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Question 1 A sequence of human cell divisions accompanied by some growth and cell differentiation
convert an early ___________ into a hollow ball of cells called a _________.
Question 2 Which of the following phrases best describes the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
Question 3 Which of the following terms would not be used to describe an aspect of the
threedimensional adult form?
Question 4 When DNA is replicated, the two strands are first separated through _________ ; each
strand then becomes a _________ against which two new strands are made.
Question 5 An oncogene is a mutated form of a gene that normally directs
Question 6 The term “transcription” means the process of
Question 7 The “S” phase of the cell cycle represents the activity of
Question 8 Which of the following is not a role of the ribosome or its subunits?
Question 9 Life perpetuates itself at the cellular level
Question 10 Peptide bonds are formed during the __________ stage of translation.
Question 11 In the process of transcription, the base sequence in the molecule _______ is read by the
molecule _________ , an enzyme that makes an RNA molecule.
Question 12 When the organism expresses a set of genes, the result is the characteristics of that
organism. These characteristics are called its
Question 13 Why is the word “translation” used for protein production? Protein production is the
process of
Question 14 The ______________ is a highly differentiated brain structure that is too specialized to be

2. considered an “early brain region”.
Question 15 The two major problems that transcription solves for the cell are
Question 16 Successful differentiation of early brain regions requires that cells destined to form these
regions
Question 17 In healthy cells, the normal function of the activated Ras protein is to
Question 18 Which of the following is a part of the overall processing of mRNA in the cell nucleus?
Question 19 The genetic code is said to be degenerate. This means that
Question 20 Which of the following is not a phase of the cell cycle?
Question 21 Which of the following is not involved at all in the flow of information from archival DNA
to its expression as a resulting glycoprotein?
Question 22 _____________ is a disease state characterized by cells that divide uncontrollably and no
longer respect their confinement within their tissue of origin.
Question 23 What is the role of tRNA synthetase?
Question 24 Sensory and motor functions in the mature human adult are controlled by the
Question 25 The ________________ is often represented as a chart in which a specific sequence of bases
in mRNA (a codon) is used to represent each amino acid building block found in the world of
proteins.
Question 1 The mitotic stage of metaphase is most clearly defined by
Question 2 The genetic code is said to be degenerate. This means that
Question 3 In the cell nucleus a premRNA has its introns removed by
Question 4 A sequence of human cell divisions accompanied by some growth and cell differentiation
convert an early ___________ into a hollow ball of cells called a _________.
Question 5 In healthy cells, the normal function of the activated Ras protein is to

3. Question 6 When DNA is replicated, the two strands are first separated through _________; each
strand then becomes a _________ against which two new strands are made.
Question 7 In the process of transcription, the base sequence in the molecule _______ is read by the
molecule _________ , an enzyme that makes an RNA molecule.
Question 8 A collection of interacting glands that secrete hormones into the blood stream would best
describe the ___________ system.
Question 9 Which of the following phrases best describes the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
Question 10 Peptide bonds are formed during the __________ stage of translation.
Question 11 _____________ is a disease state characterized by cells that divide uncontrollably and no
longer respect their confinement within their tissue of origin.
Question 12 The nuclear membrane of the cell disintegrates during which phase of the cell cycle?
Question 13 An oncogene is a mutated form of a gene that normally directs
Question 14 The decondensation of visible chromosomes back into chromatin fibers is a defining
feature of which phase of the cell cycle?
Question 15 Which of the following phrases best describes the role of mRNA in gene expression?
Question 16 The term “transcription” means the process of
Question 17 In the threedimensional form of the adult Dalmatian dog, the “front” end of the animal
would be named the _____ aspect.
Question 18 The ______________ is a highly differentiated brain structure that is too specialized to be
considered an “early brain region”.
Question 19 The ________________ is often represented as a chart in which a specific sequence of bases
in mRNA (a codon) is used to represent each amino acid building block found in the world of
proteins.
Question 20 In order to elongate mRNA, RNA polymerase must
Question 21 Which of the following is tRNA's role in translation?

4. Question 22 The brain most directly interacts with and controls
Question 23 Which of the following choices lists in order the stages of mitosis?
Question 24 What is the role of tRNA synthetase?
Question 25 Which of the following is not a role of the ribosome or its subunits?
Question 1 In order to elongate mRNA, RNA polymerase must
Question 2 The “S” phase of the cell cycle represents the activity of
Question 3 Genes that normally direct the inhibition of cell division regulatory pathways are called
Question 4 The brain most directly interacts with and controls
Question 5 Moving ahead with cell division is controlled by the interaction of
Question 6 In the cell nucleus a premRNA has its introns removed by
Question 7 Which of the following phrases best describes the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
Question 8 The ______________ is a highly differentiated brain structure that is too specialized to be
considered an “early brain region”.
Question 9 The ________________ is often represented as a chart in which a specific sequence of bases
in mRNA (a codon) is used to represent each amino acid building block found in the world of
proteins.
Question 10 Which of the following is a part of the overall processing of mRNA in the cell nucleus?
Question 11 Heart rate and respiratory inhalation rate functions in the mature human adult are
controlled by the
Question 12 Which of the following terms would not be used to describe an aspect of the
threedimensional adult form?
Question 13 Which of the following is not a phase of the cell cycle?

