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Mice as an experimental animal
- 1. Mice as an Experimental Animal Dr Manish Mohan 2nd year post graduate student Department of pharmacology SGMCRF
- 2. MOUSE (Mus musculus ) Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class : Mammalia Order: Rodentia
- 3. Why Mouse Matters? Genome sequence published in 2002 Mouse and human genomes ---- 3.1 billion base pairs Protein-coding -----85 percent identical
- 4. History as a biological model Sir William Harvey Joseph Priestley
- 5. Why it is researcher’s favorite ??? Genomic similarity Cost effective small animal short lifespan
- 6. Biological data Typical adult weight 20-40 g Average life span 1.5-2.5 yrs. Gestation period 19-21 days Average litter size 5-7 Estrous cycle 4-5 days
- 7. Physiological data Heart rate – 330-780 beats /min Resp rate – 84-230/min Blood volume -6-7% of B.Wt Daily food intake – 4-5 g Daily water intake -4-5 ml
- 8. Age - Classification Neonatal :0 - 21 days Juvenile: 3 weeks - 2 months Adult :3 months to 12 months Middle aged: 9-12 months Aged: 13 months to 24 months
- 9. Mouse types….. C57BL/6 BALB/c CB17 SCID Swiss albino CD-1
- 10. BALB/c Albino, laboratory-bred strain Most widely used inbred strain High levels of anxiety Advantage : Resistant to diet- induced atherosclerosis
- 12. NUDE MOUSE • Hairless genetic mutant • Thymus absent(FOXN1 gene) T –LYMPHOCYTE Tissue immunity and transplantation research
- 13. Transgenic mice Bioluminescent jellyfish Green fluorescent protein gene
- 14. Knockout Mice Fat Mice Obese gene (ob) Leptin Control of appetite
- 15. EXPERIMENTAL USES Toxicity studies - acute /chronic Teratogenicity studies Bioassay of insulin
- 16. Cont…… Screening of analgesic and anticonvulsant Screening of chemotherapeutic agents Studies related to genetics and cancer research Antibody production
- 17. Blood collection Blood collection requiring anesthesia - Tail vein - Tail snip - Orbital sinus - Jugular vein Blood collection not requiring anesthesia -Saphenous vein -Dorsal pedal vein
- 18. Monument to lab mouse in Novosibirsk, Russia
- 19. THANK YOU
Editor's Notes
- They are the most commonly used mammalian research model and are used for research in genetics, psychology, medicine and other scientific disciplines
- 17th Century when William Harvey used them for his studies on reproduction and blood circulation 18th century----- used mice to study respiration
- cost effective because they are cheap and easy to look after. The mouse is small, so convenient to house scientists can easily measure the effects of ageing.
- S m- 1.5-2 months one mouse year equaling about 30 human years. Therefore, their entire life cycle can be studied within only two or three years.
- inbred mice are referred as strains, whereas outbred mice are referred to as stocks
- making them a useful model for cardiovascular research
- The nude mouse is valuable to research because it can receive many different types of tissue and tumor grafts, as it mounts no rejection response.
- foreign genes inserted into their genome
- where a specific gene was made inoperable by a technique known as gene knockout
- Terminal procedure-Cardiac puncture ,orbital sinus
- sacrifice of the mice in genetic research used to understand biological and physiological mechanisms for developing new drugs and curing of diseases