself Acknowledgewhatever you'refeeling. Playfullyextend loving kindness to yourself bysilentlyexpressing feelings like: ‘MayI behappy/ healthy/ loved’ etc.Maintain this flowof intention. Buddhism metta bhavana, cultivation of love concentration Holdattention on aprimaryobject, usuallyyourbreath.Mentallynotethe upwardmovementofyourabdomenas ‘rising’,downwardas‘falling’.That’sit! Many focussed attention silentgratitude Imaginethefaceof someoneyou feel grateful toin great detail and silently thank them.Repeat for 4–5 people. Buddhism visualisation lovingkindnessforothers Picturesomeoneyou respect and love. Send a stream of metta (loving kindness) towards them using silent,suitablewords. If a feeling of happiness arises,absorb yourself intoit. Buddhism metta bhavana attending Concentratewhilecarefullynaming thoughts,sensationsandothermental processesanddistractions. BuddhismBuddhism open monitoring walking Feel everysensation in your feet whileslow walking – contact,rolling,lifting etc. Add attending and nameeverydistraction. Add ‘loving kindness’and extend mettato everyonewhoappears in your view. Buddhism mindfulness Watchyourthoughts,letthemcome andgo,withoutreacting,judging orholdingon. open monitoring recommended practice time TypesofMeditation sources:BuddhisteLibrary.org,BerzinArchives.com
  • 9. heka6w2 jordan23 password letmein enter testing tester test pass access gateway welcome helpme passw0rd fishing dallas yankees golfer nascar steelers tennis lakers yamaha rangers raiders redsox arsenal golf redskins gunner braves yankee runner bronco broncos cricket racing redwings celtic soccerhockey baseball football cowboys eagles giants packers united birdie boston hotdog cheese cookie peanut butter muffin apples cocacola fire beer apple pumpkincherry pepper coffee banana biteme freedom whatever badboy sexsex butthead booger horny sucker stupid trustno1 test123 abc123 hello asdfghaaaaaa asdf zxcvbnmqazwsx qwertyui zzzzzz asdfasdf little qwert xxxx qwerty zxcvbn xxxxxx xxxxxxxx 123abc red123 123123666666 1111 121212 131313 11111111 7777777 987654 2112 1212 7777 232323 555555 2222 4444 69696969 11111 123321 999999 1313 87654321 333333 888888 12345 696969 2000 1234567 6969 123456789 654321 123456 12345678 1234 111111 112233 8675309 5150222222 777777 88888888 thx1138 bond007 rush2112 ou812 ncc1701 starwars computer merlin matrix snoopyboomer internetdiablo gandalf startrek voyager topgun saturn onlinedexter trinity digitalbeatles fantasy genesis college compaq wizard rosebud dragon jasmine joshua maggie william thomas ashley amanda nicoleheather taylor austin matthew martin chelsea patrick richardanthony bailey jackson morgan mickey justin samantha joseph scooby charles junior mikebrandy miller brandon stevenjohn chris chicago barney edwardbigdaddy johnson chester londonhannah rachel oliver mother victoriajasperdavid crystal jack shannonmurphy prince cameron madison wilson carlos willieangela lauren tiffany dennis liverpoo jackie sophie danielle peaches buddy freddy alexis xaviercalvin samson alex walterbeavis peter bonnie jonathan skippy sydneyscottgordon travis steve rebecca bill parkerarthur donald williams dave august sammybrian paul mark frank billy garfield willow carter albert america jessiehouse nissan marvin kevin walkerchristin decemberbenjamin therockbrooklyn teresagregory teens michigan stellacartman einstein kelly nelson nirvanalouise mexico ford gibson marcuscassie natashaalexande jester michaeljennifer jordan superman tigger robert batman george charlie andrew michellejessicadaniel smokey dakotaandrea melissa johnny james toyotajason sierra winstondebbie newyorkjeremy casperbubba sandra cooper driver tucker maxwell monicafredcanada nathan victor florida nicholas doctor jake shelby sharon godzilla falcon tigers spiderrabbit tiger panther turtle fishdolphins dolphin beaver scorpionanimal elephant wolf donkey buffalo eagle monkey chickenbulldog gators jaguar tomcat sexy