What is network ? Networks categories LAN(local area network), MAN(metropolitan area network), WAN(wide area network) and Topologies like Star topology, Ring topology, Bus Topology, Mesh Topology. Advantage and disadvantages of star topology, Advantage and disadvantages of ring topology, Advantage and disadvantages of bus topology, Advantage and disadvantages of mesh topolog.,

2. Group Members:
Mohammad Sajid
Hamza Khan Abbasi
NETWORKS
AND
TOPOLOGIES

3. Network:
A network is a set of devices (nodes)
connected by communication links. A
node can be a computer , printer and
any other device which can be
sending and receiving data by other
nodes on the network.
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

4. Networks Types:
There are many kinds of computer networks.
• Local area network (LAN)
• Metropolitan area network (MAN)
• Wide area network (WAN)
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

5. Local area network (LAN):
A local area network is a privately owned communications network that
serves users within a confined geographical area.
Example:
• Office
• School
• University, like within a building
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

6. Metropolitan area network (MAN)
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network
that interconnects users with computer resources in a
geographic area or region larger than that covered by even a
large local area network (LAN) but smaller than the area
covered by a wide area network (WAN).
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

7. Wide area network (WAN):
A wide area network is when computers or devices are connected
together over a large geographical area. For example, a company
with an office in London and another in Beijing would use a WAN to
allow the employees to share one network. Some companies will
connect a number of LANs in different areas together to create a
WAN.
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

8. Topology:
The physical layout of a network is called a topology. Or Network
topology is the arrangement of the various elements of a
communication network.
Four basic types of topology:
• Star topology network
• Ring topology network
• Bus topology network
• Mesh topology network
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

9. Star topology network:
Star topology is a network topology where each individual piece
of a network is attached to a central node (often called a hub or
switch).
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

10. Advantages of Star topology :
• New terminals can be added and removed easily.
• If one node or its connection breaks it doesn’t affect the other
computers and their connections.
Disadvantages of Star topology:
• An expensive network layout to install because of the amount of
cables needed.
• If the central server fails, so the entire network will stop.
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

11. Ring topology network:
A ring network is a network topology in which each node connects to exactly
two other nodes. All communication between terminals follows a clockwise
or anticlockwise pattern.
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

12. Advantages of Ring topology:
• All data flows in one direction, reducing the chance of packet
collisions.
• Data can transfer between workstations at high speeds.
Disadvantage of Ring topology:
• The entire network will be impacted if one workstation shuts down.
• Communication delay is directly proportional to the number of
computers in the network.
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

13. Bus topology network:
Bus topology is a specific kind of network topology in which all of the
various devices in the network are connected to a single cable or line.
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

14. Advantages of Bus topology:
• It works well when you have a small network.
• Easy to connect a computer or peripheral to a linear bus.
• Requires less cable length than a star topology.
Disadvantages of Bus topology:
• Entire network shuts down if there is a break in the main cable.
• Not great for large networks.
• Difficult to identify the problems if the whole network goes down.
• Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable.
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

15. Mesh topology network:
A network setup where each computer and network device is
interconnected with one another, allowing for most transmissions
to be distributed, even if one of the connections go down. It is a
topology commonly used for wireless networks.
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES

16. • Advantages of Mesh topology:
• Can handle high amounts of traffic, because multiple devices can
transmit data simultaneously.
• A failure of one device does not cause a break in the network or
transmission of data.
• Disadvantages of Mesh topology:
• The cost to implement is higher than other network topologies.
• Building and maintaining the topology is difficult and time
consuming.
NETWORKS AND TOPOLOGIES