5. Question 14 When the organism expresses a set of genes, the result is the characteristics of that
organism. These characteristics are called its
Question 15 A dominant control over the endocrine system in mature human adults is exerted by the
Question 16 When DNA is replicated, the two strands are first separated through _________ ; each
strand then becomes a _________ against which two new strands are made.
Question 17 Which of the following phrases best describes the role of mRNA in gene expression?
Question 18 Why is the word “translation” used for protein production? Protein production is the
process of
Question 19 There are more than four kinds of amino acids in proteins. Each kind of amino acid must
be coded for in mRNA. Thus, a short sequence of mRNA bases called a(n) _________ is used to code
for each amino acid in the translation process.
Question 20 _____________ is a disease state characterized by cells that divide uncontrollably and no
longer respect their confinement within their tissue of origin.
Question 21 The nuclear membrane of the cell disintegrates during which phase of the cell cycle?
Question 22 Which of the following is not a recognized organ system within the human body?
Question 23 Which of the following is tRNA's role in translation?
Question 24 The term “transcription” means the process of
Question 25 Sensory and motor functions in the mature human adult are controlled by the
Question 1 Sensory and motor functions in the mature human adult are controlled by the
Question 2 Which of the following is tRNA's role in translation?
Question 3 Successful differentiation of early brain regions requires that cells destined to form these
regions
Question 4 The mitotic stage of metaphase is most clearly defined by

6. Question 5 Which of the following sequences best represents the overall flow of information in a cell?
Question 6 _____________ is a disease state characterized by cells that divide uncontrollably and no
longer respect their confinement within their tissue of origin.
Question 7 When the organism expresses a set of genes, the result is the characteristics of that
organism. These characteristics are called its
Question 8 In the process of transcription, the base sequence in the molecule _______ is read by the
molecule _________ , an enzyme that makes an RNA molecule.
Question 9 Which of the following choices lists in order the stages of mitosis?
Question 10 What is the role of tRNA synthetase?
Question 11 Animal development and automobile development differ in that
Question 12 The term “transcription” means the process of
Question 13 The nuclear membrane of the cell disintegrates during which phase of the cell cycle?
Question 14 There are more than four kinds of amino acids in proteins. Each kind of amino acid must
be coded for in mRNA. Thus, a short sequence of mRNA bases called a(n) _________ is used to code
for each amino acid in the translation process.
Question 15 A threedimensional, folded molecule shaped like an “L” with an anticodon at one end
and an amino acid attachment site at the other end:
Question 16 Which of the following is not involved at all in the flow of information from archival DNA
to its expression as a resulting glycoprotein?
Question 17 Which of the following phrases best describes the role of mRNA in gene expression?
Question 18 A sequence of human cell divisions accompanied by some growth and cell differentiation
convert an early ___________ into a hollow ball of cells called a _________.
Question 19 In healthy cells, the normal function of the activated Ras protein is to
Question 20 Why is the word “translation” used for protein production? Protein production is the
process of

7. Question 21 A dominant control over the endocrine system in mature human adults is exerted by the
Question 22 Which of the following phrases best describes the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
Question 23 Which of the following terms would not be used to describe an aspect of the three-
dimensional adult form?
Question 24 The genetic code is said to be degenerate. This means that
Question 25 In the threedimensional form of the adult Dalmatian dog, the “front” end of the animal
would be named the _____ aspect.
Which of the following is not a role of the ribosome or its subunits?
Which of the following sequences best represents the overall flow of information in a cell?
Which of the following decisions is essential to a recombinant DNA project?
The two major problems that transcription solves for the cell are
The structure of DNA was unraveled using
Once the protein release factor enters the ribosome, other releasing factors enter as well. The
ribosome responds by coming apart and releasing the new protein. This process is called
A three-dimensional, folded molecule shaped like an “L” with an anticodon at one end and an
amino acid attachment site at the other end:
Biological information must exist because
In the translation process, tRNA molecules are also called “adapter” molecules. Why? What is
their function?
Which of the following is part of tRNA's role in translation?
DNA was discovered by Friederick Miescher; he isolated it from
DNA contains two chains of nucleotides in which ______ and ______ alternate in supporting
each chain structurally.
Which of the following phrases best describes the role of mRNA in gene expression?
The main difference between a germ cell and a somatic cell is that the somatic cell

