psle science - parts of plants and functions

1. Parts of a plant 1. Leaves - Make food
2. Flowers - Reproduction (part 1)
3. Fruit - Reproduction (part 2)
4. Stems - Transport
5. Seed - Reproduction (part 3)
6. Absorb nutrient/anchor

2. • What are the parts/functions of a plant?
leaves MAKE FOOD!!!!!
from sunlight
Stems/
branches
/tubes
TRANSPORT
Transport WATER/FOOD from ROOTS/LEAVES to the rest of the
plant
SUPPORT/keeps plant straight
roots ABSORB
Absorbs WATER/NUTRIENTS from soil
Root hairs
Flowers and
fruits
Plant REPRODUCTION

3. Similarities between plants and humans
Function/feature plants humans
breathing Stomata on leaves Nose
Absorption of
nutrients
Roots hair Villi in small
intestine
Circulatory system Water carrying
tubes
Food carrying tubes
Blood vessels
Reproductive
system
flowers Male and female
reproductive
systems

4. Stems
• Involved in transport of
water/food/nutrients to other
parts of the plant
• Stems swell with water to
become turgid
• Cell walls are the reason why
plants can remain turgid, they
keep water in
The reason why freshly cut flowers (no roots) are placed in a glass of
water is so that they absorb the water and still look fresh

5. • Stems transport water and food
• 1. Water carrying tubes
• 2. Food carrying tubes

6. The two tubes are:
• water carrying tube.
Direction: from roots upwards
to stems and to the leaves
• Food carrying tube
Direction:
From leaves downwards to the
stem to the other parts of the
plants

8. #Food carrying tubes
The ringing experiment
Question: I cut the outer ring of the stem, I
notice a swelling of the stem above the cut
area. Which of the tubes are affected
Answer: the food carrying tube. Because
the direction of transport
from leaves (above) to the rest of the plants
(below)

9. Food from leaves
Travels downwards

10. Question:
Can you achieve a similar result for water carrying tubes?
Eg I cut the ring and I notice swelling below the cut
Answer:
No.
Because
One, the water carrying tubes are in the middle of the stem (how to cut ring?)
Two, the water will not cause swelling because it will just flow back to the soil

11. #Water carrying tubes
The food dye experiment
Place plant in vase fill with blue colour water
Plant leaves start to turn blue as the plant water carrying
tubes transport the blue color water to the leaves
In real life, this is done to make blue colour flowers

12. • Roots
• anchor plant firmly to soil
• absorb nutrients and water from the soil
through root hairs

13. • Root hairs  increase surface area
increase absorption of nutrients
• similar to villi in small intestine

14. • Don’t confuse nutrients (from roots) ≠ with
food (from leaves).
• Food are sugar/starch
• – needed for energy,
• made by the plant itself
• Nutrients from soil are minerals – needed in
small amounts to be healthy,
• -- absorbed from the soil

15. • #Topic: environment
• Roots – anchor plant firmly to soil
• Roots also hold soil together
• Which is why deforestation causes soil erosion

16. Plant leaves
Iodine test
What is the purpose of boiling in alcohol?
To decolourise the leave (green colour)
Iodine is blue or brown
What is the purpose of keeping plant in the dark?
The deplete starch/sugar stored in leaves.
Why?