3. Psychopathy checklist-revised (pcl-r) Factor One (F1) Interpersonal: Affective: Glibness Lack of remorse Grandiose Shallow affect Pathological lying Callousness Manipulative Failure to accept responsibility Factor Two (F2) Lifestyle: Antisocial: Need for stimulation Poor behavioral control Parasitic lifestyle Early behavior problems Lack of realistic Juvenile delinquency Goals Impulsivity Revocation of conditional release Irresponsibility Criminal versatility
4. Does the pcl-r predict recidivism? Walters (2003) found F2 of the PCL-R correlated moderately well with recidivism. Porter, Brinke, and Wilson (2009) found an association between psychopathy and increased instance of violent and non-violent offenses. Walters and Duncan (2005) found F2 of the PCL-R successfully predicted recidivism. Porter, Birt, and Boer (2001) found offenders scoring within the psychopathic range of the PCL-R (30 or higher), consistently committed more violent and non-violent offenses than those with low scores. ***Based on official criminal recidivism rates***
5. Recommendations Find the cause of psychopathy Find an effective treatment Address the aspects of psychopathy responsible for the higher predictive efficacy of F2 of the PCL-R
6. References Brown, S. E., Esbensen, F., & Geis, G. (2007). Criminology: Explaining crime and its context (6th ed.). Southington, CT: Anderson Publishing. Edens, J. F., Campbell, J. S., & Weir, J. M. (2006). Youth psychopathy and criminal recidivism: A meta-analysis of the psychopathy checklist measures. Law and Human Behavior, 31(1), 53-75. Hare, R. D. (1999). Psychopathy as a risk for violence. Psychiatric Quarterly, 70(3), 181-195. Hare, R. D. & Neumann, C. S. (2009). Psychopathy: Assessment and forensic implications. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 54(12), 791-802. Porter, S., Birt, A. R., & Boer, D. P. (2001). Investigation of the criminal and conditional release Profiles of Canadian federal offenders as a function of psychopathy and age. Law and Human Behavior, 25(6), 647-661. Porter, S., Brinke, L., & Wilson, K. (2009). Crime profiles and conditional release performance of psychopathic and non-psychopathic sexual offenders. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 14, 109-118. Schmalleger, F. (2009). Criminal justice today: An introduction text for the 21st century (10th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Thomas-Peter, B. & Jones, J. (2006). High-risk inferences in assessing high risk: Outstanding concerns in the clinical use of the PCL-R. The British Journal of Forensic Practice, 8(4), 3-19. Walters, G. D. (2003). Predicting institutional adjustment and recidivism with the psychopathy Checklist factor scores: a meta-analysis. Law and Human Behavior, 27(5), 541-558. Walters, G. D. & Duncan, S. A. (2005). Use of the PCL-R and PAI to predict release outcome in Inmates undergoing forensic evaluation. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 16(3), 459-476.