thunder hammercorvette sparkycowboycamaro guitar scooter porsche maverick moneyiceman monster mercedes fender marine wintermidnightmarlboro winner captain maddog rocket warriormember voodoo apollo powerjackass flyers legendblazer viper bigboy privatelifehack phantom rock cool platinum copper freechevy surfer airborne action adidas explorer police magnum nothing speedy vampire playboy snowball sniperhotrod reddog mustang shadow master harley hunter ranger buster killer black knighthardcore player mountainbear metallic troublesuccess guinness bigdog phoenix ferrari theman slayer eagle1 viking king silver orange ginger summer princess diamond yellow secretiloveyou purple panties blue angel golden iwantu angels girls flower forever green magic rainbow scorpio star doggie heaven baby kitten super white sweet dreams kitty girl chance love sunshine please booboo lovers lucky happy gemini lover pookie THEMES FREQUENCY RANK A Z 90 10 1ST 50 100 250 500 6% PASSWORD/ACCESS SIMPLE ALPHANUMERICANIMAL SPORTNERDY/POPFOODCOOL/MACHO NAME REBELLIOUS/RUDEFLUFFY TRULY RANDOM textsize= password strength Top 500 Passwords Is yours here? sources:variousdatabreaches,Xato.net,TroyHunt.com data:bit.ly/KIB_Passwords
  • 10. rulebyasmallgroup ofelites APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA, USA (arguably) rulebyasmallminority ofrichcitizens CITY OF LONDON corruptruleby‘thieves’for personalpower&wealth RUSSIA (arguably) USA (arguably) rulebypowerful druglords GUINEA-BISSAU, MEXICO (arguably) rulebycorporations orcorporateinterests EAST INDIA COMPANY, USA (arguably) unquestionedrulebyunelected, power,unboundbyconstitution SAUDI ARABIA rulebyEmir (adynasticMuslimleader) UNITED ARAB EMIRATES nopubliclyenforcedpower TWITTER, FRENCH REVOLUTION rulebywomen ELEPHANTS, BEES, ALIENS rulebygroupreasoning QUAKERS rulebydisorganised individuals THE INTERNET powerheldaccordingto meritorability CONFUCIANISM OLIGARCHY CORPORATOCRACY ANARCHY MATRIARCHY MONARCHY EMIRATE rulebySultan (anArabianking) BRUNEI SULTANATE rulebyCaliph(supremeIslamic political&spiritualleader) OTTOMAN EMPIRE CALIPHATE rulerboundbyconstitution, oftenjustafigurehead UNITED KINGDOM CONSTITUTIONAL SOCIOCRACY ADHOCRACY MERITOCRACY DIRECT peoplevote&decide oneverything SWITZERLAND peopleelectrepresentatives whovote&decideoneverything MOST DEMOCRACIES nocentralplanning, usuallyviatechnology THE INTERNET broaderparticipation,suchas consensusdecision-making OCCUPY MOVEMENT REPRESENTATIVE EMERGENT PARTICIPATORYDEMOCRACY rulebythepeople KLEPTOCRACY NARCOCRACYPLUTOCRACY $ high-levelbureaucracy mediatedbysoftware WIKIPEDIA WIKICRACY rulerboundbyconstitution, oftenjustafigurehead UNITED KINGDOM PARLIAMENTARY rulebyelectedpresident viaanelectedexecutive USA (arguably) REPUBLIC importantdecisionsmade by(non-elected)technicalofficials most technical government institutions BUREAUCRACY de-factorulebytechnical experts(usuallyscientists) THE EU, GOOGLE TECHNOCRACY rulebyasmall,unelected, privilegedrulingclass PRE-REVOLUTION FRANCE absolute(usuallyabusive)rule byasinglepersonorparty LATIN AMERICAN DICATORSHIPS ARISTOCRACYAUTOCRACY rulebyspiritualleaderor God-givenspiritualsystem VATICAN CITY, IRAN TIBET (PRE-CHINESE RULE) THEOCRACY powerbetweenwarringelites (halfwayautocracy&democracy) ZIMBABWE, KENYA ANOCRACY constitutionalrule bymilitarypower MYANMAR STRATOCRACY PoliticalPowerSources sources:Wikipedia,BBCHistory data:bit.ly/KIB_RulingCasts