8. There are more than four kinds of amino acids in proteins. Each kind of amino acid must be
coded for in mRNA. Thus, a short sequence of mRNA bases called a(n) _________ is used to
code for each amino acid in the translation process.
A useful, isolated gene can be inserted into a human cell of choice by
In human history mutations have
Peptide bonds are formed during the __________ stage of translation.
When the organism expresses a set of genes, the result is the characteristics of that organism.
These characteristics are called its
In the process of transcription, the base sequence in the molecule _______ is read by the
molecule _________ , an enzyme that makes an RNA molecule.
A ribosome is best described as
A retrovirus can be altered so that it can take foreign DNA into a host cell. It is altered by
In order to elongate mRNA, RNA polymerase must
The same “gene” can be used to code for two different proteins in two different tissues of the
body of the same organism. How is this possible?
PCR isolates one DNA sequence away from many others by
Which of the following is not true of the ligase molecule
Consider a picture of a DNA molecule. What would be different about the DNA double helix’s
width if occasionally adenine paired with guanine and cytosine paired with thymine?
Why is the word “translation” used for protein production? Protein production is the process of
What is one value of degeneracy in the genetic code?
In bacterial (prokaryotic) cells, the front end of a strand of mRNA can begin translation on a
ribosome while the tail end is still being transcribed by RNA polymerase. How is this possible
Which of the following is not involved at all in making a glycoprotein
If part of a DNA strand’s base sequence reads –GGTACCTA-- what mRNA base sequence would
be transcribed from that DNA sequence
What are two structural differences between a ribonucleotide and a deoxyribonucleotide
In what way is information expression in a cell superior to that in building construction?

9. If you were asked to isolate from a genomic library the structural gene that codes for a specific
protein, what would be a good strategy for beginning to search for the gene?
Why were cancer-causing retroviruses chosen for development of a way of getting DNA into
Which of the following is not a description of PCR
Which of the following is not a step in a typical gene therapy study
What would a ribosome do with the following mRNA sequence?
_____________ is a disease state characterized by cells that divide uncontrollably and no longer
respect their confinement within their tissue of origin.
An oncogene is a mutated form of a gene that normally directs
Which of the following tissues would not be observed in the root of a plant?
The term morphogenesis refers to that process in which
Cell division in unicellular life forms results in __________ while cell division in multicellular
life forms facilitates _________.
The purpose of cytokinesis is to
Which of the following structural changes occurs during prophase of mitosis?
The unique feature of meristem tissue is that it is
A dominant control over the endocrine system in mature human adults is exerted by the
A sequence of human cell divisions accompanied by some growth and cell differentiation convert
an early ___________ into a hollow ball of cells called a _________.
Sensory and motor functions in the mature human adult are controlled by the
Which of the following is not a phase of the cell cycle?
Successful differentiation of early brain regions requires that cells destined to form these regions
Which of the following terms would not be used to describe an aspect of the threedimensional
adult form?
What purpose does the process of mitosis serve?
A Gingko biloba haploid ova nucleus and a sperm nucleus combine in a process known as
_______ within the structure known as ___________.

10. Genes that normally direct the inhibition of cell division regulatory pathways are called
When DNA is replicated, the two strands are first separated through _________; each strand then
becomes a _________ against which two new strands are made.
Vesicles containing cell wall materials fuse together to form new cell wall during the process of
Heart rate and respiratory inhalation rate functions in the mature human adult are controlled by
the
Moving ahead with cell division is controlled by the interaction of
John Gurdon transplanted a nucleus from a differentiated toad cell into a toad egg lacking its
own functional nucleus. How did this work demonstrate genomic potency?
In humans, the process of gastrulation gives rise to a “three primary tissue” structure of the
embryo. Gastrulation is a product of
Hans Spemann advanced the theory of embryonic induction based on his observation that
The transformation of chromatin to chromosomes is necessary prior to cell division because
In yeast a new cell is often reproduced by growing attached to the maternal cell. This
reproductive process is called
The phase of mitosis in which the chromatin begins to condense and the chromosomes
Which of the following is true regarding either the G0 or the G1- phases of the cell cycle
Which type of tissue is not found in plants
A morula is made up of
Which of the following statements is true regarding the DNA replication bubble
A newly forming budding yeast cell can get energy directly from
When plant cells divide, instead of using a cleavage furrow or contractile ring to separate the
new daughter cells the plant cell
How does an organism develop from one cell to a complete organism?
The microtubules which attach to the centromere region of each chromosome are called
In forming long distance high to low concentration gradients, how do auxin molecules ge
When a stem cell in your bone marrow differentiates into a specific cell type (like a red blood
cell instead of a white blood cell or a platelet)

11. The pituitary gland has direct roles in the __________ and ____________systems.
Much of your digestive system is lined with cells from the endodermal primary germ
layer. Regions of your mouth and anal area are lined with cells from the ectodermal primary
germ layer. How might the mesodermal primary germ contribute to the structure of the
digestive system?
Cells multiply by undergoing division. Choose the statement below which helps explain how this
paradox works itself out in a multicellular organism