  • 11. married happy-go-lucky outdoors-loving sex-mad hippy party-girl in senior management with a catRECIPE YEARS-10 -5 +10+5 +15 +20 Strength of science Suggestive Good Strong 7 hours ideal, but no more than 8 hours a night. Less sleep is better than 8 hours+ Women with highest levels of cynical hostility are 16% more likely to die earlierManagers & those with more professional responsibility live longer than those with more ‘routine’ work Seen 10–20% lifespan boost in rats & monkeys…not yet proved in humans Men who spend a lot of time with women in their formative years Those drinking a little a day (less than 2 units) do better than complete abstainers Shoot for 350 a year! Loneliness equivalent to smoking 15 cigarettes a day Cat owners are 30% less likely to have a heart attack, especially in the elderly Obviously, combine diet & exercise Mediterranean- & Japanese-style diets 150+ mins brisk walking per week When aged 30–49 years No matter how much you exercise, sitting too much raises your risk of death 25 years shorter life expectancy Men with more than one wife live 12% longer Poorer people die 5–10 years earlier than their privileged peers 10 years gained if you quit age 25; 5 years gained if you quit between 45–59 If your siblings are long-lived, you probably will be too Includes reliability, non-impulsivity & being neat & orderly Live in a city Sleep too much Be optimistic Get promoted Eat less food Have a long-lived maternal grandfather Hang out with women – a lot! Drink a little alcohol Live at a high altitude Exercise more More pets Have a long-lived sibling QuitKeep smoking Be alcoholic Suffer severe mental illness Be conscientious Avoid cancer Have more orgasms And a little red wine With close friends Live in the country Be polygamous, maybe Sit down Eat red meat Get health checks Get married! Live healthily Be rich Be a woman Become obese male / female specific Avoid heart disease Go to church regularly Eat healthy LiveLong… What will really extend your life? 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% -5% RISK Lowest Low Medium High Highest Crazy Inflation (USA) Average return (most investors) 0 Cash Actual loss due to inflation-2.3 TIME SPAN US gov bonds (2013)1.7 Australian gov bonds 3.2 Brazilian gov bonds 9.5 Greek gov bonds (2013)16.5 3.6 Fixed income Chinese gov bonds4.5 Corporate bonds7.7 Investment grade bonds4.6 7.2 US gov bonds (average) ‘High-yield’ bonds9.8 Short-term treasury (1 yr)0.2 Bank savings account2.8 Actual loss in real terms (due to inflation) -2.2 Liquid capital-2.8 25 Actual loss in real terms-3.7 1.8 Bank current account (on paper) UK shares-0.7 US shares 8.5 Hedge funds Becoming a shareholder of a bank 9.4 Apple stock 1984–2013 20 US stock market 7.8 US property0.0 New York State property 1.6 US house market 2.7 London property (2013)6.1 UK property (2000s)8.2 Shanghai property12.4 US house prices (1990s)3.5 China property 3.9 US house prices (2000s)4.1 California house prices 2013 19 UK property (1990s)3.0 Private equity15 International equity5.0 Global private equity 11.0 Gold8.4 Venture capital20 High yield equity portfolio6.3 Emerging markets 9.2 Domestic equity 11.3 Small caps11.6 Flexible capital12.7 Large-cap growth21short (~1 year) long (~10) medium (~5) longer (10+) Bonds Stocks OthersProperty …andProsper Average annualised % return sources:Forbes,TradingEconomics.com,TheEconomist.Yahoo!Finance,USAToday data:bit.ly/KIB_Gambling sources:BritishMedicalJournal,PLOSMedicine,NewScientist data:bit.ly/KIB_LiveLong
  • 12. InformationisBeautiful.net exploreourcollectionofbeautifulvisualisations accessallthedata&researchfromthisbook getinvolvedwithcommenting&crowdsourcing findallourlatestinfographicsandupdates @infobeautiful pinterest.com/infobeauty bit.ly/IIB_GooglePlus facebook.com/informationisbeautiful seeliveexamplesofourdatavizapp playwithinteractiveversionsoftheimagesinthisbook .com learnconceptingand designingappropriate&effectivevisualisations bebroadlyintroducedtohowtousedataviz,researchandmethods WorkshopsareBeautiful Becomeadatavizninjawithourworkshops&training Books buyourlovely,best-sellinginfographicbooks Work withus exploreour commercial collaborations &commissions Information Is Beautiful David McCandless UK US(Samebook,differenttitle) impossibleideas,invisiblepatterns,hiddenconnections-visualized Knowledge is Beautiful is available from most good book stores & online emporiums USA: Amazon | BOL UK: Amazon | BOL Ebook